The Civil War

1
The Civil War

• Please take out Focus 18 Road to Secession we
  will complete it first before moving on to the
  Civil War. Turn in H11 asap.
• If you have any make-up work for the Young
  Republic unit or a late exhibit, please turn it
  in to the box on the back table. Sign up for the
  unit test retake today (sign-up is on the cart).
• If you still need to complete the answer form for
  the take-home quiz (4), please take out your
  copy of the quiz and a 2 pencil.
• We will
• compare advantages and disadvantages of the
  North and South during the Civil War
• identify and describe major events related to
  the war

2
John Browns Raid on Harpers Ferry

• John Brown led a group of radicals who attempted
  to take over the Harpers Ferry federal armory in
  October 1859 to prepare for an armed slave revolt
• The raid was unsuccessful and resulted in Browns
  capture and trial he was hung on December 2,
  1859
• Southerners suspected that Brown had been funded
  and encouraged by Northern abolitionists
• Was Brown a hero or a madman?

3
John Brown Terrorist or Martyr?http//10.120.2.4
1/SAFARI/montage/play.php?keyindex119374location
005849filetypeid7

• If it is deemed necessary that I should forfeit
  my life for the furtherance of the ends of
  justice, and mingle my blood further with the
  blood of my children and with the blood of
  millions in this slave country whose rights are
  disregarded by wicked, cruel, and unjust
  enactments-I submit so let it be done. -- John
  Brown, speaking on November 2, 1859 during his
  sentencing
• I, John Brown, am now quite certain that the
  crimes of this guilty land will never be purged
  away but with blood.
• -- John Brown, in a note left before his
  execution on December 2, 1859

4
The Election of 1860

• Growing tensions over Bleeding Kansas, the Dred
  Scott decision, and Browns raid contributed to
  one of the most divisive national elections in
  American history
• The Republicans nominated Abraham Lincoln to run
  as a moderate who appealed to free-soil and
  anti-slavery forces he beat out the Republican
  front-runner, Senator William Seward of New York,
  who was considered too controversial
• The Democrats split over the issue of slavery
  Southern Democrats rejected Stephen Douglas as
  too moderate on the issue of slavery and
  nominated John Breckenridge of Kentucky Northern
  Democrats nominated Douglas
• More moderate Southerners, who wanted to preserve
  national unity, created the Constitutional Union
  Party and nominated John Bell of Tennessee

5
Election results Who won and why? Why did this
election contribute directly to Southern
secession?
6
Focus 19 North vs. South

• Take 20 minutes to complete Parts I and II. Use
  the textbook maps in Chapter 11 as a guide for
  the maps. You will only need one colored pencil
  to shade in the border states
• You may work with your table team.
• If you still need to fill out the Quiz 4
  Scantron, please take a few minutes to do that
  now and turn in both the quiz and Scantron when
  you are done.
• This is also the time to sign up for a retake
  test you must be eligible to do so.

7
Northern (Union) Advantages

• larger population (22 million vs. 9 million)
• possessed 91 of national industry and 71 of all
  railway mileage
• controlled most of the naval fleet
• Abraham Lincolns leadership committed to
  preserving the Union by using his full executive
  powers, great orator and student of human nature
• very capable Cabinet officers, including Seward,
  Stanton, Welles, and Chase
• fought to preserve the Union and (by the end of
  the war) end slavery
• able to raise money through income taxes, bond
  sales, and national banks
• issuance of greenbacks kept the money supply
  growing/flowing
• clear overall strategy for defeating the enemy -
  Anaconda Plan

8
Southern (Confederate) Advantages

• high morale, fighting for independence and
  rights The Cause
•  
• fought on home turf, knowledge of the terrain
• large territory (over 1,000 miles from Virginia
  to Texas) provided strategic depth
• better military leadership (Lee, Jackson),
  especially early on in the conflict
•  
•  foreign sympathy due to British and French
  dependency on cotton, cotton diplomacy
•  

9
Northern (Union) Disadvantages

• could only win by fully defeating and occupying
  the enemys territory
• active opposition to the war Copperhead
  politicians and draft riots
• inept military leadership at the start of the war

10
Southern (Confederate) Disadvantages

• very little industry and limited railway mileage
•  
• smaller population (9 million, 3 million of whom
  were slaves)
• limited financial and naval forces
•  
• experienced food shortages and high rates of
  inflation

11
North vs. South
http//10.120.2.41/SAFARI/montage/play.php?frompag
eplaykeyindex118662location005849chapterskey
index384150sceneclipskeyindex-1
12
Before we leave

• Remember to sign up for the Young Republic unit
  test retake (offered Monday and Wednesday before
  and after school) if you wish to do so.
• Turn in Homework 11
• Turn in your exhibit materials if you have not
  already done so last day to turn in an exhibit
  or current unit materials is Friday, Jan. 17.