Introduction to Export / Import : Assessing export readiness of your firm

1

• Introduction to Export / Import Assessing
  export readiness of your firm
• Dr. Vijaya Katti
• Chairperson (MDPs)
• Indian Institute of Foreign Trade
• New Delhi

For Niryat Bandhu Scheme (Session on 17.5.2016)
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Coverage

• What is meant by exports?
• Legal definition
• Why to export? Who can export?
• International trade scenario and Indias position
  in global trade
• Product specific specialties
• Demand of pattern of specific export market
  specific products
• Global market and possibilities of exports
• How to assess your export readiness?

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What is meant by export? - Legal definition
4
Concept of Export

• The term export derives from the conceptual
  meaning as to ship the goods and services out of
  the port of a country.
• The seller of such goods and services is referred
  to as an exporter who is based in the country
  of export whereas the overseas based buyer is
  referred to as an importer.
• In International Trade, export refers to
  selling goods and services produced in the home
  country to other markets.
• In very simple terms, export may be defined as
  the selling of goods to a foreign country.
  However, As per Secion2(e) of the India Foreign
  Trade (Development Regulations) Act (1992), the
  term export may be defined as an act of taking
  out of India any goods by land, sea or air and
  with proper transaction of money.

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Why Export- Reasons for Export

• There are many good reasons for exporting. Some
  of the motives of export are given below
• The first and the primary reason for export is to
  earn foreign exchange. The foreign exchange not
  only brings profit for the exporter but also
  improves the economic condition of the country.
• Secondly, companies that export their goods are
  believed to be more reliable than their
  counterpart domestic companies assuming that
  exporting company has survived the test in
  meeting international standards.
• Thirdly, free exchange of ideas and cultural
  knowledge opens up immense business and trade
  opportunities for a company.
• Fourthly, as one starts visiting customers to
  sell ones goods, he has an opportunity to start
  exploring for newer customers, state-of-the-art
  machines and vendors in foreign lands.
• Fifthly, by exporting goods, an exporter also
  becomes safe from offset lack of demand for
  seasonal products.
• Lastly, international trade keeps an exporter
  more competitive and less vulnerable to the
  market as the exporter may have a business boom
  in one area while simultaneously witnessing a
  bust in a different area.

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Who can export?

• Any one who wants to do something different
• Anyone who wants to enter in a profit zone
• Anyone who has assessed his readiness to enter in
  new field try his luck
• Anyone who is willing to take risk
• Anyone who is constantly updating himself on
  global business environment

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Planning for Export

• The organization should plan well before
  exporting as to what product to be exported,
  where to be exported etc. The organization should
  also evaluate the export potential of a company.
  The main objective of a typical export plan
  should be to identify
• The objectives of exporting
• Lists of activities to undertake to achieve those
  objectives
• Mechanism for review and
• Activities to help focus on goals

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Contd..

• Successful exporters agree that your ability to
  become an accomplished international traders
  depends largely on how you

Make every penny count
Dig out every penny due to you from the system,
by making best use of available opportunities,
policies and schemes
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Contd..

• Information on the above subject is spread across
  numerous websites and documents produced by the
  Trade Ministries of various countries (For FTA,
  GSP, Customs duty), DGFT, Customs, RBI, Central
  Excise, Banks, WTO, Other international bodies.
• You do not need to understand everything
  available, but how do you know what to miss.
  Information Overload makes impossible demand on
  your resources and time.

10
Contd..

• The course you have enrolled provides straight
  answers to innumerable questions asked by the
  exporters as they launched, developed and grew
  their business. It is a one stop access to
  information scattered across 100s of websites,
  manuals, and schemes and covers basic
  essentials for starting your business endeavor.

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International Trade Scenario

• Global growth declined in the first half of 2015,
  reflecting a further slowdown in emerging markets
  and a weaker recovery in advanced economies.
• It is now projected at 3.1 percent for 2015 as a
  whole, slightly lower than in 2014, and 0.2
  percentage point below the forecasts in the July
  2015 World Economic Outlook (WEO) Update.
• Prospects across the main countries and regions
  remain uneven. Relative to last year, growth in
  advanced economies is expected to pick up
  slightly, while it is projected to decline in
  emerging market and developingeconomies.
• With declining commodity prices, depreciating
  emerging market currencies, and increasing
  financial market volatility, downside risks to
  the outlook have risen, particularly for emerging
  market and developing economies.

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Contd..

• Global activity is projected to gather some pace
  in 2016. In advanced economies, the modest
  recovery that started in 2014 is projected to
  strengthen further.
• In emerging market and developing economies, the
  outlook is projected to improve in particular,
  growth in countries in economic distress in 2015
  (including Brazil, Russia, and some countries in
  Latin America and in the Middle East), while
  remaining weak or negative, is projected to be
  higher next year, more than offsetting the
  expected gradual slowdown in China.

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The World Economy in Recent Months

• Growth in advanced economies in the first half of
  2015 remained modest.
• For most emerging market economies, external
  conditions are becoming more difficult.
• Financial market volatility rose sharply during
  the summer, with declining commodity prices and
  downward pressure on many emerging market
  currencies.
• Capital inflows have slowed, and the lift off of
  U.S. policy rates from the zero lower bound is
  likely to herald some further tightening of
  external financial conditions.
• And while the growth slowdown in China is so far
  broadly in line with forecasts, its cross-border
  repercussions appear larger than previously
  envisaged.

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Global Outlook for 2015-16

• Global growth is projected to decline from 3.4
  percent in 2014 to 3.1 percent in 2015, before
  picking up to 3.6 percent in 2016.
• India is projected to remain strong. These
  developments more than offset the projected
  continuation of the slowdown in China.

