Diapositive 1

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Integrated Grounding, Equipotential Bonding and
Lightning Protection in Smart Grids and
Smart Buildings A Multi-Faced Approach
Ernst Schmautzer, Stephan Pack, Maria Aigner,
Chr. Raunig Austria Session 2 0760
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Introduction

• Modern low-voltage grids and building
  installations ? need to be suitable for a
  bidirectional energy and high-speed
  information flow considering the demands of
  high reliability? have also to fulfil
  requirements of ensuring safety and protection
  measures against electric shock, over-voltages,
  ohmic and inductive interference (EMC-EMI),
• To guarantee the reliable functioning of
  necessary electronic equipment new concepts
  regarding integrated systems are a pre-condition
  starting from the transformer stations via the
  mains connection to the final location of the
  electrical / electronic equipment in the
  buildings.

Ernst Schmautzer Austria Session 2 0760
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Introduction

• To provide the base for a safe and reliable use
  concerning low and transient effects in new
  build and revitalized buildings two approaches
  are presented? The first approach includes the
  integration of grounding, bonding, lightning
  protection and shielding from the beginning of
  the planning and construction phase of the
  electrical installation ? The second approach
  demonstrates the integration of a closed-meshed
  fish trap structure of grounding, bonding,
  lightning protection and shielding in case of
  refurbishment of old buildings

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Introduction

• Beginning in the planning phase, and continued
  in the implementation and examination state ?
  grounding? equipotential bonding, shielding
  (EMC zones)? lightning protection (LPZ
  lightning protection zones)usually are
  considered separately
• This leads to a multitude of problems in practice
  caused by low-frequency and transient currents,
  such as? stray-currents ? undesired
  interfering electromagnetic fields and ? ohmic
  and inductive influences? transient currents
  caused by switching operations in the grid
  ? transient currents caused by atmospheric
  discharges

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State of the Art (Standards)

• HD 60364-1 Low-voltage electrical installations
  Part 1 Fundamental principles, assessment of
  general characteristics, definitions
• HD 60364-4-41 Low-voltage electrical
  installations Part 4-41 Protection for safety
  - Protection against electric shock
• HD 60364-5-55 Low-voltage electrical
  installations Part 5-54 Selection and
  erection of electrical equipment - Earthing
  arrangements, protective conductors and
  protective bonding conductors
• EN 50310 Application of equipotential bonding
  and earthing in buildings with information
  technology equipment
• EN 50173 Information technology - Generic
  cabling systems - Part 1 General requirements
• EN 50174 Information technology - Cabling
  installation - Part 2 Installation planning and
  practices inside buildings
• EN 50178 Electronic equipment for use in power
  installations
• EN 50122 Railway applications - Fixed
  installations - Electrical safety, earthing and
  the return circuit - Part 1 Protective
  provisions against electric shock
• EN 50522 Earthing of power installations
  exceeding 1 kV a.c.
• EN 62305 Protection against lightning
• EN 50162 Protection against corrosion by stray
  current from DC systems

• IEC TR 61000-5-2
• ANSI/TIA/EIA-607 (USA)
• ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.1-2 (USA)
• BS 7671 (UK IEE Wiring Regulations)
• VDE 0100 (Germany)
• VDE 0800 Teil 174-2
• VDE 0800 Teil 31
• ITU-T
• OVE/ONORM E 8001-1 Erection of electrical
  installations with rated voltages up to 1000 V
  a.c., HD 384
• OVE/ONORM E 8383 Power installation exceeding 1
  kV,HD 637 S1 1999
• OVE/ONORM E 8384 Earthing in AC installations
  with rated voltage higher than 1 kV
• OVE/ONORM E 8014 Erection of earthing
  installations for electrical installations with
  rated voltages up to AC 1000 V and DC 1500 V
  Part 1 General requirements and definitions
• EMC, EMI

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State of the Art (Standards)
EN 62305 Protection against lightning
HD 60364-1 Low-voltage electrical installations
Part 1 Fundamental principles, assessment of
general characteristics, definitions
Shielding
EN 50174 MESH
DI Dr. Ernst Schmautzer Austria Session 2
0760
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Methodology New Buildings

• The minimum level in most European countries
  (also in Austria) is preferably the establishment
  of a concrete footing-type grounding electrode
  system in the foundation area (base plate,
  granular sub-grade course, blinding concrete)
• In buildings with specific EMC requirements of
  information technology (especially for the
  reduction of magnetic interference fields,
  inductive and resistive influences by transient
  currents) the construction of an additional
  equipotential bonding system for each floor is
  essential

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Methodology New Buildings
Integrated grounding electrode system, shielding,
equipotential bonding and lightning protection
system
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Methodology New Buildings

• Combined high- and low-voltage grounding system
• Sensible ICT-components can be installed in all
  parts of the building structure

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Methodology Old Buildings

• Most of the before mentioned measures concerning
  the low inductive meshed grounding, equipotential
  bonding and lightning protection system cannot be
  realized at low efforts and costs
• The proposal is, to invert the grounding and
  equipotential bonding system at spatially defined
  locations by realizing a fish trap like structure
  of conductors to achieve a preferably low
  impedant equipotential system
• As the grounding and equipotential bonding system
  changes to a predominate equipotential system the
  refurbished grounding system has now to meet only
  the demands of a proper lightning protection
  system and can be realized usually with vertical
  grounding rods

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Methodology Old Buildings

• The fish-trap like equibonding structure provides
  a low impedance
• So protection and safety measures can easily be
  realized (equipotential and function
  equipotential bonding, overvoltage suppression)
• The low impedance equipotential system is
  provided only in dedicated areas in the near
  vicinity of the fish-trap like construction

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Conclusion

• Realising the grounding, equipotential bonding,
  shielding and the lightning protection system as
  well as considering EMC- and lightning
  protection-zones as a jointly co-ordinated system
  meets the requirements for ? protection against
  electric shock, ? minimizes resistive, inductive
  and capacitive interference,? reduces the
  occurrence of electromagnetic fields and ?
  enables the implementation of high-quality
  measures for the electric/electronic equipment
  safety, ? as well as a efficient lightning and
  surge protection
• Additionally the reduction of the data transfer
  rates caused by inductive and ohmic interference
  can be minimized
• The proposed grounding and equipotential bonding
  system can be used in new and refurbished
  buildings
• The integration in the design concept of
  architectural structures is easy
• The proposed system can be integrated easily, if
  early enough considered

Ernst Schmautzer Austria Session 2 0760
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Integrated Grounding, Equipotential Bonding and
Lightning Protection in Smart Grids and
Smart Buildings A Multi-Faced Approach
Ernst Schmautzer, Stephan Pack, Maria Aigner,
Chr. Raunig Austria Session 2 0760