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Chapter 01 - Introduction to Marine Science

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Title: Chapter 01 - Introduction to Marine Science


1
  • Choose to view chapter section with a click on
    the section heading.
  • Life on an Ocean Planet
  • Defining Your Study
  • Science, Technology, Society and You
  • How to Learn Marine Science Most Efficiently

Chapter Topic Menu
2
Life on an Ocean Planet
Life on an Ocean Planet
Chapter 1 Pages 1-3 to 17
3
The Scientist in You
  • What is a scientist?
  • Someone who uses theprocesses of science tofind
    answers about how and why things work
  • in the world.
  • in the observable universe.

Life on an Ocean Planet
Chapter 1 Pages 1-3
4
The Scientist in You
  • This is what makes science an adventure full of
    discovery and wonder.
  • Science isnt simply a body of facts,but the way
    you analyze those facts.
  • Doing this analysis is called thescientific
    process and whenyou use it, you are a scientist.

Life on an Ocean Planet
Chapter 1 Pages 1-3
5
The Ocean Planet
  • The ocean produces two influences vital to life
    on Earth.
  • Weather and world climatepatterns dictate how
    warm,cold, wet, or dry it will be.
  • Where humans live on land
  • is mostly determined by the ocean.
  • In addition, the ocean provides three important
    resources Food Oxygen Natural Resources
    (such as oil)

Life on an Ocean Planet
Chapter 1 Pages 13 to 17
6
The Ocean Planet
  • Humans have seen all of the Earths surface, but
    theres far more to discover beneath the ocean.
  • Without knowing much about our ocean, humans are
    increasingly changing it for the worse.
  • Commercial fishing is
  • depleting fish.
  • Pollution due mainlyto overpopulation.
  • Crucial marine environmentsare dying off.

Life on an Ocean Planet
Chapter 1 Pages 13 to 17
7
The Ocean Planet
  • What is Ocean Literacy?
  • Ocean literacy means understanding the basic
    concepts related to how the ocean functions as
    anecosystem, and how and why it is vital to
    humanexistence.
  • Ocean literacy means
  • understanding the
  • consequences of human
  • interaction with the sea.

Life on an Ocean Planet
Chapter 1 Pages 13 to 17
8
The Ocean Planet
  • Why is Ocean Literacy important?
  • It allows you to make responsible decisions
    related to the ocean. Decisions regarding
  • How you vote responsibly.
  • The products and services to buy.
  • Managing and preserving the ocean for our own
    sake and others.

Life on an Ocean Planet
Chapter 1 Pages 13 to 17
9
Thinking About the Process of Science in a
Concept Map
Life on an Ocean Planet
Chapter 1 Pages 16 to 17
10
Defining Your Study
Defining Your Study
Chapter 1 Pages 18 to 1-17
11
Marine Science
  • Marine Science the process of discovering
    facts, processes, and unifying principles that
    explain the nature of the ocean, its associated
    life forms, and how the ocean interacts with
    other earth systems. Marine science is an
    integral part of Earth science.

Defining Your Study
Chapter 1 Pages 18 to 1-10
12
Marine Science
  • Oceanography the science of recording
    anddescribing the oceans contents and
    processes.
  • There are four main branches of oceanography.
  • Biological oceanography studies life in the
    ocean.
  • Chemical oceanography studies the chemistry of
    seawater.
  • Geological oceanography studies the geology of
    the ocean.
  • Physical oceanography studies the physics
    within the marine environment.

Defining Your Study
Chapter 1 Pages 18 to 1-10
13
Marine Science
  • Technology has made marine exploration andits
    associated careers possible. It is
    throughtechnology that true marine exploration
    hasbecome possible.

Defining Your Study
Chapter 1 Pages 18 to 1-10
14
Integrating the Sciences
  • Marine Science draws on research from all three
    of the traditional sciences to understand what is
    observed in the ocean. Marine science is truly an
    interdisciplinary course of study. Most marine
    scientists have training in all three of the
    traditional science disciplines.