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Global Outlook for the Medium Term

• Global growth is forecast to increase beyond
  2016, entirely reflecting a further pickup in
  growth in emerging market and developing
  economies.
• This pickup reflects two factors.
• The first is the assumption of a gradual return
  to trend rates of growth in countries and regions
  under stress or growing well below potential in
  201516 (for example, Brazil and the rest of
  Latin America, Russia, and parts of the Middle
  East).
• The second factor is the gradual increase in
  theglobal weight of fast-growing countries such
  as Chinaand India, which further increases their
  importance asdrivers of global growth.

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Contd..

• Elsewhere in emerging and developing Asia,
  Indias growth is expected to strengthen from 7.3
  percent this year and last year to 7.5 percent
  next year.
• In India, inflation is expected to decline
  further in 2015, reflecting the fall in global
  oil and agricultural commodity prices.

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Policies to Foster Growth and Manage
Vulnerabilities in Emerging Market and Developing
Economies

• In India, near-term growth prospects remain
  favorable, and the decrease in the current
  account deficit has lowered external
  vulnerabilities.
• The faster-than expected decline in inflation has
  created space for considering modest cuts in the
  nominal policy rate, but the real policy rate
  needs to remain tight for inflation to decline to
  the inflation target in the medium term, given
  upside risks to inflation.
• Several years of downgraded medium-term growth
  prospects suggest that it is also time for major
  emerging market economies to turn to important
  structural reforms to raise productivity and
  growth in a lasting way. Although the slowing in
  estimated total factor productivity growth in
  major emerging market economies is partly a
  natural implication of recent progress in
  convergence.

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Condt..

• The concern is that potential output growth has
  become too dependent on factor accumulation in
  some economies.
• The structural reform agenda naturally differs
  across countries, but it includes removing
  infrastructure bottlenecks in the power sector
  (India, Indonesia, South Africa) easing limits
  on trade and investment and improving business
  conditions (Brazil, Indonesia, Russia) and
  implementing reforms to education, labor, and
  product markets to raise competitiveness and
  productivity (Brazil, China, India, South Africa)
  and government services delivery (South Africa).

