Developing Nepal’s Strategic Program for Climate Resilience (SPCR)

1
Developing Nepals Strategic Program for Climate
Resilience (SPCR)

• Status of Activities under SPCR Work Program

Drought/Food Security
Landslides/Critical Infrastructure
Flood/Vulnerable Communities
Water Availability/ Health
Livelihoods/ Social Capital
2
Completed

3
Developing Nepals Strategic Program for Climate
Resilience (SPCR)

• Risk Assessment

Drought/Food Security
Landslides/Critical Infrastructure
Flood/Vulnerable Communities
Water Availability/ Health
Livelihoods/ Social Capital
4
Prioritized Risks and Districts by TWG Meeting
(Water and Energy Thematic Working Group)
5
Prioritized Risks and Districts by TWG Meeting
(Climate Induced Disaster)
6
District Level Climate Change Risk Analysis at
Panchthar District
7
Community Level CC Risk Analysis at Imbung
village (Damai Community) Panchthar District
8
District Level CC Risk Analysis at Udayapur
District
9
Community Level Climate Change Risk Analysis at
Asari Village / Community) Udayapur District
10
Risk Prioritization Name of TWG Forest and
Biodiversity
11
Risk Prioritization Name of TWG Agriculture and
Food Security
12
Climate Change Risks - Chitwan

• Water induced disaster (flood, soil erosion/ land
  cutting)/
• Agricultural productivity declining (pest, weed,
  diseases and drought/lack of water)/ declining
  food security
• Ecosystem (including wetland) degradation in
  Chure and foothill of Mahabharat range (increased
  invasive species, siltation)
• Declining water resources (ground water and
  spring)
• Health epidemics (e.g. fever and Dengue)

13
Climate Change Risks - Sindhupalchowk

• Drought/ reduced agricultural productivity mainly
  from shifting monsoon rain (late) /water spring
  drying/ food security
• Floods and landslides/soil erosion
• Increased frequency of diseases/ emergence of
  diseases all round the year in human, animal and
  plant
• Forest fires/Ecological shifting

14
Climate Change Risks Dhotar, Shindhupalchowk(do
wnstream)

• Agricultural production decreased (due to lack of
  water/drought)/ food security
• Water sources drying up/ floods
• Increased plant and animal diseases / emergence
  of new weeds (in every 4-5 years)
• Forest fire

15
Climate Change Risks Kiul/Helambu,
Sindhupalchowk(upstream)

• Reduced agricultural productivity (both quantity
  and quality)/ food security
• Increased plant diseases (crops and NTFPs/MAPs)
• Low productivity of medicinal and aromatic plants
  (MAPs)
• Increased numbers of landslides

NTFPs Non Timber Forest Products MAP Medicinal
and Aromatic Plant
16
Climate Change Risks Gardi/Madi,
Chitwan(downstream)

• Floods from Riu Khola
• increased infestation of insect and diseases /
  food security
• Water scarcity (drought and drying out of
  springs) and water quality degradation

17
Risks Shaktikhor, Chitwan(upstream)

• Increased infestation of insect and diseases
  (decreased crop production)/ food security
• Increased soil erosion from sloped land (from
  Chepang community)
• Decreased forest food products (e.g. Chiuri and
  Mango)/food security
• Declining water sources (drying out of spring and
  competition of using water for irrigation,
  drinking water and livestock)

18
Prioritisation of Risks (Urban Settlement and
Infrastructure)

Drought/Food Security
Landslides/Critical Infrastructure
Flood/Vulnerable Communities
Water Availability/ Health
Livelihoods/ Social Capital
19
Prioritisation of Risks (Health)

Drought/Food Security
Landslides/Critical Infrastructure
Flood/Vulnerable Communities
Water Availability/ Health
Livelihoods/ Social Capital
20
District Consultation

Drought/Food Security
Landslides/Critical Infrastructure
Flood/Vulnerable Communities
Water Availability/ Health
Livelihoods/ Social Capital
21
Community Consultation

