Aim: To discuss the effects of World War I

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Aim To discuss the effects of World War I
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The Decline of the Ottoman Empire
Why do you think That the Ottoman Empire Was
called the Sick man of Europe?
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PAYBACK TIME!!!
Clemenceau
Lloyd George
Google images
Wilson
Picturehistory.com
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The Treaty of VersaillesJune 28, 1919

• There was a definite clash of goals at the Treaty
  of Versailles.
• Wilson wanted to make the world peaceful and
  prevent future wars.
• The European Allies were out for revenge against
  Germany.

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Germany is slammed!

• War guilt (Article 231) Germany had to assume
  blame for the war
• Losses of territory (including Alsace and
  Lorraine back the French). France and Belgium
  were able to occupy the resource-filled Saar
  region until 1935. The Rhineland was to be
  occupied until 1935 as a demilitarized zone.
• Germany lost her colonies and were placed under
  the auspicies of the Allies. Wilson didnt let
  Britain and France colonize them directly.
• The Germans were forced to reduce their armies,
  navies, and artillery.
• War payments- Germany was to make war payments of
  32 billion.

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Wilsons Fourteen Points

• Called for
• An end to secret treaties
• Freedom of the seas
• Self-determination
• Decolonization
• The establishment of
• The League of Nations

Why didnt the United States Ever join the
League of Nations If this was Wilsons brainchil
d?
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How did the Treaty of Versailles redraw the world
map?

• http//www.cyberlearning-world.com/lessons/ushisto
  ry/ww1/preww1.htm

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Territorial Losses and Gains

• The Hapsburg Empire was destroyed and Austria and
  Hungary became two separate states.
• From lost German and Hapsburg lands new countries
  were created including Yugoslavia,
  Czechoslovakia, Poland, Finland, Latvia,
  Lithuania, and Estonia (self-determination.)
• Italy received only a portion of the Austrian
  territory it was promised.
• The Ottoman Empire lost all of its Middle Eastern
  possessions and were placed under temporary
  British and French control (Mandate System). They
  were supposed to be prepared for eventual
  independence. The Arabs were disappointed since
  they had aided the Ottomans during the war. The
  Arabs were further irked by the Balfour
  Declaration of 1917 that stated the British
  position that the Jews should have a homeland in
  Palestine.

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The Balfour Declaration
November 2nd, 1917 Dear Lord Rothschild, I have
much pleasure in conveying to you, on behalf of
His Majesty's Government, the following
declaration of sympathy with Jewish Zionist
aspirations which has been submitted to, and
approved by, the Cabinet. "His Majesty's
Government view with favour the establishment in
Palestine of a national home for the Jewish
people, and will use their best endeavours to
facilitate the achievement of this object, it
being clearly understood that nothing shall be
done which may prejudice the civil and religious
rights of existing non-Jewish communities in
Palestine, or the rights and political status
enjoyed by Jews in any other country." I should
be grateful if you would bring this declaration
to the knowledge of the Zionist Federation.
Yours sincerely, Arthur James Balfour
Q How did the British make conflicting promises
to the Jews and Arabs in Palestine?
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The Hussein-McMahon AccordCorrespondence
(1915-1916)

• As for those regions lying within these
  frontiers wherein Great Britain is free to actI
  am empowered to give the following assurances
• 1) Subject to the above modification, Great
  Britain is prepared to recognize and support the
  independence of the Arabs
• in all the regions within the limits demanded by
  the Sharif (Husayn) of Mecca.
• 2) Great Britain will guarantee the Holy Places
  against all external aggressionI am convinced
  that this declaration will assure you beyond
  doubt of the sympathy of Great Britain

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But while the British made promises to both Arab
Nationalists and Jewish Nationalists.
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The British and French had already agreed to
carve out Ottoman territory for their own
national self-interest!!!
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• The Sykes-Picot Agreement 1916
• It is accordingly understood between the French
  and British governments
• That France and great Britain are prepared to
  recognize and protect an independent Arab states
  or a confederation of Arab states (a) and (b)
  marked on the annexed map, under the suzerainty
  of an Arab chief. That in area (a) France, and in
  area (b) great Britain, shall have priority of
  right of enterprise and local loans. That in area
  (a) France, and in area (b) great Britain, shall
  alone supply advisers or foreign functionaries at
  the request of the Arab state or confederation of
  Arab states.
• That in the blue area France, and in the red area
  great Britain, shall be allowed to establish such
  direct or indirect administration or control as
  they desire and as they may think fit to arrange
  with the Arab state or confederation of Arab
  states.
• That in the brown area there shall be established
  an international administration, the form of
  which is to be decided upon after consultation
  with Russia, and subsequently in consultation
  with the other allies, and the representatives of
  the sharif of Mecca.

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How the Sykes-Picot agreement redrew the map of
the Middle East
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Dont forget the women!

• Women worked as truck drivers, factory workers,
  and other occupations while men were at war.
• In Britain over 1.35 million women who never
  worked took jobs.
• In Germany women comprised about 38 of the
  workforce.
• In France women working in the textile industry
  producing uniforms were granted a minimum wage.
• But once the men returned from war many women
  lost their jobs!
• http//www.users.zetnet.co.uk/dms/past/ww1/women.h
  tml

Barrons AP World Review