Defining Your Study
Chapter 1 Pages 111 to 1-13
15
Integrating the Sciences
  • Marine Science draws from
  • 1. Physical Science study of matter and energy
    and their interactions. Physics and Chemistry.
  • 2. Life Science study of livingthings and
    their interactionswith their environments.
  • 3. Earth and Space Science studyof the
    physical Earth, the solarsystem, the universe
    and theirinterrelationships.

Defining Your Study
Chapter 1 Pages 111 to 1-13
16
Studying Science Itself
  • Marine science involves four study areas beyond
    traditional science disciplines
  • Science as Inquiry applying science as a way of
    solving problems, answering questions.
  • Science and Technology learning how science
    advances technology and viceversa.
  • Science in Personal and Social Perspectives how
    science affects you and society.
  • Historical Nature of Science understanding how
    science evolved as a discipline.

Defining Your Study
Chapter 1 Pages 113 to 1-15
17
Studying Science Itself
  • Situatedness is the explanation of when, where,
    and why a concept came about. It is important to
    marine scientists because in oceanography, they
    may apply established scientific concepts that
    they will never personally demonstrate or
    observe. Situatedness gives scientists some basis
    for judging the validity of scientific concepts.

Defining Your Study
Chapter 1 Pages 113 to 1-15
18
CrossDisciplinary Nature of Marine Science
  • Many sciences, professions, and careers draw on
    basic marine science. These disciplines include
    atmospheric science, astronomy, ecology,
    biomedical research, environmental science, etc.

Defining Your Study
Chapter 1 Pages 158 to 1-16
19
CrossDisciplinary Nature of Marine Science
  • Crossdiscipline areas of study include
  • Math Mathematics is the universallanguage of
    science that helpsyou explain the physical
    nature of the ocean.
  • History A historical review provides insight to
    the past, present, and future of our ocean.
    A historical background provides acontext
    of how and why the study of oceanography has
    changed over time.

Defining Your Study
Chapter 1 Pages 15 to 1-16
20
CrossDisciplinary Nature of Marine Science
  • Crossdiscipline areas of study include
  • Technology Some say technology causes problems,
    some say it increases our knowledge. It is really
    the advances in technology that has made modern
    oceanography possible.

Defining Your Study
Chapter 1 Pages 115 to 1-16
21
CrossDisciplinary Nature of Marine Science
  • Crossdiscipline areas of study include
  • Social Sciences Decisions aboutthe environment
    may affect the lifeof others on the planet.
  • Literature Announcing scientificfindings to
    others requires usingliterary and artistic
    forms.
  • Arts The method of experimentationmay be in
    the form of videography orethnography rather
    than the typicalexperiment.

Defining Your Study
Chapter 1 Pages 115 to 1-16
22
Science, Technology,Society, and You
Science, Technology, Society , and You
Chapter 1 Pages 118 to 134
23
Science - A Definition
  • Science is a body of knowledge and an organized
    method used to gain knowledge about the
    observable universe.

Science, Technology, Society , and You
Chapter 1 Pages 119
24
Technology A Benefit and a Burden
  • A technology is a material system that produces
    intended results or in a general sense, knowledge
    of those systems.
  • Technology has both improved and threatened daily
    life.
  • Benefit health care, transportation,
    communication, agriculture and exploration.
  • Burden issues such as pollution spills and
    overfishing.

Science, Technology, Society , and You
Chapter 1 Pages 119 to 121
25
Technology A Benefit and a Burden
  • There are three broad actions that society can
    take with respect to the effects of science and
    technology on the environment
  • 1. Consider the environment a lost cause and
    disregard the effects.
  • 2. Dismiss the effect as overstated by scientists
    and inconsequential.
  • 3. Prioritize the consequences in developing and
    applying technologies.
  • Without a doubt, the last broad action appears
    the most logical.

Science, Technology, Society , and You
Chapter 1 Pages 119 to 121
26
The Scientific Method
  • The formal, organized steps scientists follow in
    proposing explanations for their observations and
    then testing their explanations are called the
    scientific method.
  • When you apply the scientific method, you apply
    scientific process skills (identifying the
    problem, classifying data, communicating
    findings, interpreting measurements, predicting
    outcomes, and recording data).

