The New Building Codes: How Does This Affect My Space

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The New Building Codes How Does This Affect My
Space?

• Massachusetts Energy Code Summary
• Prepared for
• IFMA
• By

Building Engineering Resources 28 Main Street,
3A North Easton, MA 02356 Ber_at_ber-engineering.com
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• 780 CMR 13 The Massachusetts Energy code
• Envelope criteria
• HVAC systems
• Elevators
• Electrical systems
• LEED program

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1301 Administrative

• All new commercial buildings must meet energy
  efficiency requirements of chapter 13.
• All additions must meet energy efficiency
  requirements of chapter 13.
• Existing systems and portions of buildings are
  exempt unless the systems are to be replaced or
  extended into the new addition.

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• Energy code takes effect for all buildings
  permitted after June 30, 2001.
• Permit submittals will require a mandatory
  checklist and a written systems description
  report.
• Systems report will require a combined effort
  between the architect and the engineer
• 1. Design Intent (type of construction,
  building usage, special requirements)
• 2. Basis of Design (HVAC Electrical
  parameters)
• 3. Sequence of Operation (HVAC, Elec, F.P.)
• 4. Systems Description (general systems
  overview)
• 5. Testing (describe what tests are required)
• 6. Operation and Maintenance Manuals
  (requirement for submittal)
• 7. Record Drawings (requirement for submittal)

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• At completion of the system installation, the
  Certificate of Occupancy requires
• 1. Engineers affadavit for installation
  compliance
• 2. Written confirmation from the building owner
  that record drawings were received.
• 3. Written confirmation from the owner that O
  M manuals were received.

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1303 Design Conditions

• Building indoor design conditions
• heating 72 F
• cooling 78 F
• Exterior design conditions based on
  county/climate zone per chapter 13 (not ASHRAE).
  Chapter 13 divides the state into 3 temperature
  zones.
• Zone heating cooling
  wet bulb
• 12a 9 86 74
• Taunton 5 86 75
• Fall River 5 84 74
• 13a 7 87 74
• Boston 6 88 75
• Gloucester 2 86 75
• 14a -1
  86 73
• Worcester 0 84 73
• Springfield -5 87 75

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1304 Envelope

• Use prescriptive criteria (1304 1308) unless
• building is 4 or more stories
• windows greater than 50 of gross wall area
• skylights greater than 50 of gross roof area
• Use Comcheck-EZ software (1309) systems
  analysis and trade off options for interior
  system design
• Envelope criteria specifies insulation minimum R
  values, door and window U values, air barrier
  requirements and vapor barrier requirements.
• Building envelope must be air tight to reduce
  pressurization requirements.
• All exterior openings require an automatic
  shut-off device.

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1305 HVAC

• Outdoor design based on chapter 13 not ASHRAE
• Minimum equipment efficiency listed in chapter 13
  must be stated on equipment schedules and
  reported on shop drawings
• Thermostats must have a programmable shut-down,
  set-back, over-ride and 5 F deadband (setback
  required for non-unitary equipment).
• Outdoor air must be ducted to ceiling mounted fan
  coil units and heat pumps.
• Economizers required over 5 tons.

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• 2 pipe change-over requires 15 F deadband
  (outdoor air), min. 4 hour operation prior to
  change-over, 30 F limit on loop water temp
  differential prior to change-over
• Heat pumps require 20 F loop water deadband,
  automatic by-pass control at the cooling tower
• Ventilation systems over 3,000 cfm or with
  occupancy greater than 100 person per 1,000
  sq.ft. must have demand control ventilation
• Exhaust systems 5,000 cfm and larger must have
  energy recovery system
• Kitchen exhaust over 5,000 cfm must have 50
  make-up air
• Fume hood exhaust 15,000 cfm or larger must have
  fan speed control or direct make-up at 75 total
  exhaust air quantity

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Elevators and the Energy Code
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Elevator Machine Room

• Machine rooms to be maintained between 50 and 90
  degrees.
• Machine room vent to be 12 x 12 or 1 of
  machine room floor area, which ever is greater.
  Typically the vent opening will be the 12 x 12.
• Vent to the hoistway, located at the ceiling of
  the machine room, if the machine room is no more
  than 10 feet from the hoistway.
• Ducted vents need to be 2 hour rated, fan
  assisted and connected to a generator.
• If air conditioning is required, the A/C unit can
  not be located in the machine room.

