Bellwork 12-9-14 Answer on a sheet of notebook paper!

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Bellwork 12-9-14Answer on a sheet of notebook
paper!

• Which organ system exchanges oxygen and carbon
  dioxide between the body and the external
  environment?
• A muscular
• B immune
• C digestive
• D respiratory

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Need to Know

• Explain one benefit and one harmful effect of
  inflammation in our bodies organ systems. Use
  complete sentences and cite evidence from the
  text to explain your answer.

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Objectives

• Explain the basic functions of a major organ
  system. (SPI0707.1.3)
• 42. Nervous and Endocrine Systems (one page)

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Nervous System (pg. 282-295)

• The nervous system acts as the bodys central
  command post.
• Two basic functions
• Gather and interpret information from inside your
  body and from the world outside.
• Respond to that information as needed.
• Two parts of the nervous system
• Central nervous system (CNS)- brain and spinal
  cord
• Peripheral nervous system (PNS)- connects all
  parts of the body to the CNS and uses nerves to
  carry information between your body and the CNS.

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Nervous System (pg. 282-295)

• Peripheral Nervous System
• Messages about your environment travel through
  the nervous system along neurons.
• A neuron is a nerve cell that is specialized to
  transfer messages in the form of fast-moving
  electrical energy or impulses.

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Nervous System (pg. 282-295)

• Peripheral Nervous System
• A nerve is a collection of nerve fibers (axons)
  through which impulses travel between the CNS and
  the other parts of the body.

A message from the brain travels down the spinal
cord, then along the axon of a motor neuron
inside a nerve to the muscle. The message makes
the muscle contract.
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Nervous System (pg. 282-295)

• Central Nervous System
• The brain is the mass of nerve tissue that is the
  main control center of the nervous system.
• Three main parts of the brain
• Cerebrum- largest part of the brain where you
  think and where most memories are stored
  controls voluntary movements and allows you to
  sense touch, light, sound, etc.
• Cerebellum- second largest part of the brain that
  allows the brain to keep track of your bodys
  position, such as balance.
• Medulla- connects to your spinal cord and
  controls involuntary processes, such as blood
  pressure and heart rate.

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Nervous System (pg. 282-295)

• Central Nervous System
• The spinal cord carries information to and from
  the brain.
• Vertebrae protect the spinal cord.

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• BrainPop- Nervous

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Endocrine System (pg. 296-299)

• The endocrine system is a collection of glands
  and groups of cells that secrete hormones that
  regulate growth, development, and homeostasis.
• A gland is a group of cells that make special
  chemicals for the body.
• A hormone is a chemical messenger that flows
  through the bloodstream to all parts of the body.
  
• Epinephrine (adrenaline) is released from the
  adrenal gland, which increases your heartbeat and
  breathing rate.
• When you are frightened, angry, or excited, this
  fight-or-flight response prepares you to fight
  the danger or run from it.

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• BrainPop- Endocrine

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Drawings

• For each body system, draw and color at least one
  organ that belongs in that body system.
• For example
• Nervous System brain, spinal cord, nerves
• Endocrine System the different glands
• Use your textbook pictures or the sample sheet in
  the folder at your group.

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Human Body Books
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Interesting Facts

• Nervous System
• Male canaries sing a new song every year. Male
  canaries replace old brain cells related to song
  production with new neurons each spring. In the
  spring, the brain-cell clusters associated with
  vocalization grow larger. So, males compose their
  new melodies and females learn to recognize the
  males by their new songs.
• Long-term memory enables us to recall events that
  happened to us long ago. These memories can be
  triggered by a stimulus, such as a song or a
  smell, or they can be deliberately recalled.
  Recalling memories helps us to refresh them and
  makes them last a lifetime.
• Fainting is often caused by suddenly low blood
  pressure and insufficient blood flow to the
  cerebrum.

• Endocrine System
• Epinephrine occurs naturally in the body, but it
  is also administered as a drug by doctors. It can
  be injected into the heart to help revive a
  person who has suffered from a heart attack.
• The pancreas makes two different hormones,
  insulin and glucagon. If the pancreas does not
  make enough insulin, the person will have a
  condition called diabetes.
• Another hormone imbalance is when a childs
  pituitary gland doesnt make enough growth
  hormone.