1. empire

1
1. empire

• An extended area under centralized control.

2
2. civilization

• When a man achieves the milestone of record
  keeping and a writing system.

3
3. Reform

• An improved state with the same existing
  structure.

4
4. Retro

• To do again by bringing back from the past.

5
5.Revolution

• Rapid change.

6
6. Reaction

• A response to some stimulus.

7
7. Imperialism

• The extension of a nations power over other
  lands.

8
8. Militarism

• Solving problem by force.

9
9. Nationalism

• The unique cultural identity of a people based on
  common language, religion, and national symbol.

10
10. Great War

• World War 1 (1914-1919).

11
11. 20th Century

• 1900-1999.

12
12. 21st Century

• 2000-2099.

13
13. Triple Alliance

• This alliance, formed in 1882, consisted of
  Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy (Central
  Powers).

14
14. Triple Entente

• This alliance, formed in 1907, consisted of Great
  Britain, Russia, and France.

15
15. Conscription

• A military draft.

16
16. Serbia

• By 1914, they were determined to create a large,
  independent Slavic state in the Balkans. This is
  where WW1 started.

17
17. Archduke Francis Ferdinand

• The heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary. He was
  assassinated on June 28, 1914.

18
18. Gavrilo Princip

• A 19-year old Bosnian Serb, succeeded in fatally
  shooting both the archduke and his wife. This was
  the spark that started WW I.

19
19 William II

• Emperor of Germany during WWI

20
20. Czar Nicholas II

• He ordered mobilization of the Russian army
  against Austria-Hungary. He was the last of the
  Romanov dynasty to rule Russia.

21
21. Mobilization

• The process of assembling troops and supplies and
  making them ready for war.

22
22. General Alfred von Schlieffen

• He Drew up plans to quickly strike France and
  then turn Germanys attention towards Russia.

23
23. Lusitania

• The British were blamed of using this ship, also
  known as the floating palace, to carry
  ammunition and other war supplies across the
  Atlantic. It was sunk by the Germans and provoked
  the U.S entry into the war

24
24. Propaganda

• Ideas spread to influence public opinion for or
  against a cause.

25
25. Trench Warfare

• A type of warfare that involves ditches protected
  by barded wire.

26
26. U Boats

• Also known as submarines

27
27. War of Attrition

• War based on wearing the other side down by
  constant attacks on heavy losses.

28
28. Gallipoli

• Southwest of Constantinople, battle between the
  Ottoman and the allies. 40 north,30 east.

29
29. Lawrence of Arabia

• A British officer who urged Arab princes to
  revolt against ottoman overlords.

30
30. Total War

• This involves a complete mobilization of
  resources and people.

31
31. Limited War

• A conflict that has certain goal using partial
  resources

32
32. Guerilla Warfare

• Surprise attacks ,run and hide

33
33. Terrorism

• Random acts of violence against civilians.

34
34. Planned Economies

• These are systems that are directed by government
  agencies. i.e., Communism.

35
35. Woodrow Wilson

• United States president during WW1. He argues for
  his 14 points in post WW1.

36
36. Grigori Rasputin

• He was an uneducated Siberian peasant who claimed
  to be a holy man. He was close to the czarina. He
  was assassinated by a group of Russian nobles.

37
37. Bolsheviks

• They began as a small faction of a Marxist party
  called the Russian Social Democrats.

38
38. V.I. Lenin

• The Bolsheviks were under his leadership. He
  leads the communist state in Russia

39
39. Ukraine

• This was one of the countries that was given up
  when Lenin signed the treaty of Breast-Litovsk,
  as well as Finland, eastern Poland, and the
  Baltic provinces. 50 North, 30 East.

40
40. Siberia

• Where the White force attacked westward and
  advanced almost to the Volga River before they
  were stopped. It is in northern Russia.

41
41. Urals

• Where Czar, his wife and children were taken
  after he abdicated. Mountain range that separates
  Europe from Asia.

42
42. Leon Trotsky

• Thanks to him the Red Army was a well-disciplined
  fighting force and he reinstated the draft and
  emphasized a rigid discipline. He was
  assassinated by assassins sent by Stalin in
  Mexico city. He lost a power struggle with Stalin.

43
43. War Communism

• This meant government control of banks and most
  of the industries.

44
44. Armistice

• This is a truce or an agreement to stop the
  fighting.