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Elevator Shaft Vent

• Top of shaft to have a 3 square foot minimum
  vent, per shaft, or 3 ½ of hoistway. Vent to be
  no more than 2 feet below the top of the
  hoistway.
• Vents can be directly to the outside or ducted by
  a 2 hour rated duct.
• Horizontal ducted system is to be fan forced,
  connected to a generator and activated by smoke
  detectors.
• Vent to terminate in a louver/glass assembly of
  which one third must be louvered, two thirds
  glass.
• Bottom of exterior louvered vent to be minimum 3
  feet above the roof.
• Louvered vent to have a motorized damper
  activated by
• thermostat set at 90 degrees
• loss of building power
• fire alarm, shuts power to the elevator

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Fire Protection

• Currently sprinklers are not required in the
  hoistway.
• If the code changes and sprinklers are again
  required, the elevator pit will require a sump
  for a sump pump. The pump would be a Stancor
  oil/water separating pump.

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1308 Lighting Systems

• Complete and sign lighting compliance certificate
  and mandatory checklist
• Exempt lighting emergency lighting, lighting in
  living units of residential buildings, exterior
  grounds lighting not connected to building,
  required health or life safety lighting and gas
  lighting systems

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1308.2 Lighting Control

• Automatic shutoff for interior lighting in
  buildings larger than 5000 sq ft on either of
• Scheduled basis with independent schedule for no
  more than 25,000 sq ft but not more than one
  floor (timeclock)
• Or occupant sensor off within 30 minutes of
  unoccupied space (occupancy sensor)
• Or occupant intervention (crank timer)
• Former code required switch for 750 sq ft 1500
  sq ft _at_ 120V 277V

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1308.2 Exceptions

• Lighting intended for 24 hour operation
• Corridors, hallways, stairways, lobbies required
  for means of egress, restrooms,
  mechanical/electrical rooms
• If automatic devices are used (in spaces above)
  they shall not reduce light levels prescribed in
  1024.0 (means of egress lighting)

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1308.2.2 Space Control

• Each space enclosed with ceiling height
  partitions shall have at least one control device
  activated manually or automatically
• Control a maximum of 2500 sq ft for a space of
  10,000 sq ft or less and a maximum of 10,000 sq
  ft area for a space of greater than 10,000 sq ft
• Override for no more than 2 hours and readily
  accessible so the occupant can see the controlled
  lighting

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1308.2.2 Exception

• Remote location of control device shall be
  permitted for reasons of safety or security when
  it has an indicator pilot light as part of or
  next to the control device and it shall be
  clearly labeled to identify the controlled
  lighting

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1308.2.3 Uniform Reduction

• Each perimeter office space enclosed by ceiling
  height partitions shall have a manual control to
  reduce the lighting load by at least 50
• Exception spaces with automatic daylighting
  controls
• Bi-level manual switching or dimming control may
  be used

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1308.2.4 Additional Control

• Separate controls are required for
• Display/accent lighting
• Case lighting
• Task lighting
• Non-visual lighting (plant growth or food
  warming)
• Demonstration lighting
• Hotel and motel guest rooms shall have a master
  control device at main room entry for all
  permanent fixtures and switched receptacles

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1308.2.5 Exterior Lighting Control

• Automatic control by photosensor or astronomical
  time switch than can shut off exterior lighting
  when sufficient daylight is available or the
  lighting is not required
• Recommendation is
• Photocell on, timeclock off

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1308.6.2.1Building Area Calc

• Only used for projects involving entire building
  or separate occupancy in multi-occupancy building

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Table 1308.6.2.1 Building Area MethodSelective
Values

• Hospital 1.6 w/sq ft
• Library 1.5 w/sq ft
• Manufacturing 2.2 w/sq ft
• Office 1.3 w/sq ft
• Parking Garage 0.3 w/sq ft
• School/University 1.5 w/sq ft
• Warehouse 1.2 w/sq ft

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1308.6.2.2 Space by Space Calc

• Tradeoffs are permitted between spaces only
• Table 1308.6.2.2 Space by Space Selective Values
• Conference 1.5 w/sq ft
• Lobby 1.8 w/sq ft
• Office enclosed 1.5 w/sq ft
• Office open plan 1.3 w/sq ft
• Laboratory 1.8 w/sq ft
• Library stacks 1.9 w/sq ft
• Garage parking area pedestrian 0.2 w/sq ft

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Table 1308.7 Exceptions

• Signal, Directional, Marker lighting with
  separate control device
• Registered Historic Landmarks with separate
  control device
• Advertising Signage with separate control device

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Electrical Points of InterestMain Electric Rooms

• Room must have (2) means of egress (or double the
  working space) if equipment is rated 1200amps and
  Board is 6 feet long or greater
• Doors must have panic hardware and swing out of
  room
• Room must be 2 hr fire rated if sprinklers are
  deleted and the building is fully sprinklered
  (per NFPA 13)
• Code clearances must be maintained 3 ft for
  120/208v and 3-1/2 ft for 277/480v
• Keep all foreign systems out of the room
• Dedicated space vs. dedicated room