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Indias Position in Global Trade
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India's Top 10 Export Destinations
Values in US Million Sorted on year 2014-2015
S.No. Country 2013-2014 Share 2014-2015 Share Growth 2015-2016 (Apr-Sept)
1 U S A 39,142.10 12.4496 42,448.66 13.6782 8.45 20,780.17
2 U ARAB EMTS 30,520.42 9.7073 33,028.08 10.6426 8.22 15,450.35
3 HONG KONG 12,731.74 4.0495 13,599.88 4.3823 6.82 6,289.63
4 CHINA P RP 14,824.36 4.715 11,934.25 3.8456 -19.5 4,534.62
5 SAUDI ARAB 12,218.95 3.8864 11,161.43 3.5965 -8.65 3,461.59
6 SINGAPORE 12,510.54 3.9791 9,809.36 3.1609 -21.59 3,429.78
7 U K 9,779.07 3.1103 9,319.73 3.0031 -4.7 4,566.35
8 GERMANY 7,515.81 2.3905 7,537.34 2.4287 0.29 3,524.50
9 SRI LANKA DSR 4,534.35 1.4422 6,703.72 2.1601 47.84 2,792.41
10 BANGLADESH PR 6,166.93 1.9615 6,451.47 2.0788 4.61 2,809.72
India's Total Export 3,14,405.30 3,10,338.48 -1.29
Source Export Import Data Bank, Ministry of
Commerce Industry, Govt. of India
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India's Top 10 Import Destinations
Values in US Million Sorted on year 2014-2015
S.No. Country 2013-2014 Share 2014-2015 Share Growth 2015-2016 (Apr-Sept)
1 CHINA P RP 51,034.62 11.336 60,413.17 13.4841 18.38 31,625.41
2 SAUDI ARAB 36,403.65 8.0861 28,107.56 6.2735 -22.79 10,890.55
3 U ARAB EMTS 29,019.82 6.446 26,139.91 5.8344 -9.92 10,578.96
4 SWITZERLAND 19,311.01 4.2894 22,133.16 4.9401 14.61 10,276.01
5 U S A 22,505.08 4.9989 21,814.60 4.869 -3.07 10,446.27
6 INDONESIA 14,748.30 3.2759 15,004.64 3.349 1.74 6,775.40
7 QATAR 15,707.99 3.4891 14,604.71 3.2597 -7.02 4,841.14
8 IRAQ 18,520.86 4.1139 14,247.66 3.18 -23.07 6,192.47
9 NIGERIA 14,097.84 3.1315 13,682.97 3.054 -2.94 5,768.41
10 KOREA RP 12,470.60 2.77 13,529.11 3.0197 8.49 6,651.28
  India's Total Import 4,50,199.79   4,48,033.41   -0.48
Source Export Import Data Bank, Ministry of
Commerce Industry, Govt. of India
22
Top 10 Commodities of India's Exports
Values in US Million Sorted on year 2014-2015
S.No. HSCode Commodity 2013-2014 Share 2014-2015 Share Growth 2015-2016 (Apr-Sept)
1 27 MINERAL FUELS, MINERAL OILS AND PRODUCTS OF THEIR DISTILLATION BITUMINOUS SUBSTANCES MINERAL WAXES. 64,685.32 20.5739 57,620.04 18.5668 -10.92 16,278.18
2 71 NATURAL OR CULTURED PEARLS,PRECIOUS OR SEMIPRECIOUS STONES,PRE.METALS,CLAD WITH PRE.METAL AND ARTCLS THEREOFIMIT.JEWLRYCOIN. 41,692.25 13.2607 41,549.72 13.3885 -0.34 19,891.43
3 87 VEHICLES OTHER THAN RAILWAY OR TRAMWAY ROLLING STOCK, AND PARTS AND ACCESSORIES THEREOF. 12,933.03 4.1135 14,473.84 4.6639 11.91 7,138.32
4 84 NUCLEAR REACTORS, BOILERS, MACHINERY AND MECHANICAL APPLIANCES PARTS THEREOF. 12,077.17 3.8413 13,802.85 4.4477 14.29 6,568.76
5 29 ORGANIC CHEMICALS 12,017.17 3.8222 11,948.91 3.8503 -0.57 5,849.96
6 30 PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS 11,140.50 3.5434 11,584.58 3.7329 3.99 6,488.40
7 10 CEREALS. 10,562.89 3.3596 9,550.98 3.0776 -9.58 3,415.78
8 62 ARTICLES OF APPAREL AND CLOTHING ACCESSORIES, NOT KNITTED OR CROCHETED. 8,343.35 2.6537 9,192.14 2.962 10.17 4,718.96
9 85 ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT AND PARTS THEREOF SOUND RECORDERS AND REPRODUCERS, TELEVISION IMAGE AND SOUND RECORDERS AND REPRODUCERS,AND PARTS. 10,298.51 3.2756 8,696.79 2.8024 -15.55 3,823.28
10 72 IRON AND STEEL 9,223.38 2.9336 8,684.38 2.7984 -5.84 3,177.14
    India's Total Export 3,14,405.30   3,10,338.48   -1.29
Source Export Import Data Bank, Ministry of
Commerce Industry, Govt. of India
23
Top 10 Commodities of India's Imports
Values in US Million Sorted on year 2014-2015
S.No. HSCode Commodity 2013-2014 Share 2014-2015 Share Growth 2015-2016 (Apr-Sept)
1 27 MINERAL FUELS, MINERAL OILS AND PRODUCTS OF THEIR DISTILLATION BITUMINOUS SUBSTANCES MINERAL WAXES. 1,81,382.59 40.2894 1,56,400.01 34.9081 -13.77 53,738.67
2 71 NATURAL OR CULTURED PEARLS,PRECIOUS OR SEMIPRECIOUS STONES,PRE.METALS,CLAD WITH PRE.METAL AND ARTCLS THEREOFIMIT.JEWLRYCOIN. 58,464.76 12.9864 62,379.92 13.9231 6.7 30,199.73
3 85 ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT AND PARTS THEREOF SOUND RECORDERS AND REPRODUCERS, TELEVISION IMAGE AND SOUND RECORDERS AND REPRODUCERS,AND PARTS. 29,152.75 6.4755 33,149.35 7.3989 13.79 17,877.52
4 84 NUCLEAR REACTORS, BOILERS, MACHINERY AND MECHANICAL APPLIANCES PARTS THEREOF. 30,669.15 6.8123 31,730.65 7.0822 3.46 16,266.85
5 29 ORGANIC CHEMICALS 17,044.16 3.7859 17,746.39 3.961 4.15 8,615.26
6 72 IRON AND STEEL 9,109.58 2.0235 12,342.01 2.7547 35.48 5,906.07
7 39 PLASTIC AND ARTICLES THEREOF. 10,104.19 2.2444 11,690.78 2.6094 15.7 6,008.09
8 15 ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE FATS AND OILS AND THEIR CLEAVAGE PRODUCTS PRE. EDIBLE FATS ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE WAXEX. 9,441.75 2.0972 10,670.01 2.3815 13.01 5,253.93
9 99 MISCELLANEOUS GOODS. 8,070.51 1.7927 7,471.64 1.6677 -7.42 4,133.68
10 26 ORES, SLAG AND ASH. 6,560.20 1.4572 7,361.19 1.643 12.21 3,217.53
    India's Total Import 4,50,199.79   4,48,033.41   -0.48
Source Export Import Data Bank, Ministry of
Commerce Industry, Govt. of India
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Direction Of Indias Foreign Trade

• The group of countries to which India Exports are
  -
• Organisation for Economic Co-operation
  Development (OECD) comprising of USA, Canada,
  European Union (EU), Australia and Japan.
• Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries
  (OPEC) which includes Kuwait, Iran, Iraq, Saudi
  Arabia and others.
• Eastern Europe which includes Romania, Russia and
  others.
• Developing Nations which includes China, Hong
  Kong, South Korea, Singapore and Malaysia.

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INDIAS FOREIGN TRADE (MERCHANDISE) November,
2015

• EXPORTS IMPORTS (US Million) (PROVISIONAL)

Source Ministry of Commerce Industry, Govt.
of India
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Sectoral dominance of SSIs in Indian Exports

• The share of SSI Sector in Indian Exports is an
  impressive 40. India has Revealed Comparative
  Advantage in most of the products exported by SSI
  sector.
• Following table indicates that SSI contribute to
  more than 70 of Indian exports in leather,
  Readymade Garments, Wool products, and Sports
  goods.

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S.No Sector Share of SSI in relevant Sectoral exports
1. Synthetic Rayon Textile 19
2. Engineering Goods 33
3. Chemical Allied products 33
4. Plastic products 42
5. Basic Chemicals Pharmaceuticals 45
6. Marine Products 47
7. Leather Leather products 70
8. Processed Food 70
9. Readymade Garments 90
10. Wool Woolen products 95
11. Sports Goods 100
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Informal exporting-Export through an elaborate
system of sub-contracting

• A large category of Indian Exporters acts as a
  small link in exporting chain, which works on an
  elaborate system of subcontracting.
• In most cases such firms have no idea of ultimate
  buyers (of their products) or their preferences
  as they generally sell to a middlemen at
  throwaway prices.
• Such trends are confirmed by the large enrolment
  of merchant exporters in most export promotion
  councils.