45
45. David Lloyd George

• He was the prime minister of Great Britain who
  won a decisive victory in the elections of
  December of 1918. He also wanted Germany to pay.

46
46. Georges Clemenceau

• He was the premier of France during WW1. He
  wanted to punish Germany.

47
47. Reparations

• To cover the cost of a war.

48
48. Poland

• This country is in between Germany and Russia in
  North central Europe.

49
49. Mandates

• This gave a nation the right to govern another
  nation on behalf of the League of Nations.

50
50. Zimmerman Note

• Germanys offer to Mexico to attack the United
  States during WW1 in exchange for loss territory.

51
51. Treaty of Versailles

• The agreement that ended the WW1 in 1919. It
  punished Germany harshly.

52
52. League of Nations

• A group of victorious nations that gathered and
  settle international disputes and avoid war. It
  was proposed by Wilson however, it was rejected
  by the US Senate.

53
53. Hyperinflation

• Excessively rapid rise in prices of goods.

54
54. Great Flu Epidemic

• This was a pandemic of 1910-20 which was made
  worse by trench warfare and soldiers spreading
  the disease when they went home in WWI.

55
(No Transcript)
56
55. Great Depression

• Which began at the end of 1929, brought misery to
  millions of people. The unemployment rate was
  25.

57
56. Stock Market Crash

• When the prices of the stocks plunged and
  investors throughout the U.S. Withdrew funds
  from Germany and other Europeans markets causing
  banks to collapse.

58
57. Weimar Republic

• A German democratic state that was plagued with
  problems in between the wars. In post WWI.

59
58. Paul von Hindenburg

• He was a WWI military hero that was elected
  president at age of 77 of the Weimar Republic.

60
59. John Maynard Keynes

• A British economist that condemned the old theory
  that, in a free economy, depressions should be
  left to resolve themselves without the government.

61
60. Deficit Spending

• Government spending tax reciepts.

62
61. Franklin Delano Roosevelt

• This democratic was able to win a landslide
  victory in the 1932 presidential elections. He
  was president during the Great Depression and
  WWII.

63
62. New Deal

• An intervention in economy that increased
  publics work and a new social legislation which
  is known as U.S. warfare to boost the economy by
  Government spending.

64
63. Totalitarian State

• A government that aims to control the political,
  economic, social, intellectual, a cultural life
  of the citizens.

65
64. Benito Mussolini

• He established the first European Fascist
  movement in Italy in the 1920s. Il Duce

66
65. Facism

• A political philosophy that glorifies the state
  above one and emphasizing the need for a strong
  government and a doctorial ruler.

67
66. New Economic Policy

• A modified version of the old capitalist system,
  where peasants were allowed to sell their produce
  openly in Russia by Lenin.

68
67. Joseph Stalin

• He wasnt only a Politburo member he was the
  secretary for the party. He ruled USSR from
  1929-1953. He is responsible for the murder of as
  many as 25 million people.

69
68. Five Year Plan

• The purpose for these five years was to transform
  Russia from an agricultural into an industrial
  country.

70
69. Collectivization

• A system in which private farms were eliminated
  and instead the government owned all of the land
  while peasants worked it.

71
70. U.S.S.R.

• Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. 1917-1989

72
71. Great Purge

• In the 1930s, Stalins mania for power led him
  to remove, all opponent-or imagined
  opponents-from Russian life.

73
72. Francisco Franco

• He led the military forces to revolt against the
  democratic government in 1936 in spain.

74
73. Spanish Civil War

• 1936, Fascist (Francisco Franco) vs. democratic
  government.

75
73. Spanish Civil War
76
74. Adolf Hitler

• Born in Austria on April 20,1889, he led Germany
  and the Nazi Party in the 1930s until 1944.

77
75. Anti-Semitism

• Prejudice against Jews

78
76. Munich

• German City, 48N, 11E.

79
77. Nazi

• The Nationalist Socialist German Party under
  Adolf Hitler.

80
78. Mein Kampf

• Adolf Hitlers biography (My Struggle)

81
79. Reichstag

• The German Congress (parliament).

82
80. Concentration Camps

• Large prison camps that were build for people who
  opposed the new regime and for extermination.

83
81. Heinrich Himmler

• He was the leader of the SS which controlled not
  only the secret police forces but also the
  regular police forces.

84
82. Nurember Laws

• This excluded Jews from German citizenship.

