Exploring 19th Century Native Americans

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Exploring 19th Century Native Americans

• An interdisciplinary unit for 7th grade
• Kansas History and Physical Education.
• Cheri Bevis, Contributor

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Goal of the Lesson

• The students will be able to identify the native
  American tribes that settled in Kansas and
  compare and contrast their arts, culture, foods,
  customs, and games.

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Kansas State Standards

• 7th Grade History Standard
• Benchmark 1 The student understands
  individuals, groups, ideas, events, and
  developments during the period before settlement
  in pre-territorial Kansas.
• Indicator 1 The student compares and contrasts
  nomadic and sedentary tribes in Kansas (e.g.,
  food, housing, art, customs).

• 7th Grade Physical Education Standard
• Content Standard 5 A physically educated
  person exhibits responsible personal and social
  behavior that respects self and others in
  physical activity settings.
• Indicator 4 Through verbal and non-verbal
  behavior, demonstrate cooperation with peers of
  different gender, race, ethnicity, and ability in
  physical activity setting.

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Vocabulary

• nomadic having no fixed home and moving
  according to the seasons from place to place in
  search of food, water, and grazing land
• artifact something made or used by people from
  the past
• reservation a special area of land set aside
  for the native Americans
• sod house a home made from earth or grass
• tipi an American Indian cone-shaped tent
• maize Indian corn
• adaptation change in behavior in response to
  new or modified surroundings
• barter to trade one thing for another without
  the exchange of money
• domesticate to change or adapt (an animal or
  plant) to be of use to humans
• migration the act of moving from one land or
  country to settle in another place
• oral tradition the spoken preservation, from
  one generation to the next, of cultural history
  and ancestry, often by a storyteller in narrative
  form.

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People to Know

• Nomadic Tribes
• Cheyenne
• Arapahoe
• Plains Apache
• Comanche
• Kiowa
• Kiowa Apache

• Sedentary Tribes
• Pawnee
• Wichita
• Kansa
• Osage

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Kansas History Activities

• Labeling the movement of Historic Tribes in the
  State of Kansas.
• The map shows how over time, the tribes moved in
  and out of Kansas from all directions. (Chinn,
  J., 2005, The Kansas Journey pg. 33
• Using a map, such as the sample one below, label
  with the correct native American tribes. (Toth,
  S.,1998, Fun Kansas History Projects pg. 50)

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Kansas History Activities Cont.

• Discussion of migration and adaptation of native
  Americans to the state of Kansas. (Chinn,
  J., 2005, The Kansas Journey pgs. 24-32)
• Assignment Experiences of Indian Removal
• Directions Imagine you are a teenage Indian in
  1840 whose family moved to Kansas from your
  beloved homeland. Write a one-page essay
  describing the hardships you and your family
  faced.

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Kansas History Activities Cont.

• Read/Analyze/Discuss Historic Tribes in Kansas.
  (Chinn, J., 2005, The Kansas Journey pgs.
  33-42)
• Create story map for each native American tribe
  discussed.
• Include categories such as housing, art, customs,
  food, culture etc.
• Use pictures or words to illustrate your
  thoughts.

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Kansas History Activities Cont.

• Sample story map for Pawnee Indians.

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Kansas History Activities Cont.

• Read/Analyze/Discuss the Importance of the
  buffalo to the Plains Indians. (Chinn, J., 2005,
  The Kansas Journey pg 34)
• Complete The Buffalo Activity. (Toth, S.,
  1997, Fun Lessons in Kansas History pgs. 24-27)
• Discuss the overhead transparency of the buffalo.
• Brainstorm ways that we might use the parts of
  the buffalo today (for example, the horn could
  make a funnel for pouring gasoline into a lawn
  mower). Fill out the first column of The
  Buffalo page.
• Using a variety of sources (encyclopedias,
  textbook, books, Internet), find out how the
  Plains Indians used the same buffalo parts. Fill
  out the second column of "The Buffalo page.
  Compare and discuss answers.

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Kansas History Activities Cont.

• Sample The Buffalo worksheets.

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Kansas History Activities Cont.