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• Most of the Indian garments/Leather/Handicraft/Low
  Technology Engineering items are produced in
  Small and Informal Sector. Over half the Gems
  and Jewellery industry in India is concentrated
  in the Unorganised Sector and follows a
  subcontracting model known as Job Lot Method.

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The emerging Indian Export structure new
players in the game

• A number of factors contribute to the growing
  competitiveness of many Indian export sectors.
• These include Rise of Indian Mini MNCs, Global
  exposure to a large number of Indian Companies
  through Export Operations, Easy access to Global
  Capital and Conducive regulatory environment.
• Indian Mini MNCs and International MNCs play the
  role of Anchor companies helping the entire
  sector into raising productivity and
  competitiveness.

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Rich heritage of various states Natural
endowment Product Specific specialties
32
Export Potential of Select StatesGujarat

• One of India's most industrialized states,
  Gujarat maintains a variety of industries, the
  principal ones being general and electrical
  engineering and the manufacture of textiles,
  vegetable oils, chemicals, soda ash, and cement.
  New industries include the production of
  fertilizers and petrochemicals.
• Major resources produced by the state include
  cotton, peanuts, dates, sugarcane, and petrol.
  The state is rich in calcite, gypsum, manganese,
  lignite, bauxite, limestone, agate, feldspar and
  quartz sand and successful mining of these
  minerals is done in their specified areas.
• Gujarat produces about 91 of Indias required
  amount of6289 soda ash and gives the country
  about 66 of its national requirement of salt.
  Chemical Industries in Gujarat count for more
  than 35 of Indian Chemicals production.

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Maharashtra

• Maharashtra has had a long History in textiles
  and Mumbai was the original home of India's
  textile mills.
• Sugar industry has made considerable progress
  specially in the co-operative sector. Maharashtra
  is well known for the development of co-operative
  sugar industry whereby the farmers acquire a
  share in the sugar mills.
• Pharmaceuticals, petrochemicals, heavy chemicals,
  electronics, automobiles, engineering, food
  processing, and plastics are some of the major
  industries in the state. Maharashtra is renowned
  for the production of three-wheelers, jeeps,
  commercial vehicles and cars, synthetic fibers,
  cold rolled products and industrial alcohol.
• Industrial development in the state is largely
  concentrated in the, Pune Metropolitan Area ,
  Nashik, Aurangabad and Nagpur. The six important
  industries in the state are cotton textiles,
  chemicals, machinery, electricals, transport and
  metallurgy. Pune is emerging as one of the
  largest automobile hubs in the country.

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Karnataka

• Karnataka evolved as the manufacturing hub for
  some of the largest public sector industries of
  India after independence. Hindustan Aeronautics
  Limited which is dedicated to research and
  development activities for indigenous fighter
  aircraft for the Indian Air Force employs over
  9,500 employees making it one of the largest
  public sector employers in Karnataka.
• Other heavy industries such as National Aerospace
  Laboratories, Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited,
  Indian Telephone Industries, Bharat Earth Movers
  Limited (BEML), Bharat Electronics Limited.
• The Karnataka state has many sugar factories in
  northern region and also edible oil processing
  units. There are many pharmaceutical factories
  and textile processing units in state of
  Karnataka. The steel producing units of
  Kirloskar,Jindal, Kalyani groups are located in
  the state.
• There is petroleum refinery, Mangalore Refinery
  and Petrochemicals Limited ( MRPL ) at Katipalla
  in Dakshina Kannada district.There is also
  fertiliser factory MCF near New Mangalore
  port.There are many roof tile and Beedi
  manufacturing firms in coastal districts of the
  state.

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Contd..

• Karnataka's net state domestic product is of 47
  billion.
• Between 19922002, Karnataka attracted the fourth
  highest total Foreign Direct Investment approvals
  in India, to the tune of Rs.21,566 million.
• Karnataka accounts for one third of India's
  Information technology exports.
• Agriculture in Karnataka, like most of India,
  employs 80 of the population. Agriculture and
  its allied activities account for 49 of the
  state's income.
• Uttara Kanara and Dakshina Kanara are cultivated
  with rice and sugarcane.
• Coffee and Tea are also grown on the slopes of
  the Western Ghats in the district of Kodagu,
  Chikmagalur and Hassan.
• Karnataka produces 70 of India's coffee, of
  which about 50 is exported.
• The black soil in the northwest of the state, is
  hospitable for the growth of cotton, onion,
  course cereal, sunflower and peanuts.

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Contd..

• The forests of the Malnad region produce timber,
  bamboo and sandalwood.
• Karnataka is the only exporter of sandalwood in
  the country.
• Most of the world's sandalwood oil is produced in
  Karnataka.
• All of India's gold comes from the Kolar district
  of Karnataka.
• Bangalore, the capital of Karnataka, is home to
  several public sector undertaking aircraft
  companies, such as Hindustan Aeronautics Limited
  (HAL), HMT Hindustan Machine Tools, Bharat Heavy
  Electronics Limited (BHEL), National Aeronautics
  Limited and also Indian Space Research
  Organization (ISRO).