85
83. Kristallnacht

• Or the night of shattered glass when Nazi
  thugs vandalized Jewish businesses.

86
84. Ideology

• This is a systematic body of ideas usually about
  human life or culture

87
85. Joseph Goebbles

• He was Hitlers propaganda minister

88
86. Surrealism

• A movement that sought a reality beyond the
  material world and found it in the world of
  unconscious.

89
87. Salvador Dali

• Spanish surrealist painter

90
88. Modernism

• A movement where writers and artists rebelled
  against the traditional literary and artistic
  styles that had dominated European cultural life
  since the Renaissance.

91
89. Ottomon Turks

• This Muslim empire had once include parts of
  eastern Europe, the middle East, and North Africa.

92
90. Zionism

• A movement devoted to the establishment of
  Palestine a homeland for Jews.

93
91. Young Turks

• They were able to force the restoration of the
  constitution in 1908 and dispose the sultan the
  following year.

94
92. T.E. Lawrence

• He was the dashing British adventurer who aided
  the nationalist against the Ottoman empire.

95
93. The Armenian Genocide

• From 1915-1918, an estimated 1 million Armenians,
  were killed by massacres and starvation.

96
94. Genocide

• The deliberate attempt to exterminate a racial
  group.

97
95. Colonel Mustafa Kemal

• His force drove the Greeks from the Anatolian
  Peninsula.

98
96. Ataturk

• Father of modern Turkey. He pushed for the
  westernization of Turkey after WW I. His real
  name is Mustafa Kemal.

99
97. Reza Shah Pahlavi

• Reza Khan gave himself this new name after he
  established himself as shah, or king

100
98. Iran

• Persia became the modern stat of this country in
  1935

101
99. Ibn Saud
He established the kingdom of Saudi Arabia in 1932
102
100. Palestine

• In this country, the nationalism of Jews and
  Arabs was in conflict.

103
101. Balfour Declaration

• It expressed support for a national home for the
  Jews in Palestine, but it also added that this
  goal should not undermine the rights of
  non-Jewish people living there.

104
102. W.E.B. DuBois Marcus Garvey

• Both came from a new generation of young African
  leaders calling for independence.

105
103. Pan-Africanism

• A movement that stressed the need for the unity
  of all Africans.

106
104. Mohandas Gandhi

• He became active in the movement for Indian
  self-rule before WWI. The people of Indian called
  him Indias Great Soul

107
105. Civil Disobedience

• Refusal to obey laws considered to be unjust.

108
106. Jawaharlal Nehru

• He was part of the upper class and an
  intellectual who studied law in Great Britain. He
  was secular, Western, and modern as opposed to
  Gandhi.

109
107. Zaibutsu

• A large financial and industrial corporation
  (Japanese and So. Korean) that worked closely
  with the government.

110
108. Manchuria

• A northern province of China. The Japanese
  conquered this area in the 1930s.

111
109. Marxism

• The idea that peasants as well as workers would
  make the revolution. This became very attractive
  to many poor people around the world. It is
  communist ideology.

112
110. Karl Marx

• He found the communist international. It was a
  worldwide organization of communist parties
  dedicated to spreading revolution.

113
111. Ho Chi Minh

• A Moscow- trained revolutionary that organized
  the Vietnamese against the French and later
  American in Indochina.

114
112. Shanghai

• This is a commercial and industrial city in
  China's east coast.

115
113. Sun Yat-sen

• A leader of the nationalist who welcomed the
  cooperation with the CCP.

116
114. Chiang Kai-Shek

• Founder of Taiwan, he loses the battle against
  Mao (communist)

117
115. Shanghai Massacre

• April 1927 When the Nationalist being led by
  Chiang Kai-shek attack the communist

118
116. Mao Zedong

• A communist organizer that was convinced that a
  Chinese revolution depends on peasants. He led
  the communist to victory in 1949.

119
117. Guerilla Tactics

• Surprise attacks, run and hide

120
118. Redistribution of Wealth

• The shifting of wealth from a rich minority to a
  poor majority.

121
119. Juan Vicente Gomez

• A dictator in Valenzuela who the U.S. oil
  companies had a great relationship with.

122
120. Good Neighbor Policy

• This is rejecting the use of military force on
  Latin America on principle.

123
121. Oligarchy

• A government where a selected group of people
  exercise control.

124
122. Caudillo

• Latin American dictator.