Drought/Food Security
Landslides/Critical Infrastructure
Flood/Vulnerable Communities
Water Availability/ Health
Livelihoods/ Social Capital
22
Community Consultation

Drought/Food Security
Landslides/Critical Infrastructure
Flood/Vulnerable Communities
Water Availability/ Health
Livelihoods/ Social Capital
23
Key Messages from Field Consultations

• Emergency shelter needed in landslide and flood
  prone areas
• Micro-financing / soft loan / insurance is
  needed.
• Water source conservation (integrated watershed
  management) / water sharing national policy are
  needed.
• Integrated ecosystem (water-agriculture-forest)
  approach to combat climate change risks is
  needed.
• Improved risk management for infrastructure
  (guidelines to construct local road, and extract
  sand gravel from river bed) is needed
• Improve connectivity (small road, bridge,
  culvert, boat) to have an immediate access to
  safe sites/hospitals/ schools/food security, and
  early warning system to better inform climate
  change risk management.

24
Developing Nepals Strategic Program for Climate
Resilience (SPCR)

• Adaptive Capacity Assessment
• Sectoral

Drought/Food Security
Landslides/Critical Infrastructure
Flood/Vulnerable Communities
Water Availability/ Health
Livelihoods/ Social Capital
25
Adaptive Capacity Urban Settlement and
Infrastructure
26
Adaptive Capacity Assessment Public Health
27
Adaptive Capacity Assessment Water and Energy
28
Adaptive Capacity Assessment Climate Induced
Disaster
29
Adaptive Capacity Assessment Agriculture and
Food Security
30
Adaptive Capacity Assessment Forestry and
Biodiversity
31

• Some Observations
• Increased social conflict and forced migration
  (not visible though) due to water resources
  drying/declining
• Drought/increased pest/weeds increased food
  insecurity
• Upstream downstream relation
• Social /farmers security systems
• Connectivity to basic services
• Community based disaster preparedness plan
  developed but insufficient resources to implement
  
• Proposed Interventions
• Water source protections
• Food security
• Churia area conservation and management
• Ecosystems based adaptation/management/
  (approach payment for environment services)
• Support community based disaster preparedness

32
Developing Nepals Strategic Program for Climate
Resilience (SPCR)

• National Adaptive Capacity Assessment
• To be Finalised with TWGs

Drought/Food Security
Landslides/Critical Infrastructure
Flood/Vulnerable Communities
Water Availability/ Health
Livelihoods/ Social Capital
33
Developing Nepals Strategic Program for Climate
Resilience (SPCR)

• Definition of Priority Needs/ Investments

Drought/Food Security
Landslides/Critical Infrastructure
Flood/Vulnerable Communities
Water Availability/ Health
Livelihoods/ Social Capital
34
SUMMARY OF PRIORITY RISKS

• Water Quantity and Quality (Extreme Events and
  Climate Variability)
• Food Security (Extreme Events and Climate
  Variability)
• Human Health (Extreme Events and Climate
  Variability)
• Ecosystem Health (Climate Variability)

Drought/Food Security
Landslides/Critical Infrastructure
Flood/Vulnerable Communities
Water Availability/ Health
Livelihoods/ Social Capital
35
SPCR Interventions to Address Priority Risks

• Water Quantity and Quality
• Upgrading of Department of Hydrology and
  Meteorology (DHM) services to monitor water
  quantity/ quality and provide early information
  to establish early warning systems Recommended
  in NCSA/NAPA
• Integrated Watershed Management within priority
  river system - Recommended in NAPA

Drought/Food Security
Landslides/Critical Infrastructure
Flood/Vulnerable Communities
Water Availability/ Health
Livelihoods/ Social Capital
36
SPCR Interventions to Address Priority Risks

