Chapter 11 The Islamic World Section 3: Islamic Civilization

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Chapter 11 - The Islamic WorldSection 3
Islamic Civilization
Muslims who spread Islamic civilization
throughout the world erected glorious mosques and
other buildings
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• The Story Continues
• Islam became more than just a religion. It was
  also a great cultural movement that affected
  virtually every aspect of life within the Islamic
  Empire. As one Muslim saying expressed Islam,
  the government, and the people are like the tent,
  the pole, the ropes, and the pegs. The tent is
  Islam the pole is the government the ropes and
  pegs are the people. None will do without the
  others.

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I. A Culture of Traders

• The Islamic Empire was at the center of a
• world trade network linking Europe, Asia, and
• Africa

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I. A Culture of Traders

• The empire produced quality goods and grew
• wealthy from trade

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II. Government and Society

• The Muslim Empire divided into three
• caliphates Baghdad, Cairo, and Córdoba

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II. Government and Society

• The Quran instructed how society should be
• organized and how people should live

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II. Government and Society

• Slavery was common in Arabia, but the Quran
• urged Muslims to free their slaves

A slave market in Zabid, Yemen, depicted in a
painting from 1237
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II. Government and Society

• The family was the core of Muslim daily life
• each family member had specific roles and
• duties

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II. Government and Society

• The Quran restricted a man to four wives
• women had more rights than under traditional
• Arab law

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II. Government and Society

• The government supported schools and
• libraries - advanced students could attend
• schools of science, math, or law

The Madrasah (Islamic School)
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III. The Sciences

• Arabs adopted the best ideas, customs, and
• institutions from peoples they came in contact
• with

SOME MUSLIM SCIENTISTS1) Ibn an Nafis2) Thabit
ibn Qurra3) Ibn Sina4)Al-Kindi5) Abu al-Qasim
al-Zahrawi6) Muhammad Zakariya ar-Razi7) Ali
Kushji 8) Al-Battani
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III. The Sciences

• Contributions to medicine included surgical
• procedures and instruments, disease
• diagnosis, drugs, and hygiene

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III. The Sciences

• Al-Razi compiled a medical encyclopedia that
• was translated into Latin and used in Europe

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III. The Sciences

• Ibn Sina was among the best known of the
• doctor/scholars he wrote the Canon of
• Medicine

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III. The Sciences

• Astronomers developed a way to accurately
• measure distances, created better maps, and
• improved the Greek astrolabe

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III. The Sciences

• Al-Idrisi sent people to other lands to draw
• geographic features then used their information
• for his maps

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III. The Sciences

• The Muslim number system expressed all
• numbers using only 10 figures, and developed
• algebra

Al-Khwarizmi (c. 780 850) wrote about al-jabr
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IV. The Arts

• Islam forbids the use of images to show God
• artists also avoided showing human or animal
• forms

"And He created the sun and the moon and the
stars, subjected to laws by His bequest. Is not
all creation and its empire His? Blessed be Allah
the Lord of the Worlds"
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IV. The Arts

• Artists created beautiful geometric and floral
• designs calligraphy became the highest
• art form

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IV. The Arts

• Islamic architects built elaborate mosques,
• palaces, marketplaces, and libraries

The Great Mosque of Cordoba
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IV. The Arts

• Authors produced outstanding poetry and
• literature, such as The Thousand and One
• Nights

Persian queen Scheherazade reading to Shahryar
(the Great King)