125
123. World War II

• 1939-45 Axis (Germany, Japan, Italy) vs Allies
  (US, Britain, Russia, and France)

126
124. Demilitarize

• Not permitted to have weapons of fortifications.

127
125. Appeasement

• This policy was based on the belief that if
  European states satisfied the reasonable demands
  of unsatisfied powers, the unsatisfied powers
  would be content, and stability and peace would
  be achieved in Europe.

128
126. Munich Conference

• In 1936, British, French, German, and Italian
  representatives did not object to Hitlers plans
  but instead reached an agreement that met
  virtually all of Hitlers demands.

129
127. Joseph Stalin

• The Soviet communist dictator. He is responsible
  for the death of 25 million people. He died in
  1953.

130
128. Nazi-Soviet Non-aggression Pact

• Signed on August 23, 1939, Germany and the Soviet
  Union promised not to attack each other.

131
129. New Order

• Comprising of Japan, Manchuria, and China. Japan
  would attempt to establish a new system of
  control in Asia with Japan guiding its Asian
  neighbors to prosperity.

132
130. Blitzkrieg

• Also known as lighting war because of how
  Hitler stunned Europe with the speed and
  efficiency of the German attack on Poland.

133
131. Isolationism

• Remaining impartial by refusing to participate in
  a war between other powers.

134
132. Neutrality

• Not forming alliances or other international
  political and economic relations.

135
133. Battle of Britain

• The WW2 German invasion by the Luftwaffe (air
  force) of England in early August of 1940. The
  English were aided by radar. Hitler stopped the
  invasion in late September.

136
134. Luftwaffe

• The German air force

137
135. December 7, 1941

• The date in which the Japanese aircraft attacked
  the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor in the
  Hawaiian Islands.

138
136. Axis Powers

• Germany, Italy, and Japan.

139
137. Erwin Rommel

• He was nicknamed Desert Fox and commanded the
  Reichs Afrika Korps.

140
138. El Alamein

• A place in North Africa in which Rommels troops
  were stopped by British forces.

141
139. Stalingrad

• A major industrial center on the Volga. It was
  also major WWII battle in which the soviet defeat
  the Nazis.

142
140. Battle of Midway Island

• The turning point of the war in Asia (June 4),
  1942

143
141. Douglas MacArthur

• This U.S. general moved into the Philippines
  through A. A.New Guinea and the South Pacific
  Islands in an effort to capture Japanese-held
  islands and bypass.

144
142. Normandy

• This place held historys greatest naval invasion
  in which the Allies fought their way past
  underwater mines, barbed wire, and horrible
  machine gun fire.

145
143. Harry S. Truman

• He became the president on the death of Roosevelt
  in April.

146
144. Hiroshima

• The US dropped the first atomic bomb on this
  Japanese city during WW II

147
145. Reinhard Heydrich

• The leader of the SS, he was put in charge of
  German resettlement plans in the east (Poland and
  USSR)

148
146. Aushwitz

• The largest extermination center built in poland.

149
147. Collaborators

• People who assisted the enemy.

150
148. Asia for the Asians

• Japans propaganda efforts to convince the world
  that Japan should rule Asia.

151
149. Kamikaze

• Japanese pilots that volunteered to serve as
  suicidal pilots

152
150. Cold War

• 1946 1989 period of hostility and competition
  between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R.

153
151. Tehran Conference

• Stalin, Roosevelt, and Churchill came together in
  November 1943 to decide the final assault on
  Germany.

154
152. Truman Doctrine

• It stated that the U.S. would provide money to
  countries threatened by communist expansion.

155
153. Marshall Plan

• This plan was designed to rebuild the prosperity
  and stability of war-torn Europe. It included 13
  billion in aid for Europes economic recovery.

156
154. Satellite States

• Nations that are dependent or controlled by an
  outside power.

157
155. Policy of Containment

• It was a policy to keep communism within its
  exiting boundaries and prevent further soviet
  aggressive moves. (Opposite of appeasement)

158
156. Berlin

• Located deep inside the Soviet zone, it was also
  divided into four zones. It was the capital of
  the Nazis empire.

159
157. Federal Republic of Germany

• West Germany, western capitalistic.

160
158. German Democratic Republic

• East German State, communist, Warsaw Pact.

161
159. Arms Race

• A competition in which both countries build up
  their armies and weapons.

