King John and the Magna Carta - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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King John and the Magna Carta

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King John and the Magna Carta Impact of Crusades When the Crusades began in the 11th century, many nobles sold their land and serfs to finance the Crusades campaign. – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: King John and the Magna Carta


1
King John and the Magna Carta
2
Impact of Crusades
  • When the Crusades began in the 11th century, many
    nobles sold their land and serfs to finance the
    Crusades campaign. Many lords went to the
    Crusades, as well. With so many lords in the
    Holy Land, many serfs ran away. Others gained
    freedom when their lords were killed. Such
    circumstances weakened feudalism and eventually
    increased the power of the kings.

3
Medieval Kings
  • Medieval kings could get into serious trouble if
    they did not have the qualities of a KING! In
    the thirteenth century some barons (noblemen or
    vassals) forced an unpopular king to give up some
    power and it was only the beginning!! In this
    lesson, you will find out how the richest people
    in the country began to challenge the king.

4
Could the rich control the king?
A good judge of character
Rich but not greedy!
A good soldier
Fit and strong
God fearing
Inspiring!
Brave
Hardworking
Wise
Firm but fair!
Around the picture above, you can read some of
the qualities which medieval people expected
their king to have! Which three do you think are
the most important for a medieval king?
5
King John manages to upset everyone!!
  • The first king to give up some of his power was
    John. He is famous as Prince John in make
    believe stories of Robin Hood. In the stories he
    is a wicked and foolish prince who taxes the
    people of England unfairly. Some historians say
    King John was just as foolish in real life.
  • John ruled England from 1199 to 1216. He faced
    the following problems...

6
Problem Number 1
  • He quarrelled with the Pope about how to run the
    Church. From 1208 until 1213, the Pope banned
    all church services in England and English people
    feared that they would not go to heaven! Some
    Church leaders blamed John for the trouble.

7
Problem Number 2
  • John went to war twice against the French king.
    His army was badly beaten both times. He lost
    almost all the land that his father had gained in
    France!

8
Problem Number 3
  • John raised taxes in England to pay for the wars.
    This upset his BARONS! He ordered them to pay
    far more tax than earlier kings had done!

9
THINK!
  • For how many years did the ban on church services
    last?
  • Why do you think the barons gave John the
    nicknames Softsword and Lackland?
  • Which of the three problems do you think upset
    the barons the most?

10
How did the barons strike back?
  • In 1214 many barons rebelled against John. They
    believed that he could not rule the country
    properly and was treating them unfairly. If
    someone did not do something the whole country
    could be ruined!
  • In 1215 the barons forced John to grant a
    charter, which was the first time anyone had
    expected an English king to obey a set of rules.

11
The Magna Carta??
  • The Charter later became known by the Latin name
    Magna Carta which means great charter.
  • Magna Carta

12
How did Magna Carta affect King John?
  • I, King John, accept that I have to govern
    according to the law.
  • So I agree
  • 1. Not to imprison nobles without trial
  • 2. That trials must be in courts not held in
    secret by me
  • 3. To have fair taxation for the nobles
  • 4. To let freemen travel wherever they like
  • 5. Not to interfere in Church matters
  • 6. Not to seize crops without paying for them
  • and more things too!

13
Basically
  • Magna Carta stated that the LAW, not the king,
    was the supreme power in England.
  • Magna Carta was an important factor in changing
    Europe into a democracy rather than a monarchy.

14
Think!
  • Use the examples from Magna Carta to explain the
    different ways in which John had been upsetting
    people.
  • What was so new about Magna Carta for English
    kings?
  • At the time, Magna Carta was not designed to help
    everybody. What kind of people were not helped
    by the charter?
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