37
Contd..

• A number of "IT Parks" have been set up by the
  Karnataka State Electronics Development
  Corporation Limited including Bangalore's
  "Electronics City" and IT parks in Mangalore,
  Mysore and Hubli.
• Bangalore is also home to prestigious higher
  institutes of learning such as the Indian
  Institute of Science (IISc) and the Indian
  Institute of Management (IIM Bangalore).
• Hubli-Dharwad is the second largest city in
  Karnataka and is one of the 49 Metropolitan
  clusters selected by McKinsey Company as growth
  hotspots in India.
• The University of Agricultural Sciences and the
  Karnataka Universities are internationally
  acclaimed Universities for the quality of
  research and teaching.
• Mysore is the third largest and a very important
  city in Karnataka.
• Being tagged as 'the Heritage City', tourism is a
  major economic driver and while it is among the
  top tourist attractions in India, it is said to
  rank next only to Madame Tussauds in London in
  the list of most-visited tourist attractions
  receiving more than 3 million tourists per year.

38
Contd..

• Mangalore is one of the biggest business centre
  in Karnataka.
• It is the best city to do business, after the
  capital Bangalore.
• It is the 13th best business destination in
  India.
• One of the largest SEZ's in India, the ONGC MSEZ
  is in Mangalore, which is currently the fastest
  growing non-metro in the south.
• Mangalore is one among the only 5 cities in the
  country to have both a Major Port and an
  International Airport.
• Mangalore is one of the top 10 emerging cities of
  India for outsourcing.
• Udupi the temple city is contributing towards the
  higher education with large number of
  professional colleges in Manipal.
• It is also the home of the famous software
  company Robosoft Technologies.

39
Andhra Pradesh

• As of June 2013, the state had 39 operational
  special economic zones (SEZs). There are 272
  Industrial estates and industrial development
  areas in the State, covering an area of 14700
  hectares. The State Government is in the process
  of developing Industrial Parks at different
  places, for specific groups of industries like
  Visakhaatnam Export Processing Zone.
• Food parks, one each in the 2 regions of Coastal
  Andhra (value added rice products, dairy,
  horticultural, marine etc.) and in Rayalseema
  region (processing of vegetables, edible oils and
  export oriented industry). Agri Export Zones for
  the following produce are proposed at the places
  mentioned against them
• Red Chilli Guntur district,
• Mangoes Krishna district,
• Mango pulp and fresh vegetables Chittoor

40
Tamil Nadu

• One of the global electrical equipment public
  sector company BHEL has manufacturing plants at
  Tiruchirappalli and Ranipet. The Tamil Nadu state
  government owns the Tamil Nadu Newsprint and
  Papers (TNPL), the world's biggest bagasse-based
  paper mills in Karur as well as the world's sixth
  largest manufacturer of watches together with
  TATA, under the brand name of "Titan". 40 percent
  of all wind-generated electricity in India is
  created by windmills in Tamil Nadu. Danish wind
  power company NEG Micon has established its
  manufacturing unit in Chennai. Tamil Nadu is a
  leading producer of cement in India and with
  manufacturing units located at Karur,
  Tiruchirappalli, Coimbatore and Ariyalur.
  High-density PolyEthylene (HDPE) mono filament
  yarn and associated products are manufactured in
  Karur.
• Coimbatore is also referred to as "the Pump City"
  as it supplies two thirds of India's requirements
  of motors and pumps. The city is one of the
  largest exporters of jewellery, wet grinders,
  poultry and auto components and the term
  "Coimbatore Wet Grinder" has been given a
  Geographical indication.

41
West Bengal

• Economy of West Bengal, a state in eastern India,
  is primarily dependent on agriculture and
  medium-sized industry, although services and
  heavy industries play an increasingly significant
  role in the economy of the state.
• State industries are mostly localised in the
  Kolkata region, the mineral-rich western
  highlands, and Haldia port region. There are up
  to 10,000 registered factories in the state and
  the West Bengal state government has opened
  Shilpa bandhu, a single window agency in order to
  provide investors with all kinds of assistance in
  establishing and running industrial units.
• Calcutta is noted as one of the major centre for
  industries including the jute industry. There are
  numerous steel plants in the state apart from the
  alloy steel plant at Durgapur. The centre has
  established a number of industries in the areas
  of tea, sugar, chemicals and fertilisers.
• Natural resources like tea and jute in and nearby
  parts has made West Bengal a major centre for the
  jute and tea industries. The state's share of
  total industrial output in India was 9.8 in
  198081, declining to 5 by 199798. However, the
  service sector has grown at a rate higher than
  the national rate.

42
Madhya Pradesh

• The Matang truck was completely developed and
  manufactured by Vehicle Factory Jabalpur.
• Madhya Pradesh has 6 Ordnance Factories, 4 of
  which are located at Jabalpur (Vehicle Factory,
  Grey Iron Foundry, Gun Carriage Factory, Ordnance
  Factory Khamaria) and one each at Katni and
  Itarsi. The factories are run by the Ordnance
  Factories Board, and manufacture a variety of
  products for the Indian Armed Forces.

43
Haryana

• There are numerous manufacturing companies in the
  region. These include Hindustan National Glass,
  Maruti Udyog Limited, Escorts Group, Hero,
  Alcatel, Sony, Whirlpool India, Bharti Telecom,
  Liberty Shoes and HMT. In addition there are more
  than 80,000 small-scale industrial units in the
  state which cumulatively bring in a substantial
  income for the state and its people. Yamunanagar
  district has a paper mill BILT, Haryana has a
  large production of cars, motorcycles, tractors,
  sanitary ware, glass container industry, gas
  stoves and scientific instruments.
• Faridabad is another big industrial part of
  Haryana. It is home to hundreds of large scale
  companies like Orient fans (C.K.Birla Group), JCB
  India Limited, Nirigemes, Agri Machinery Group
  (Escorts Group), Yamaha Motor India Pvt. Ltd.,
  Whirlpool, ABB, Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company,
  Knorr Bremse India Pvt. Ltd. There are thousands
  of medium and small scale units as well, like
  Amrit Enterprises, McAma Industries.
• Panipat is a city of textiles and carpets. It is
  the biggest centre for cheap blankets and carpets
  in India and has a handloom weaving industry. The
  pickle "Pachranga International" is also well
  known.
• Rohtak is fast emerging as an industrial town
  with industries such as Asian Paints, Maruti
  Udyog, Suzuki Motors decided to make Industrial
  Model Town, Rohtak their new home.