Science, Technology, Society, and You
Chapter 1 Pages 122 to 131
27
The Scientific Method
  • The Five Basic Steps to the
  • scientific method include
  • 1. Identify the problem (or question).
  • 2. Make a hypothesis making an educated guess
    you can test about the answer.
  • You use inductive reasoningto propose a process
    that explainsthe facts you observe.
  • You use deductive reasoningto propose what you
    wouldobserve should a known process take place.

Science, Technology, Society, and You
Chapter 1 Pages 122 to 131
28
The Scientific Method
  • The Five Basic Steps to the
  • scientific method include
  • 3. Test the hypothesis.
  • 4. Interpret and analyze results if the data
    supports your hypothesis, you have a theory.
  • 5. Report results, procedures and conclusions.
  • Reporting results is important because it allows
    other scientists to verify your work and
    conclusions, and it allows other scientists to
    build on what youve learned.

Science, Technology, Society, and You
Chapter 1 Pages 122 to 131
29
The Progress of Science
  • Because science is a process, it changes.
  • Science progresses through the revision of
    theories in the light of new evidence or better
    explanations of existing evidence.
  • Just because someone proposes a new theory and
    new evidence, it does not mean things change
    overnight.
  • Scientific progress also has social and
    scientific influences. Often, it takes acceptance
    by prominent scientists with noted credibility
    before the new theory replaces the old.

Science, Technology, Society, and You
Chapter 1 Page 131
30
Staying Current with Science
  • Keeping up with current trends, findings, and
    developments benefit you
  • You can anticipate changes caused by science and
    technology, prepare, and advance your career with
    them or . you can disregard them and spend time
    trying to catch up with those who dont.

Science, Technology, Society, and You
Chapter 1 Pages 132 to 133
31
Staying Current with Science
  • Keeping up with current trends, findings, and
    developments benefit you
  • By being current you can help society handle the
    effects of science.
  • You can base your ethical evaluations, estimates,
    and other potential effects on accurate
    information.
  • You can then vote and voice opinions based on
    reality rather than on misconceptions.

Science, Technology, Society, and You
Chapter 1 Pages 132 to 133
32
How to Learn Marine ScienceMost Efficiently
How to Learn Marine Science Most Efficiently
Chapter 1 Pages 135 to 1-43
33
Study Elements and Visual References
  • There are six basic study elements (units) in
    Life on an Ocean Planet that divide marine
    science into meaningful segments. These units
    are
  • Unit 1 Importance of Ocean Exploration
  • Unit 2 The Foundation of Life in the Ocean
  • Unit 3 A Water World
  • Unit 4 The Motion of the Ocean
  • Unit 5 Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea
  • Unit 6 The Present and Future of the Marine
    Environment

How to Learn Marine Science Most Efficiently
Chapter 1 Page 135 to 1-38
34
Study Elements and Visual References
  • These units cover a broad spectrum of marine
    science fundamentals, which helps you prepare for
    a career in or related to marine science.
  • The six units show you the various marine
    sciences.
  • This covers what related careers involve. One
    goal being to help you find what areas of marine
    science fit best with your interests and desires.
  • Most important, however, is your desire, passion,
    and interest in that career.

How to Learn Marine Science Most Efficiently
Chapter 1 Page 135 to 1-38
35
Study Elements and Visual References
  • Major headings (black) and subheadings (blue)
    divide each chapter. Paying attention to these
    helps to organize the content in your head.

How to Learn Marine Science Most Effectively
Chapter 1 Page 135 to 1-38
36
Study Elements and Visual References
  • Learning Objectives are in green. They are found
    under all subheadings.
  • IMPORTANT as you read, find the answers to each
    of the learning objective questions.

How to Learn Marine Science Most Effectively
Chapter 1 Page 135 to 1-38
37
Study Elements and Visual References
  • Relevant supplement information found in
    sidebars with purple headings.

How to Learn Marine Science Most Effectively
Chapter 1 Page 135 to 1-38
38
Study Elements and Visual References
  • Photos and illustrations are labeled in red.
    These provide important visual information to
    illustrate what youre reading.

How to Learn Marine Science Most Effectively
Chapter 1 Page 135 to 1-38
39
Study Elements and Visual References
  • Quick quiz questions (ARE YOU LEARNING?) are
    found at the end of a main subject division.
    IMPORTANT Make sure you can answer the questions
    from memory before moving on.