162
160. No. Atlantic Treaty Organization
A military alliances of western nations on which all powers who signed agreed to provide mutual help if any one of them was attacked.
163
161. Warsaw Pact

• A formal military alliances between the Soviet
  Union, Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia,
  E.Germany, Hungary, Poland, and Romania.

164
162. Deterrence

• This policy held that huge arsenals of nuclear
  weapons on both sides prevented war.

165
163. Nikita Khrushchev

• He emerged as the new leader of the Soviet Union
  in 1955 after the death of Stalin.

166
164. Domino Theory

• The idea that if one country falls to communism,
  the neighboring countries will also fall.

167
165. Soviet Union

• When it became communist in 1917, it changed its
  name to this.

168
166. De-Stalinization

• The process of eliminating Stalins policies.

169
167. Charles de Gaulle

• The war hero that dominated France for nearly a
  quarter of a century after the war.

170
168. Welfare State

• A state where the government takes responsibility
  to provide citizen with services and a minimal
  standard of living.

171
169. European Economic Community

• Also known as the Common Market, was a free-trade
  area made up of the six member nations and they
  would impose no tariffs on each others goods.

172
170. John F. Kennedy

• The youngest elected president in the history of
  the United States.

173
171. Civil Rights Movement

• Equal right for African Americans.

174
172. Martin Luther King, Jr.

• The leader of a growing movement for racial
  equality.

175
173. Consumer Society

• A society that is preoccupied with buying goods,
  not producing one.

176
174. Mikhail Gorbachev

• He became leader of the Soviet Union in 1985.

177
175. Brezhnev Doctrine

• It insisted on the right of the Soviet Union to
  intervene if communism was threatened in another
  communist state.

178
176. Détente

• A relaxation of tensions and improved relations
  between two superpowers.

179
177. Dissidents

• Those who spoke out against the regime.

180
178. Perestroika

• Restructuring.

181
179. Ronald Reagan

• He was elected president of the United States in
  1980.

182
180. Boris Yeltsin

• President of the Russian Republic.

183
181. Ukraine

• This country voted for independence on December
  1,1991. South Central Europe

184
182. Vladamir Putin

• At the end of 1999, Yeltsin resigned and was
  replaced by this man.

185
183. Slobodan Milosevic

• He became the leader of the Yugoslav republic of
  Serbia in 1987.

186
184. Margaret Thatcher

• A conservative who pledged to limit social
  welfare, restrict union power, and end inflation
  in England.

187
185. Budget Deficits

• It exists when the government spends more than it
  collects in revenues.

188
186. George W. Bush

• In the election of 2000, this Texan narrowly
  defeated Vice President Al Gore in one of the
  most hotly contested elections in American
  history.

189
187. Weapons of Mass Destructn

• They are nuclear, chemical, and biological
  weapons that can kill tens of thousands of people
  at once.

190
188. Globalization

• The process that began since the dawn of human
  kind of sharing, human trade, communication, and
  cooperation.

191
189. Roe vs. Wade

• In this 1973 case the Supreme Court legalized
  abortion.

192
190. Ervin Magic Johnson

• He was living proof of HIV, the virus that causes
  AIDS, could strike anyone.

193
191. Elvis Presley

• This musician along with Little Richard and Chuck
  Berry combines jazz, gospel, traditional African,
  and country music to create rock n roll.

194
192. Cultural Imperialism

• It meant that a Western nation controlled other
  world cultures, much as they had controlled
  governments in the 1800s.

195
193. Multinational Corp

• These are companies with divisions in more than
  two countries for example Mc Donalds

196
194. Megacity

• A city with rapidly increasing populations,
  having trouble keeping up with urban services for
  example Mexico City.

197
195. Rio de Janeiro

• Where streams of poor families moved in hope for
  a better life eastern city of Brazil.

198
196. Favelas

• Squatter settlements where clean water and
  electricity are in short supply.

199
197. Magic Realism

• A form of expression unique to Latin American
  literature it combines realistic events with
  dreamlike or fantastic backgrounds.

200
198. Gabriel Garcia Marquez

• Author of One Hundred Years of Solitude, born in
  Columbia, he is one of the worlds best-known
  modern writers.

201
199. Brasilia

• Built as Brazils new capital in 1950s-1960s,
  where outstanding examples of Latin American
  architectures can be seen.

202
200. Oscar Niemeyer

• A Brazilian architect that was chosen to be the
  chief architect for the new capital.