Title: Chapter 1 (pages 2-5) Introduction to Life Honors Biology
1Chapter 1 (pages 2-5)Introduction to LifeHonors
Biology
2Do Now-
- 1. What is biology?
- 2. What are some topics we will be studying in
Biology? - 3. How is biology applied in todays society?
3Objectives
- 1. SWBAT define biology and explain its
applications. - 2. SWBAT define and apply all seven
characteristics of life to an organism.
4Safety Review
- Goggles, gloves, and aprons!
- Fire!
- Equipment
- Acids and Bases
- Remember you safety test is on Tuesday!
5A. What is Biology?
- Study of life or once living things
- Study the structure of living things and how they
interact with one another - Study of how living things function
6B. Biologists
- Study the diversity of life
- Research diseases
- Develop technologies
- Improve agriculture
- Preserve the environment
7Make a list of the items in this picture that you
consider alive or were alive at some point.
Think Pair Share
8Lets Brainstorm
- What characteristics does a living thing have?
- Lets make a class list
- 1.
9C. Seven Characteristics of life
- Order
- Regulation
- Grows and Develops
- Energy Processing
- Responds to the Environment
- Reproduction
- Evolutionary Adaptations
101. Order
- Living things are arranged in an orderly way.
- Cell- Smallest unit of life
- Ex. Squamous Cell
- Tissue- group of cells that have same structure
and function (look alike) - Ex. - Epithelial tissue (outer skin cells)
- Organ- different tissues that work together to
perform a function - Ex- Skin
112. Order (Cont.)
- System- Group of organs working together
- Ex. Integumentary System
- Organism- Organ systems working together (whole)
- Ex. Human
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13Do Now
- 1. Define the word homeostasis
- 2. Provide an example.
14Objectives
- 2. SWBAT define and apply all seven
characteristics of life to an organism.
152. Regulation
- Homeostasis Regulation of an organisms internal
conditions to maintain life - If anything happens within or to an organism that
affects its normal state, processes to restore
the normal state begin.
Blood sugar levels
Temperature
Blood Pressure
16Homeostasis (Cont.)
- Regulation of Blood Glucose
- Insulin
- Glucagon
- Negative Feedback
17Homeostasis (Cont.)
- A receptor is triggered by a stimulus, and the
effector produces a response.
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19Do Now
- List the characteristics of life that we have
covered in class. - Homework
- Microscope Lab Test tomorrow
- Read and outline section 1.7-1.8 due tomorrow
- Lab Quiz on Tuesday (9/25)
20Objectives
- 1. SWBAT list and discuss the eight
characteristics of life and provide examples of
each. - 2. SWBAT observe and draw yeast budding.
- 3. SWBAT explain why the production of carbon
dioxide is evidence of yeast requiring and using
energy.
213. Growth and Development
- gets larger by using materials and energy from
environment - Controlled by genes in the DNA
- Growth occurs through cell division and cell
enlargement
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234. Energy Processing
- Living things get their energy from food
(glucose). - energy is the ability to do work
- Plants create glucose from the sun
(photosynthesis) - All living organisms break down
- glucose and release chemical energy
- (cellular respiration)
244. Energy Processing (Cont.)
- Food is the primary energy source
- Autotrophs-
- Heterotrophs-
- Food is metabolized (all chemical reactions in
the body) - Anabolic process
- Catabolic process
255. Respond to the Environment
- Anything that causes some sort of reaction by the
organism is called a stimulus. - The reaction to a stimulus is a response.
http//www.youtube.com/watch?vWFDHWk_bjsU
266. Reproduction
- A species is a group of organisms that can breed
with one another and produce fertile offspring. - ex. Asexual ex. Sexual
-
277. Adaptations Evolve Over Time
- An adaptation is any inherited characteristic
that results from changes to a species over time.
288. Living things are made of one or more cells.
- Cells are the basic unit of structure and
function in all living things. - Unicellular Multicellular-
29All seven characteristics must be present to be
considered alive!
30Do Now
- Explain (using the 8 characteristics of life)
why we are alive! Provide examples!
31Objectives
- SWBAT identify 8 objects as being alive or not
and explain why - SWBAT work in groups to discover the nature of
science - SWBAT explore the steps of the scientific method.
- SWBAT make observations and inferences and
differentiate between the two.
32What is Science?
- Which of the following are considered science?
- Astrology
- Ornithology
- Marine Biology
- Religion
- Zoology
331.3 Nature of Science (pg. 16- 21)
- Science is a body of knowledge based on the study
of nature. - Scientific inquiry is both a creative process and
a process rooted in unbiased observations and
experimentation.
