Human Biology (BIO.103 01 or 02)

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Human Biology (BIO.103 01 or 02)

• Devotion / Prayer
• Human Biology Lab (BIO.103L __ )
• I am Dr. Iclai !!!
• Dr. Input connectedness learner achiever
  intellection
• These are my top 5 strength themes from
  StrengthsFinder . . . . these are how I view and
  interact with the world.
• I am also known as Dr. Robert West
• Science Math Complex 354-B
• 614-8284

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• Textbooks?
• Lab?
• Start Monday (8/27/12) at 10am ?
• Friday (8/31/12) at 1pm
• Bring a 3-ring binder
• Bring 5.00!!!
• Course Web Page?
• go to http//webpages.leeu.edu/rwest/
• Be sure you use

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Human Biology Web Page

• What is the web page address?
• http//webpages.leeu.edu/rwest/
• There is an easier way to get there!
• Go to the Lee University Homepage . . .
• Assignment ?
• Go to Web page . . . . . . . . . .

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Human Biology Web Page

• ASSIGNMENT
• Print 1 copy of Course Syllabus, 2 copies of the
  Course Schedule, 1 completed Student Information
  Form.
• Write your name on each one.
• Turn in the completed Student Information Form at
  our next class for bonus points.
• Keep the Course Syllabus and a copy of the Course
  Schedule for your personal reference and place
  the other Course Schedule in your lab notebook in
  the first lab.
• (Bring to first lab with a 3-ring binder)

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Chapter 1
What helpful features are found in this book? SEE
Textbook inside front cover, Preface
(p.viii), Guided Tour (p.xiv), and read
Chapter 1 (p.1)

• Exploring Life and Science

• Who is this?
• Billy Hanson
• How would you know?
• Only if you read the chapter introduction of the
  previous edition

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Outline

• The Characteristics of Life
• Humans are Related to Other Animals
• Science as a Process (Lab 1)
• Importance of Scientific Theories in Biology
• The Scientific Method Has Steps
• How the Cause of Ulcers was Discovered
• How to do a Controlled Study
• Making Sense of Scientific Study
• Science and Social Responsibility

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CASE STUDY

• Shane and Katie

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Introduction

• Human Biology ?
• comes from bios life and logos word (study
  of)
• so it is the scientific study of life.
• What is life?
• What are the characteristics of life?
• We have met Billy Hanson and the snake.
• Are they both alive? Why?

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Biologically Speaking - Who Are We?

• What are the Characteristics of Life using human
  beings?
• Humans are highly 1organized. (Cell Theory)
• Levels of organization . . . .
• Organism is made of organ systems composed of
  organs, composed of tissues, composed of cells.
  (Transparency)

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The Characteristics of Life

• Humans acquire 2Materials and Energy.
• Humans 3reproduce.
• Humans 4grow and develop. . . . .
• Infancy, childhood, adolescence, adulthood.
• Humans stay just about the same 5Homeostasis
• steady state , balanced state.
• Humans 6respond to stimuli.

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• Finally
• Life has an 7evolutionary history. . . . . . or
• humans adapt or are a product of an evolutionary
  process -
• Theory (Principle) of Evolution.
• Now, ALL the characteristics must be present to
  be alive!
• Now, lets look briefly at this Theory of
  Evolution and why it is significant for us in
  this class.

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Evolution

• What does the word mean?
• Simply change.
• Since the world around us changes, we know that
  evolution occurs . . . Lee, me, you
• Some believe that the first cells arose about 3.5
  billion years ago.
• Classification of living things mirrors theorized
  evolutionary relationships.
• In the Classification System, there are 3
  domains. . . . . . .
• There are 5 kingdoms.

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?
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Kingdom Monera (monerans)
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Humans are Members of the Biosphere or How Do We
Fit In?

• Humans are part of the biosphere and they are
  members of ecosystems because they interact
  within their own populations and within the
  larger community of organisms.
• To understand man and his environment, we must
  understand some basic terms. . . .
• Biosphere?
• That layer where life can exist around the earth.
• Ecosystem?
• Basic types of environments where life exists
  examples?

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• Desert, savannah, tropical rain forest, deciduous
  forest, evergreen forest, coral reef .
• Community?
• A group of organisms that live in the same
  geographical area.
• Population?
• A group of organisms of the same species that
  live in the same geographical area.
• Biodiversity?
• The variety of life in a particular geographical
  area where is it greatest on land, in the water?