How to Learn Marine Science Most Effectively
Chapter 1 Page 135 to 1-38
40
Study Elements and Visual References
  • New Terms You Learned found at the end of each
    chapter.
  • From Chapter One on, these new terms build on
    each other. However, ALL terms are found in the
    Glossary.

How to Learn Marine Science Most Effectively
Chapter 1 Page 135 to 1-38
41
Study Elements and Visual References
  • Chapter in Review questions are found at the end
    of each chapter.

How to Learn Marine Science Most Effectively
Chapter 1 Page 135 to 1-38
42
Study Elements and Visual References
  • End of Chapter, critical thinking questions.
  • Most of these dont have one right answer.
  • Apply information from the Chapter.
  • Respect differing views.
  • Apply original thinking.
  • Be able to defend your answers.

How to Learn Marine Science Most Effectively
Chapter 1 Page 135 to 1-38
43
Learning Effectively withLife on an Ocean Planet
  • Regardless of the subject you want to learn, use
    this study system to remember material from a
    textbook.
  • SQ3R Survey, Question, Read, Recite and
    Review(these are the 3 Rs)

How to Learn Marine Science Most Efficiently
Chapter 1 Pages 138 to 143
44
Learning Effectively withLife on an Ocean Planet
  • Step One Survey
  • Fix the name of the chapter in your mind.
  • Read the marine scientists profile.
  • Scan the entire chapter. Read subheads, look at
    all photos and illustrations, and sidebar titles.
  • Look for italicized new terms.
  • Explore chapters general flow.

How to Learn Marine Science Most Efficiently
Chapter 1 Pages 138 to 143
45
Learning Effectively withLife on an Ocean Planet
  • Step Two Question
  • Question whats in the chapter.
  • Turn each subhead into a question. For example,
    if the subhead is Waters Unique Properties, in
    your mind ASK What are waters unique
    properties?
  • Read all of the subheads study questions printed
    in green italics.

How to Learn Marine Science Most Efficiently
Chapter 1 Pages 138 to 143
46
Learning Effectively withLife on an Ocean Planet
  • Step Three Read
  • This is where most students begin their study
    but if you do, your study will not be as
    effective.
  • AFTER youve completed the first two important
    steps, now read the content within a subhead.
  • Read to answer the green italics study questions.
  • Its best to write down answers to all the study
    questions on a separate piece of paper.

How to Learn Marine Science Most Efficiently
Chapter 1 Pages 138 to 143
47
Learning Effectively withLife on an Ocean Planet
  • Step Four Recite
  • When you find an answer to a Study Question as
    you read, recite it out loud or quietly to
    yourself.
  • Reciting, not just rereading, helps you learn
    much more effectively.

How to Learn Marine Science Most Efficiently
Chapter 1 Pages 138 to 143
48
Learning Effectively withLife on an Ocean Planet
  • Step Five Review
  • Answer the Chapter in Review and Connecting
    Chapter Concepts Science Scenarios questions
    at the end of each chapter.
  • Answer the Marine Science in the Real World
    questions.
  • Review the SciLinks internet reference on a
    topic.
  • Use the laboratory activities and field research
    excursions to further your review.

How to Learn Marine Science Most Efficiently
Chapter 1 Pages 138 to 143
49
Learning Effectively withLife on an Ocean Planet
  • If you want to succeed at anything in life,
    persistence is most important review, review,
    review.
  • Dont read Life on an Ocean Planet like a novel.
    Use the SQ3R study system to learn.
  • Explore all provided references especially
    SciLinks.

How to Learn Marine Science Most Efficiently
Chapter 1 Pages 138 to 143
To access SciLinks, go to www.scilinks.org and
register as a student.
50
Learning Effectively withLife on an Ocean Planet
  • Connect what you learn in this course with other
    courses you are taking.
  • Apply your learning to labs and activities.
  • Follow your curiosity. If you find something
    interesting, explore that topic more fully.

How to Learn Marine Science Most Efficiently
Chapter 1 Pages 138 to 143
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