Industrial Revolution

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Industrial Revolution

• By J. Collins

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Industrial Revolution

• The IR is when people stopped making stuff at
  home and started making stuff in factories.

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Cottage Industry
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Factory system
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Cotton gin

• His cotton gin removed the seeds out of raw
  cotton.

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Steam Engine

• The steam engine was not just a transportation
  device. It ran entire factories the way rivers
  used to.

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Steam engine
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Railroads
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Transcontinental RR

• The transcontinental railroad made travel across
  the country faster, cheaper and more efficient.

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• The transcontinental RR met in Utah

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Canals

• Canals are manmade waterways dug between 2 large
  bodies of water.
• The Erie Canal was a short cut from the Atlantic
  Ocean to the Great Lakes.

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Erie Canal 1825
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Panama Canal

• The Panama Canal was a shortcut from the Atlantic
  to the Pacific (or backwards).

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Panama Canal
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Telegraph

• Samuel Morse invented the telegraph. It
  communicated using a series of beeps (Morse code).

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telephone

• Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone.

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Robber Barons

• Andrew Carnegie owned US Steel.

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• Steel Mill at night.

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Robber Barons

• John D. Rockefeller owned the railroads and the
  oil industries

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Monopoly

• Carnegie and Rockefeller ran their competition
  out of business.
• A monopoly is when one company controls the
  entire industry.

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Thomas Edison

• The light bulb allowed factories to work at night.

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• Phonograph

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Edisons inventions

• Motion picture camera

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Immigration
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Pull factors

• Immigrants come to the USA for jobs and
  opportunities.

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• Pull factors are good stuff to bring immigrants
  here like jobs.

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• Jobs pulled immigrants here.

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• Free land was a pull factor

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Push factors

• Push factors are bad stuff to push immigrants
  away like war or disease. This is potato famine.

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• Many immigrants lived in tenements.

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tenement
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Child labor

• Many immigrants put their children to work ASAP.

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Child labor

• Shoeshine boys

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Child labor

• Bowling pin boys

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Child labor

• Coal miner boys

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Child labor

• Young miner

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• Girls were preferred over boys. They were paid
  less, had smaller hands.

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Any questions before quiz?
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Progressivism
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Progressivism

• Progressivism is a series of reform movements
  during the late 1800 and early 1900s.

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Progressive goals

• Progressives sought the following
• Temperance
• Reform of the government
• Suffrage for women
• Better working conditions
• More government regulation
• Efficient industry

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Temperance Movement

• Women fought to ban alcohol in America.
• They did this without the vote!

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Temperance movement

• Women would go to saloons and start singing
  church hymns.

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Temperance movement

• Later in 1920, they would be successful with the
  18th Amendment which banned the sale or
  production of alcohol.

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Social welfare

• YMCA provided charity work for slum neighborhoods
  like classes and entertainment.

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Political Reforms

• Progressives wanted big business out of politics.
• Progressives wanted more popular sovereignty.

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Political Reforms

• Secret ballot Progressives wanted people to
  vote without intimidation.

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Political Reforms

• Recall special election to get rid of a
  politician.
• Auhnold is governor of CA because of a recall
  election.

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Political reform

• Progressives reformed local governments by
  allowing people to introduce bills (initiative).
  A referendum is a vote on that initiative.

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Political reform

• The Seventeenth Amendment put more power into the
  peoples hands. It allowed for the direct
  election of US Senators. Before, state
  legislators would choose.
• Here are the Texas
• Senators

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Political reform

• Progressives wanted big business out of politics.
• Political machines controlled the political
  parties.

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Political Reform

• One famous political machine was the Tammany Ring
  of NYC.

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• Political machines werent all bad. They
  provided jobs to immigrants and other services

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Economic Reform

• The Sixteenth Amendment allows for a graduated
  income tax. That means the rich pay a higher
  percentage than poor people.

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Womens suffrage
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Suffragists

• We hold these truths to be self evident that all
  men and women are created
• equal.

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Suffragists

• Elizabeth Cady Stanton was the grandmother of the
  movement

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• Women all over the USA and Britain paraded and
  protested for suffrage.

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Womens suffrage

• Stanton and Susan B. Anthony fought for womens
  rights.

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• WWI helped women get the vote because they worked
  so hard during WWI.

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• The Nineteenth Amendment gave womens suffrage.

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Labor Reform

• Labor unions struggled in the 1800s to fight for
  better working conditions (shorter work day,
  workers comp).

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Labor reform

• Unions went on strike, and they turned violent
  most of the time.

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Labor unions

• Skilled labor unions were more successful because
  they were harder to replace.

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• Progressives got laws passed that prohibited
  child labor.

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• Progressives passed laws limiting hours women
  worked.

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• Progressives passed laws requiring workplace
  safety.

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• Workplace safety.

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Progressive Presidents

• Theodore Teddy Roosevelt

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• Teddy was the youngest president in history at
  the time.

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Trust buster
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• Roosevelt read The Jungle by Upton Sinclair, a
  muckraker

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• As a result, he passed the Meat Inspection Act
  and the Food and Drug Act

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1906
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Efficient industry

• While some progressives fought industry with
  labor unions and government regulation, others
  helped industry by using science in the
  workplace.

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• Taylorism increasing efficiency through studies
  of human motion.

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Industrial efficiency

• Henry Ford learned that the less people had to
  move, the faster they would work.

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Fords assembly line
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• The first cars were very expensive.

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Model T

• The Model T was the first car that middle class
  people could afford.

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Model T

• The assembly line lowered the cost of the Model T
  from 825 to 300.