34THE CUBES!
- FIRST RULE Do not touch the cubes!
- Lets brainstorm What questions do you have
about the cubes?
35The cubes Cont.
- What is on the bottom of the cube?
- What is evidence? What does the word mean?
- Using data (observations), try to convince me and
your classmates what is on the bottom of the
cube. Provide evidence!
36Pick up the cubes Go ahead!
- There is no way of knowing the absolute answer to
a scientific question. - WHAT? MS INGS? ALL THAT FOR NOTHING.
- Nature of Science
37Scientific Investigations
- Lets list the steps we went through in our
scientific investigation
38An example experiment
- Who likes to cook???
- How do you cook spaghetti?
391. Ask a Question
- Scientific inquiry begins with observation.
- Science inquiry involves asking questions and
processing information from a variety of reliable
sources.
40Short Demo on ..
41Observation vs. Inference
- Observation- direct way of gathering information
in an organized way. - Inference- taking observations and making a
logical conclusion
42Do Now
- 1. Try to list the steps of the scientific
method! - 2. List one example of an inference and one of an
observation.
43Objectives
- 1. SWBAT practice making observations.
- 2. SWBAT differentiate between observations and
inferences - 3. SWBAT identify and practice the steps of the
scientific method.
44Lets make some observations!
- I need someone to write on the board for me!
45Do Now
- 1. Which is an indication that an idea is based
on pseudoscience? - A. It brings up more questions.
- B. It causes disagreement and debate.
- C. It does not welcome scientific investigation.
- D. It does not receive acceptance by scientists.
- 2. Some species of plants begin opening their
flowers in the morning when they are exposed to
sunlight. What characteristic of living things
does this represent? - A. acquiring energy
- B. adapting to the environment
- C. displaying organization
- D. responding to stimuli
46Objectives
- 1. SWBAT identify and practice the steps of the
scientific method. - 2. SWBAT work in groups to identify control
group, experimental group, hypothesis,
conclusion, independent, and dependent variables. - 3. SWBAT analyze a graph.
472. Form a Hypothesis
- Hypothesis - a testable explanation of a
situation. - Hypothesis that are supported through experiments
and data are then accepted in the scientific
community.
483. Collect the Data
- Biologist conducts an experiment, (a phenomenon
in a controlled setting to test a hypothesis).
494. Controlled Experiments
- 1. Experimental Group- group that is being
manipulated - 2. Control Group- group you keep the same (all
variables are constant)
505. Experimental Design
- Independent variableonly one factor in a
experiment that can change - Dependent variableresults from or depends on
changes to the independent variable
51Think Pair Share
- Identify control group, experimental group,
independent variable, dependent variable,
constants - Food Scientists are working together to develop a
better tasting sweet mint Trident gum. Each
person sampling the gum gets ONE original sweet
mint and ONE sweet mint with added spearmint to
try to improve taste. The tasters did not know
what they were trying and had to record their
results.
526. Data Gathering
- Data - information gained from observations.
- Quantitative data - measurements of time,
temperature, length, or other factors. - Qualitative data - descriptions of what our
senses detect.
53Data
- I want you gather qualitative and quantitative
data from this picture.
547. Analyze the Data
- A graph of the data makes easier to interpret.
55Graphing
- Analyze this graph.
- Reach a conclusion!
568. Report Conclusions
- Conclusions are published so other can review the
results and discuss the merit of the experiment.
571
1
2
3
4
5
6
58Identify the following terms identify the
problem, hypothesis, experiment, independent
variable, dependent variable, and create a
conclusion
- The leaves on my tomato plants were turning
yellow. I was not sure what to do. I decided
that maybe they were not getting enough sun. I
moved one plant into the sun and left the other
one where it was. I recorded the different
shades of the leaves (yellow, yellow-green, and
green).
59Section 1.3 Review - Matching!
1. Development A. testable explanation
2. Homeostasis B. change that takes place during the life of an organism
3. Inference C. Logical conclusion based on your observations
4. Hypothesis D. Regulates an organisms internal conditions and keeps them stable
60Do Now
- In trying to develop a lighter color honey, bee
keepers allow the bees to only visit sunflowers.
- Design an experiment to test this. In your
experiment, identify - Control group, experimental group, independent
variable, dependent variable, constants
61Do Now
- Explain why a virus is NOT considered alive.