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Emergency Generators

• Required in high-rise bldgs, hospitals, etc.
• Required if supporting large loads such as fire
  pump, elevators, smoke evac systems, etc.
• Can support Life Safety loads and other loads
• Code requires separate transfer switches for Life
  Safety loads and other non-critical loads
• Typically a generator is (2) times larger than
  UPS load or the largest across-the-line motor
  plus all other loads

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LEED Program
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LEED Program

• GREEN Design
• Environmental Benefits
• reduce destruction of natural resources
  (habitats)
• reduce air pollution, water pollution and solid
  waste
• Economic Benefit
• more efficient buildings, lower energy cost
  (lower operating cost)
• reuse/recycle components
• Health Safety Benefits
• better indoor air quality
• it is the right thing to do

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• 5 Categories, 7 prerequisites, 32 potential
  opportunities, 69 potential points
• Sustainable Sites 22
• Water Efficiency 8
• Energy Atmosphere 27
• Materials Resources 20
• Indoor Environmental 23
• LEED Levels
• 26 32 points LEED certified
• 33 38 points Silver Level
• 39 51 points Gold Level
• 52 points Platinum Level

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Sustainable Sites

• Prerequisite Erosion Sedimentation Control
• reduce storm water runoff per EPA guidelines
• Credit 1 Site Selection
• avoid development on inappropriate site
• Credit 2 Development Density
• develop in urban areas that have infrastructure
• Credit 3 Brownfield Redevelopment
• rehabilitate damaged sites
• Credit 4 Alternative Transportation
• reduce pollution from automobile use
• Credit 5 Reduced Site Disturbance
• conserve existing natural resources
• Credit 6 Stormwater Management
• minimize storm water runoff/treat storm water
  runoff
• Credit 7 Reduce Heat Islands
• reduce thermal gradient between developed and
  undeveloped
• Credit 8 Light Pollution Reduction
• lower light levels

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Water Efficiency

• Credit 1 Water Efficient Landscaping
• limit use of potable water for landscape
  irrigation
• Credit 2 Innovative Wastewater Technologies
• reduce generation of wastewater and potable
  water demand
• Credit 3 Waster Use Reduction
• maximize water efficiency within buildings

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Energy Atmosphere

• Prerequisite Fundamental Building Systems
  Commissioning
• Verify that building systems are installed and
  calibrated to operate as intended third party
  commissioning
• Prerequisite Minimum Energy Performance
• comply with minimum efficiency of local codes
• Prerequisite CFC Reduction
• use zero CFC components of refrigeration
• Credit 1 Optimize Energy Performance
• energy analysis to reduce energy below baseline
  code standards
• Credit 2 Renewable Energy
• on-site renewable self-supply
  (wind/solar/geo-thermal)
• Credit 3 Additional Commissioning
• design, construction and post occupancy reviews
• Credit 4 Ozone Depletion
• no HCFCs
• Credit 5 Measurement and Verification
• control system to monitor efficient systems
• Credit 6 Green Power
• purchase power from renewable sources

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Materials And Resources

• Prerequisite Storage and Collection of
  Recyclables
• facilitate recycling
• Credit 1 Building Reuse
• reuse existing buildings structure and shell
• Credit 2 Construction Waste Management
• recycle/reuse construction debris building
  and site debris
• Credit 3 Resource Reuse
• use salvaged, refurbished or reused materials
• Credit 4 Recycled Content
• use recycled materials
• Credit 5 Local/Regional Materials
• use materials manufactured locally
• Credit 6 Rapidly renewable Materials
• use rapidly renewable materials
• Credit 7 Certified Wood
• use environmentally responsible forest
  management wood products

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Indoor Environmental Quality

• Prerequisite Minimum IAQ Performance
• meet ventilation rates of ASHRAE 62-1999
• Prerequisite Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS)
  Control
• prohibition of smoking or designated smoking
  room
• Credit 1 Carbon Dioxide Monitoring
• install carbon dioxide monitoring
• Credit 2 Ventilation Effectiveness
• provide effective delivery of fresh air
• Credit 3 Construction IAQ Management Plan
• protect building materials from moisture/flush
  out prior to occupancy
• Credit 4 Low-Emitting Materials
• limit VOC content of materials
• Credit 5 Indoor Chemical Pollution Source
  Control
• minimize cross-contamination of storage areas
  and occupied areas
• Credit 6 Controllability of Systems
• provide high level of individual thermal,
  ventilation and light control
• Credit 7 Thermal Comfort
• temperature and humidity monitoring
• Credit 8 Daylight Views

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Innovation Design

• The design team provides a written approach to
  the LEED process with the design intent, proposed
  compliance, proposed submittals to demonstrate
  compliance.
• Design team works together architect, engineer,
  owner, contactor
• Design team is LEED certified