44
Uttar Pradesh

• UP has also witnessed rapid industrialization in
  the recent past, particularly after the launch of
  policies of economic liberalization in the
  country.
• There are numerous types of minerals and many
  industries have come up based upon these
  minerals.
• There are a number of cement plants in Mirzapur
  in the Vindhya region, a bauxite-based aluminium
  plant in the Banda region and Sonbhadra region.
• In the hilly regions of the state many
  non-metallic minerals are found which are used as
  industrial raw materials. Coal deposits are found
  in the Singrauli region.

45
Punjab

• The state has essentially an agrarian economy
  with a lower industrial output as compared to
  other states of India.
• A prominent feature of the industrial scenario of
  the Punjab is its small sized industrial units.
• There are nearly 194,000 small scale industrial
  units in the state in addition to 586 large and
  medium units. Ludhiana is an important centre for
  industry.
• In the 1980s there was a chance of a Hero Honda
  and Maruti Suzuki plant to be set up in Ludhiana
  but due to some circumstances of terrorism it was
  cancelled.

46
Contd..

• Important industries
• The industrial units in the state are broadly
  divided into three-
• Agro-based industrial units
• Machinery units
• Chemical units
• In addition there are units in
• Textile industry
• Sugar industry
• Dairy industry

47
Himachal Pradesh

• Ecology has been given importance in the state
  during the last few years. Industries becoming
  the cause of water or air pollution are not
  encouraged. Every industrial project has to be
  passed by the clearance of the Environment
  Protection Organization before its establishment.
  
• Himachal is facing a number of difficulties in
  the advancement of industries. Lack of means of
  dependable transport and poor accessibility was
  one of the major drawbacks.
• Other problems faced by the state were the poor
  mineral resources, non-availability of
  infrastructure and communication facilities,
  shortage of capital and lack of modern skills.
• The only plus point of the state was the ample
  availability of electricity.

48
Rajasthan

• Rajasthan is pre-eminent in quarrying and mining
  in India. The state is the second largest source
  of cement. It has rich salt deposits at Sambhar,
  copper mines at Khetri and zinc mines at Dariba
  and Zawar. This is a chart of output of major
  minerals of Rajasthan.

49
Contd..

• As an area-wise largest state in India, Rajasthan
  is surrounded by Punjab on the north and
  north-east, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh on ease and
  Gujarat on the south-west. This Indian state is a
  leading producer of gold, silver, sandstone,
  limestone, marble, rock phosphate, copper and
  lignite. Offering several opportunities in
  organic and contract farming, Rajasthan is also
  the second largest producer of cement in India.
• It is interesting to know that the world's
  largest centre for gemstone cutting and polishing
  is situated in Jaipur.

50
Contd..

• Having recorded a tourist count of up to 34.59
  million, Rajasthan offers numerous opportunities
  to expand the luxury tourist segment of the
  country as a whole.
• With a 12.83 percent hike in the gross state
  domestic product (GSDP) of Rajasthan from 2004-05
  to 2014-15, Rajasthan has 2.5 percent of its
  economy contributed by the small industries and
  the overall industrial sector.
• Metals such as copper, zinc, mica, gypsum and
  lignite are found in abundance in Rajasthan.
• Witnessing an extensive production of cotton, the
  state's textile industry is also growing at a
  rapid pace.
• Other private industries set on the path of
  success in Rajasthan include caustic soda, sugar,
  ball bearings, vegetable oil, woollen goods, rugs
  and cement. The state contributes one tenth of
  the salt produced in India.
• Rajasthan accounts for India's ninety percent
  mineral reserves.

51
Contd..

• Out of the twenty million hectares of land that
  is being cultivated, only a marginal twenty
  percent land is being irrigated.
• As per the Resurgent Rajasthan Partnerships
  Summit 2015 held in Jaipur on November 19th and
  20th, agreements worth Rs 1.5 lakh crore have
  been signed with firms dealing in sectors
  including textiles, solar, petroleum and mining.
• Aiming to become a prime investment destination
  in India, Rajasthan is seeking plenty of
  investments owning to the inherent climatic
  advantages.
• Having received investment proposals worth Rs
  5000 crore in the textile sector, Rajasthan will
  have more and more textile units getting
  operational which would further generate
  employment opportunities for over 25,000 people
  in 2016 and 2017.

52
Contd..

• There is an exhaustive network of roads in the
  state covering a length of 140,000 km.
• The Rajasthan State Industrial and Investment
  Corporation(RIICO)- a State Government agency has
  already developed 322 industrial areas within the
  state.
• Moreover, all these industrial area are fed with
  power, shops, water, telecommunication facilities
  and roads.
• With RIICO having allotted 1167 acre land to 23
  different Japanese companies in Neemrana, a total
  investment of INR 23.2 billion is expected out of
  the allotted land.
• Plus, it is forecasted that over 4,900 people
  will get employment out of this industrial estate
  in Neemrana.