62Objectives
- 1. SWBAT identify 8 objects as being alive or not
and explain why - 2. SWBAT differentiate between observations and
inferences - 3. SWBAT identify and practice the steps of the
scientific method.
63Homework!!
- For homework you have a worksheet on experiments.
This will be due the next class.
64Do Now
- Fill in the blanks in the concept chart
65Do Now
- 1. Which is an indication that an idea is based
on pseudoscience? - A. It brings up more questions.
- B. It causes disagreement and debate.
- C. It does not welcome scientific investigation.
- D. It does not receive acceptance by scientists.
- 2. Some species of plants begin opening their
flowers in the morning when they are exposed to
sunlight. What characteristic of living things
does this represent? - A. acquiring energy
- B. adapting to the environment
- C. displaying organization
- D. responding to stimuli
66Objectives
- 1. SWBAT compare and contrast the English and
metric systems - 2. SWBAT practice conversions between metric
units. - 3. SWBAT explain the nature of science
671.2 Nature of Science (pg. 11 15)
- Uses Scientific Theory
- Theory- explanation of a natural phenomenon
supported by many observations and experiments
over time - Ex.
- Results are always constant!
68A. Expands Scientific Knowledge
- Science is under constant reevaluation of what is
known. - Ex. Classification, Food Pyramid
- Can lead to new knowledge
- Reevaluation cycle continues!
69B. Challenges Accepted Theories
- Scientists debate each other ideas
- Science accommodates new information as it is
discovered - http//abcnews.go.com/GMA/video/dr-mehmet-oz-accus
ed-fear-mongering-dr-richard-besser-arsenic-apple-
juice-14525404
70C. Questions Results
- Scientist can find data that is not consistent
with current scientific understanding - These inconsistencies often lead to further
investigations
71D. Tests Claims
- Conclusions are reached after
- Controlled experiments
- Unbiased investigations
- Large amounts of data
72Think Pair - Share
- Read the following and critique the author.
- What else can the scientist do to further his/her
own studies? - A marine biologist studying whales put markers
on one white whale to determine migration. This
scientist then concluded that all whales migrate
from the Gulf to the mid Atlantic ocean.
73Undergoes Peer Review
- Experiments are reviewed by scientists peers.
(Peer review ) - Evaluated by other scientists who are in the same
field or who are conducting similar research.
74Think Pair - Share
- How can we prove something true?
75Do Now - Matching!
1. Development A. testable explanation
2. Homeostasis B. change that takes place during the life of an organism
3. Inference C. Logical conclusion based on your observations
4. Hypothesis D. Regulates an organisms internal conditions and keeps them stable
76Measurements used in Science
- Different methods used for measuring
- International System of Units (SI)- what
scientists all over the world use - Measured in groups of 10
77Length - SI
- SI uses the meter
- Measures how long something is
- Tools Ruler
78Volume
- SI uses m3
- Most often we use liter
- Measures how much space
- Something takes up
79Mass and Weight
- Mass how much matter something has
- SI units are kilogram (kg)
- Weight force of gravity on an object
80Time and Temperature
- Time period between two events
- SI unit is seconds (s)
- Temperature how much heat contained in an object
(how hot or cold something is) - SI unit is Kelvin (K)
- Scientists often use Celsius (C)
81Conversions
- 4 kiloliters ___________ hectoliters
- 36.87 millimeters ________ decameters
- 0.098 meters ___________ micrometers
- 56.7 decimeters _________ decameters
82Do NowWhat are some things around the room
that are alive? Or were alive at some point?
83Do Now
- How many
- Centimeters are in a meter?
- Meters are in a kilometer?
- How long is a 5K?
84Do Now
- A new medicine is out on the market that helps
people retain information better (smart pill).
In a recent study, one group was given the smart
pill and the other group was given a placebo
(sugar pill). - Identify control group and experimental group
- Explain why researchers found the need to have
two different groups
85Do Now- Review for Jeopardy
- For each statement, circle the stimulus, and
underline the response. - 1. Your mouth waters at the sight of food on a
plate. - 2. There is a sudden drop in temperature, which
gives you goose bumps. - 3. You get a fever after a virus enters your
body. - 4. You get butterflies in your stomach before
giving a speech.
86Objectives
- 1. SWBAT review for the their chapter 1 test
- 2. SWBAT answer multiple choice and open ended
questions on chapter 1
87Think-Pair-Share
- Design an experiment to determine why the fish
are dying in your tank. Identify the control,
constants, independent variable, dependent
variable, and experimental group.