• 2. Food Security (Extreme Events and Climate
  Variability)
• Remote Community Connectivity to upgrade
  road/telephone communications and emergency
  shelters to facilitate access to emergency
  shelters, agricultural services, irrigation
  technology and markets for agricultural
  products/goods/service - Recommended in NAPA
• Establish micro-finance and micro-insurance for
  vulnerable farmers, communities and households -
  Recommended in NCSA

Drought/Food Security
Landslides/Critical Infrastructure
Flood/Vulnerable Communities
Water Availability/ Health
Livelihoods/ Social Capital
37
SPCR Interventions to Address Priority Risks

• 3. Human Health (Extreme Events and Climate
  Variability)
• Integrated Watershed Management within priority
  river system to address risks from flood,
  pollution and water/vector-borne disease -
  Recommended in NAPA
• Build/enhance capacity and improve coordination
  for climate change risk management - Recommended
  in NCSA and NAPA

Drought/Food Security
Landslides/Critical Infrastructure
Flood/Vulnerable Communities
Water Availability/ Health
Livelihoods/ Social Capital
38
SPCR Interventions to Address Priority Risks

• 4. Ecosystem Health (Climate Variability)
• a. Integrated Ecosystem Management to enhance
  resilience of natural ecosystems - Recommended
  in NAPA

Drought/Food Security
Landslides/Critical Infrastructure
Flood/Vulnerable Communities
Water Availability/ Health
Livelihoods/ Social Capital
39
SUMMARY OF PROPOSED SPCR INTERVENTIONS

• Integrated Watershed Management within priority
  river system to address risks from flood,
  pollution and water/vector-borne disease -
  Recommended in NAPA
• Upgrading of Department of Hydrology and
  Meteorology (DHM) services to monitor water
  quantity/quality and provide early information to
  establish early warning systems Recommended in
  NCSA/NAPA

Drought/Food Security
Landslides/Critical Infrastructure
Flood/Vulnerable Communities
Water Availability/ Health
Livelihoods/ Social Capital
40
SUMMARY OF PROPOSED SPCR INTERVENTIONS

• 3. Build/enhance capacity and improve
  coordination for climate change risk management
• establish Climate Change Risk Management
  Facilitation Unit within MOE and climate change
  risk management capacity within key institutions
  (including PAF, Road Board, Water Board, etc) and
  at sectoral, district, community and municipal
  levels and within the private sector (Source
  NCSA).
• Financing Long-term Resilience Measures -
  establish sustainable financing to provide the
  necessary resources that support short, medium
  and long-term resiliency measures (Source NCSA).

Drought/Food Security
Landslides/Critical Infrastructure
Flood/Vulnerable Communities
Water Availability/ Health
Livelihoods/ Social Capital
41
SUMMARY OF PROPOSED SPCR INTERVENTIONS
/continued

• 4. Remote Community Connectivity - upgrade
  road/telephone communications and emergency
  shelters to facilitate access to emergency
  shelters, agricultural services, irrigation
  technology and markets for agricultural
  products/goods/service - Recommended in NAPA
• 5. Establish micro-finance and micro-insurance
  for vulnerable farmers, communities and
  households - Recommended in NCSA
• 6. Integrated Ecosystem Management in
  vulnerable area to enhance resilience of natural
  ecosystems - Recommended in NAPA

Drought/Food Security
Landslides/Critical Infrastructure
Flood/Vulnerable Communities
Water Availability/ Health
Livelihoods/ Social Capital
42
SUMMARY OF PROPOSED SPCR INTERVENTIONS
/continued

• PPCR TA Enhance/Strengthen Fiduciary
  Management Capacity of Ministry of Environment
  (MOE)

Drought/Food Security
Landslides/Critical Infrastructure
Flood/Vulnerable Communities
Water Availability/ Health
Livelihoods/ Social Capital
43
DISCUSSION
Drought/Food Security
Landslides/Critical Infrastructure
Flood/Vulnerable Communities
Water Availability/ Health
Livelihoods/ Social Capital