53
Contd..

• Tourists greatly add to a state's economy.
• On November 4, 2015 that Rajasthan signed the 76
  memoranda of understanding (MOUs) worth Rs 319
  crore in its tourism sector with different
  private entities.
• These MOUs are specially focused on setting up
  hotels, resorts and motels with the aim to
  provide direct employment to over 2800 people.
• Some of the well-identified areas that can be
  consumed for developing eco-tourism projects
  include Jaisamand Lake, Talab-e-Shahi of Dholpur
  and the Sambhar Wetlands of Jaipur.

54
Telangana

• The Hyderabad Information Technology and
  Engineering Consultancy (HITEC) City is a major
  IT hub of Telangana.
• Several major manufacturing and services
  industries are in operation mainly around
  Hyderabad. Automobiles and auto components
  industry, spices, mines and minerals, textiles
  and apparels, pharmaceutical, horticulture,
  poultry farming are the main industries in
  Telangana.
• In terms of services, Hyderabad is usually
  nicknamed as Cyberabad due to its information
  technology foray and location of major software
  industries in the city. Prior to secession, it
  contributed 15 to India's and 98 to Andhra
  Pradesh's exports in IT and ITES sectors last
  2013.
• With Hyderabad as in the front line of
  Telangana's aims to promote information
  technology in India, the city boasts the HITEC
  City as its premier hub.

55
Kerala

• Service industry dominates the Kerala economy.
• Kerala leads many other Indian states and
  territories in terms of per capita GDP (Rs.
  74,620) and economic productivity, and Kerala's
  Human Development Index is the best in India.

56
Jammu and Kashmir

• Jammu and Kashmir's economy is predominantly
  dependent on agriculture and allied activities.
  The Kashmir valley is known for its sericulture
  and cold-water fisheries. Wood from Kashmir is
  used to make high-quality cricket bats, popularly
  known as Kashmir Willow. Kashmiri saffron is very
  famous and brings the state a handsome amount of
  foreign exchange. Agricultural exports from Jammu
  and Kashmir include apples, barley, cherries,
  corn, millet, oranges, rice, peaches, pears,
  saffron, sorghum, vegetables, and wheat, while
  manufactured exports include handicrafts, rugs,
  and shawls.

57
Contd..

• Horticulture plays a vital role in the economic
  development of the state. With an annual turnover
  of over Rs.3 billion (US45 million), apart from
  foreign exchange of over Rs.800 million
  (US12 million), this sector is the next biggest
  source of income in the state's economy. The
  region of Kashmir is known for its horticulture
  industry and is the wealthiest region in the
  state. Horticultural produce from the state
  includes apples, apricots, cherries, pears,
  plums, almonds and walnuts.

58
Contd..

• The Doda district has deposits of high-grade
  sapphire. Though small, the manufacturing and
  services sector is growing rapidly, especially in
  the Jammu division. In recent years, several
  consumer goods companies have opened
  manufacturing units in the region. The Associated
  Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India
  (ASSOCHAM) has identified several industrial
  sectors which can attract investment in the
  state, and accordingly, it is working with the
  union and the state government to set up
  industrial parks and special economic zones. In
  the fiscal year 200506, exports from the state
  amounted to Rs.11.5 billion (US170 million).
  However, industrial development in the state
  faces several major constraints including extreme
  mountainous landscape and power shortage. The
  Jammu Kashmir Bank, which is listed as a SP
  CNX 500 conglomerate, is based in the state. It
  reported a net profit of Rs. 598 million
  (US8.9 million) in 2008.

59
Contd..

• The Government of India has been keen to
  economically integrate Jammu and Kashmir with the
  rest of India. The state is one of the largest
  recipients of grants from New Delhi, totalling
  US812 million per year. It has a mere 4
  incidence of poverty, one of the lowest in the
  country.

60
Contd..

• In an attempt to improve the infrastructure in
  the state, Indian Railways is constructing the
  ambitious Kashmir Railway project at a cost of
  more than US2.5 billion. Trains run on the
  130 km Baramula-Banihal section. The 17.5 km
  Qazigund-Banihal section through the 11 km long
  Pir Panjal Railway Tunnel was commissioned.
  Udhampur-Katra section of the track was
  commissioned early in July 2014. The
  Katra-Banihal section is under construction. The
  route crosses major earthquake zones, and is
  subjected to extreme temperatures of cold and
  heat, as well as inhospitable terrain, making it
  an extremely challenging engineering project. It
  is expected to increase tourism and travel to
  Kashmir. Three other railway lines, the
  BilaspurMandiLeh railway, Srinagar-Kargil-Leh
  railway and the Jammu-Poonch railway have been
  proposed.

61
Chhattisgarh

• Chhattisgarh's gross state domestic product for
  2010 is estimated at INR 60,079 crore in current
  prices. The economy of Chhattisgarh has grown
  rapidly in recent years with a growth rate of
  11.49 per cent in GDP for 20092010.
  Chhattisgarhs success factors in achieving high
  growth rate are growth in agriculture and
  industrial production.
• Tea production
• Chhattisgarh State is ranked as the 17th largest
  tea production state in India. The districts of
  Jashpur and Surguja are favorable tea production
  areas. In Jashpur district, the first tea
  plantation, Brahmnishthajaya Sogara Ashram was
  established under the direction of Pujya Pad
  Gurupad. Tea production started after two years
  at the Sogara Ashram. A tea processing unit was
  established in Sogara Ashram and the unit name
  set as the Aghor Tea Processing Plant. The
  forestry department has also started a tea
  plantation motivated by the Sogara Ashram. In
  Surguja district, a tea nursery is being
  developed by the Margdarshan Sansthan Agriculture
  College in Ambikapur, Surguja.