• Topic Native Americans
• Guest Speaker Don Rash

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Kansas History Assessment

• Poster Project
• Assign students to groups of three.
• Assign each group a native American tribe.
• Using the information learned in class, the
  internet, and any other resources available each
  group will construct a poster board using
  pictures and narrative to illustrate their tribes
  culture.
• Students will also be responsible for typing a
  two-page summary of their findings.
• As a group, the students will present their tribe
  to the rest of the class.

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Kansas History Assessment Cont.

• Sample Native American poster boards

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Physical Education Activities

• Native American games research
• In partners, students will research native
  American childrens games dances, and chants
  using the Internet, Kansas history notes, and
  books.
• Each pair will choose a game, dance, or chant to
  learn to teach to the rest of the PE class.
• Possible sources (Examples)
• www.native americangames.net
• www.apples4theteacher.com/native-american/games/i
  ndex.html
• www.nativetech.org/games/othergames.html
• nativeamericans.mrdonn.org/games.html
• Handbook of American Indian Games by Allan and
  Paulette Macfarlan

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Physical Education Activities Cont.

• Possible American Indian unit enrichment
  activities for physical education
• Stations use the games learned from the student
  presenters.
• Crossing KS Warm-up Activity Imagine the gym is
  the state of KS. Label each area according to
  where the tribes settled. Yell out a tribe name
  and the students must race to that designated
  area. Repeat until warm-up is completed.
• Luck of the Draw (Relay races with vocab words)
  Construct a set of note cards with the
  definitions of vocab words written on them for
  each team. Write the vocab words on posters and
  hang them randomly on the gym walls. First team
  member draws a card and must run and touch the
  poster that matches their definition and race
  back to their team. One point scored for each
  correct answer. Keep rotating through team
  members until one team reaches 10 points.

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Physical Education Assessment

• Creating Native American Board Games
• Discuss how a board game might be able to convey
  information about the cultures they studied. Use
  the following questions and their current
  knowledge of Native American groups to spark
  discussion
• What could a game board show about life in a
  Native American tribe or nation?
• What kinds of tokens might be used to reflect
  information or ideas about the tribe?
• What would be an appropriate reward during the
  gamelike the play money in Monopoly?
• Your game might include positive events that move
  a player forward, or negative events that set a
  player back. Think of a few examples of positive
  and negative events that were common in Native
  American tribes. (Such events might be catching
  many fish or bad drought.)
• How could the game objective and rules tell
  something about life in this tribe?

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Physical Education Assessment Cont.

• In teams of three, students will create a board
  game highlighting the aspects of life of the
  tribe assigned to them.
• Use reference materials to record information
  they have learned about their assigned tribe.

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Physical Education Assessment Cont.

• Challenge the students to create a board game
  that reflects what they have learned about their
  assigned tribe.
• Do not create a game that may have been played by
  that tribe but instead create a game for todays
  children that teaches about that tribe.

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Physical Education Assessment Cont.

• When the games are completed, have the teams
  exchange and play each others games.
• Possible activity Choose a few of the best
  games created and take those teams to an
  elementary school to teach their games.

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ELL Adaptations

• Students will study vocabulary words using note
  cards. On one side of the note card they will
  write the vocab word and on the other side they
  will draw a picture that illustrates the
  definition.
• Allow students to complete their projects in
  their native language.

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Resources

• Books
• Unrau, W. (1991). Indians of Kansas. Mennonite
  Press, Newton, KS.
• Napier, R. (2003). Kansas and the West New
  Perspectives.
• Tucker, M. (2002) . Buffalo Hunt. TLC, Carthage,
  IL.
• Isern, T. Wilson, R. (1988). Kansas Land.
  Gibbs Smith, Layton, UT.
• Toth, S. (1997). Fun Lessons in Kansas History.
  The Prairie Teacher, Colby, KS.
• Toth, S. (1998). Fun Kansas History Projects.
  The Prairie Teacher, Colby KS.
• Chinn, J. (2005). The Kansas Journey. Gibbs
  Smith, Salt Lake City.
• Macfarlan, A. P. (1985). Handbook of American
  Indian Games. Dover Publications, Mineola, NY.

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Resources

• Internet Sites
• www.nativeamericangames.net
• www.apples4theteacher.com/native-american/games/in
  dex.html
• school.discovery.com/lessonplans/programs/nativeam
  ericans
• www.nativetech.org/games/othergames.html
• nativeamericans.mrdonn.org/games.html
• www.archives.gov/research/native-american/pictures