Bio 1060 Chapter 2

1
Bio 1060 Chapter 2

• The Chemical Context of Life

2
Chemistry in Biology?

• Describe the usefulness of chemical knowledge to
  the biologist
• Differentiate between an element, a molecule, and
  a compound

3
Elements of Life

• Name the predominant elements in all living
  things
• Name some trace elements
• Give some examples of their importance
• Evolution Connection p. 46

4
Atoms

• Describe an atom
• Differentiate between subatomic particles
• Discuss why an atoms mass may not be an integer
  (whole number)

5
Isotopes

• Define isotope
• Discuss the importance of isotopes
• In biology
• In human life

6
Electron

• Describe an electron shell
• Relate the electron shell to energy
• Name one biological process in which this
  relationship is crucial
• Describe the importance of valence electrons

7
Valence Electrons

• Define valence
• Discuss how valence helps determine bonding
  pattern
• Differentiate between an electron shell and
  orbital

8
Covalent Bonds

• Differentiate between a structural and molecular
  formula
• Define a covalent bond
• Discuss how a covalent bond is represented

9
Electronegativity

• Define electronegativity
• Discuss its effect on bonding patterns
• Name two types of covalent bonds and distinguish
  between them
• Describe molecules in which each of these bonds
  are important

10
Ionic Bonds

• Define ionic bond
• Discuss how an ionic bond is formed
• Compare and contrast covalent and ionic bonds

11
Weak Bonds

• Differentiate between hydrogen bonds and van der
  Waals interactions
• Discuss their important in the cell

12
Molecular Shape

• Describe the formation and importance of
  molecular shape
• Discuss how molecular shape relates to pain
  control
• Name the unifying theme of biology illustrated
  here
• Scientific Inquiry p. 46

13
Chemical Reactions

• Define chemical reaction, reactant and product
• Using photosynthesis as an example, describe the
  chemical reaction process
• Discuss why this reaction is so important
• Science, Technology, and Society p. 46

14
Chemical Equilibrium

• Define chemical equilibrium
• Describe why there are more ammonia than
  hydrogen and nitrogen at equilibrium