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• Tropical rain forest (land) , coral reef
  (water).
• Humans are members of ecosystems.
• Organisms exist in populations that interact
  among themselves and the physical environment.
• Ecosystems are characterized by energy flow and
  chemical cycling.
• Driven by photosynthesis.
• versus respiration.

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Terrestrial Ecosystem
Photo-synthesis (light, to put
together) and Respiration (to make energy)
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Human Threaten the Biosphere

• Humans alter ecosystems to suit there own needs,
  disregarding consequences.
• Planets current biodiversity is estimated
  between 2 and 15 million identified species.
• of different species alive today is the highest
  it has ever been! However . . .
• as human populations increase in size, more
  ecosystems are threatened and rates of extinction
  increase.
• Biodiversity is rapidly declining.
• we are in a biodiversity reduction crisis

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• Loss of biodiversity threatens the stability of
  the entire biosphere because . . . .
• The degrees of interdependence of species are
  not fully known!!!
• Also, humans are dependent on other species for
  food, clothing, medicines, and various raw
  materials.
• So ecosystem preservation is a crucial
  bioethical issue.
• Of special concern is destruction of tropical
  rain forests around the globe.

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Tropical Rain Forests Can We Live Without
Them?

• From a past Ecology Focus

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• Value of Tropical Rain Forests?
• Destruction of the Forests?
• Effects of Destruction?
• Millions of yet discovered species of organisms
  likely live in tropical rain forests.
• Destruction of tropical rain forest results from
  social, economic, and political pressures, and is
  expected to alter world climate.
• These forests can be preserved using sustained
  yield techniques!!!!!!!

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Science as a Process

• How might we define science?
• is the study of the world around us.
• Gods first command ! see Genesis 128
• True science is concerned with information gained
  by observing and testing the natural world.
• It aims to be objective rather than subjective.
• Its conclusions are subject to change as . . . .
  . .
• Progresses from hypothesis ? theory ? law
  (principle).
• Two main characteristics changeable, repeatable.

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The Importance of Scientific Theories in Biology

• Process vs. product . . .
• Process?
• The scientific method.
• Product?
• Knowledge.
• The ultimate goal of science is understanding the
  natural world in terms of scientific theories
  (see Figure, p. 8 of text).
• Evolution is a unifying concept of biology.
• Some biologists elevate evolution to the status
  of a scientific principle.

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The Scientific Method Has Steps

• is a means to find the solution to a problem.
• Scientific Method has steps.
• Observation.
• Hypothesis.
  (inductive reasoning specific to
  general)
• Experimentation.
  (deductive reasoning general to specific)
• Conclusion.
• Support/Fail to support hypothesis.
• Hypothesis can never be proven true.
• Publish Findings.
• Repeatability.

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• inductive reasoning specific to general.

• deductive reasoning general to specific.

• Hypothesis can never be proven true.

• Ultimately publish findings.

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How the Cause of Ulcers Was Discovered

• Be sure to read about this important example on
  page 8 of your textbook.

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How to Do a Controlled Study

• a standard of comparison.
• Test groups vs. control groups.
• Involves experimental variable vs. dependent
  variables.
• How do these terms relate to the experiment
  described the textbook concerning the testing of
  the effectiveness of antibiotics on ulcers?

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Scientific Journals Versus Other Sources of
Information

• What conclusions did you come to after reading
  this section of the textbook?

Making Sense of a Scientific Study

• What kinds of data can be given to support a
  study?
• How does this apply to the study of ulcers by
  Dr. Marshall?
• What else might a reader look for?

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Historical Focus

• The Syphilis Research Scandal of Tuskegee
  University

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Science and Social Responsibility

• Science has improved our lives.
• Science can produce potentially disastrous
  technologies.
• Technology ?
• is the application of scientific knowledge for
  the needs of society.
• Science does not determine whether a particular
  technology is good or bad.
• Ethical and moral use of scientific findings is
  the social responsibility of all people.
• Judgments are subject to change!!!!!

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BIOETHICAL FOCUS

• QUARANTEENED Could this happen to you?

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End of Chapter Material

• Summarizing the Concepts
• Understanding Key Terms
• Testing Your Knowledge of the Concepts
• Thinking Critically About the Concepts
• Online Learning Center (see inside text cover)
• Used with the PowerPoint Outlines, these can all
  be helpful BUT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  . . . . .
• best is Study Tips/Study Questions before each
  chapter in the textbook.