62
Contd..

• Agriculture
• Agriculture is counted as the chief economic
  occupation of the state. According to a
  government estimate, net sown area of the state
  is 4.828 million hectares and the gross sown area
  is 5.788 million hectares. Horticulture and
  animal husbandry also engage a major share of the
  total population of the state. About 80 of the
  population of the state is rural and the main
  livelihood of the villagers is agriculture and
  agriculture-based small industry.

63
Contd..

• Agricultural products
• The main crops are rice, maize, kodo-kutki and
  other small millets and pulses (tuar and kulthi)
  oilseeds, such as groundnuts (peanuts), soybeans
  and sunflowers, are also grown. In the mid-1990s,
  most of Chhattisgarh was still a monocrop belt.
  Only one-fourth to one-fifth of the sown area was
  double-cropped. When a very substantial portion
  of the population is dependent on agriculture, a
  situation where nearly 80 of a state's area is
  covered only by one crop, immediate attention to
  turn them into double crop areas is needed. Also,
  very few cash crops are grown in Chhattisgarh, so
  there is a need to diversify the agriculture
  produce towards oilseeds and other cash crops.
  Chhattisgarh is also called the "rice bowl of
  central India".

64
Contd..

• Irrigation
• In Chhattisgarh, rice, the main crop, is grown on
  about 77 of the net sown area. Only about 20 of
  the area is under irrigation the rest depends on
  rain. Of the three agroclimatic zones, about 73
  of the Chhattisgarh plains, 97 of the Bastar
  plateau and 95 of the northern hills are
  rainfed. The irrigated area available for double
  cropping is only 87,000 ha in Chhattisgarh plains
  and 2300 ha in Bastar plateau and northern hills.
  Due to this, the productivity of rice and other
  crops is low, hence the farmers are unable to
  obtain economic benefits from agriculture and it
  has remained as subsistence agriculture till now,
  though agriculture is the main occupation of more
  than 80 of the population.

65
Contd..

• Industrial sector
• Power sector
• Chhattisgarh is one of the few states of India
  where the power sector is effectively developed.
  Based on the current production of surplus
  electric power, the position of the State is
  comfortable and profitable. The Chhattisgarh
  State Electricity Board (CSEB) is in a strong
  position to meet the electricity requirement of
  the new state and is in good financial health.
  Chhattisgarh provides electricity to several
  other states because of surplus production.
• As per a study made by the Power Finance
  Corporation Ltd., New Delhi, the state has
  potential of 61000 MW of additional thermal power
  in terms of availability of coal for more than
  100 years and more than 2500 MW hydel capacity.
  To use this vast potential, substantial additions
  to the existing generation capacity are already
  under way.

66
Contd..

• Steel sector
• The steel industry is one of the biggest heavy
  industries of Chhattisgarh. Bhilai Steel Plant,
  Bhilai operated by SAIL, with a capacity of 5.4
  million tonnes per year, is regarded as a
  significant growth indicator of the state. More
  than 100 steel rolling mills, 90 sponge iron
  plants and ferro-alloy units are in Chhattisgarh.
  Along with Bhilai, today Raipur, Bilaspur, Korba
  and Raigarh have become the steel hub of
  Chhattisgarh. Today, Raipur has become the center
  of the steel sector, the biggest market for steel
  in India.

67
Contd..

• Aluminium sector
• The aluminium industry of Chhattisgarh was
  established by Bharat Aluminum Company Limited,
  which has a capacity of around one million tonnes
  each year.
• Natural resources
• Forest
• Forests occupy 41.33 of the total area (as per
  the latest report by the Indian Forest Service)
  and the rich forest resources include wood, tendu
  leaves, honey and lac.
• Mineral deposits
• Chhattisgarh is rich in minerals. It produces 20
  of the country's total cement produce. It ranks
  first in the nation for coal production and
  second in reserves, third in iron ore production
  and first in tin production. Limestone, dolomite
  and bauxite are abundant. It is the only tin-ore
  producing state in the country. Other minerals
  include corandum, garnet, quartz, marble,
  alexandrite and diamonds.

68
Contd..

• Information and technologies
• In recent years, Chhattisgarh is also getting
  exposure in information technology (IT) projects
  and consultancy. Its government is also promoting
  IT and has set up a body to take care of the IT
  solutions. The body, known as CHIPS, is providing
  large IT projects such as Choice, Swan, etc.

69
Contd..

• Major companies
• Major companies with a presence in the state
  include
• Metal Bhilai Steel Plant, Jindal Steel and
  Power, Bharat Aluminium Company, Baldev Alloys
  Pvt Ltd
• Oil Indian Oil Corporation
• Engineering Simplex Casting Ltd,
• Real estate CHPL-Dream-Homes (Chouhan Housing
  Pvt Ltd.)
• Mining NMDC, South Eastern Coalfields
• Power  NTPC, Lanco Infratech, KSK Energy
  Ventures, Vandana Vidyut, Chhattisgarh State
  Power Generation Company, Jindal Power Limited.

70
Contd..

• Exports
• Chhattisgarhs total exports were US353.3
  million in 2009-10. Nearly 75 per cent of exports
  comes from Bhilai and the remaining from Urla,
  Bhanpuri and Sirgitti. The major exports products
  include steel, handicrafts, handlooms, blended
  yarn, food and agri-products, iron, aluminium,
  cement, minerals and engineering products. CSIDC
  (Chhattisgarh State Industrial Development
  Corporation Limited) is the nodal agency of the
  Government of Chhattisgarh for export promotion
  in the state.

71
Demand pattern of specific export market specific
products
72
Selection of products for export by Indian firms

• Items with increasing demand in global markets
  need to be identified.
• Competitor countries from where these items are
  entering in these markets need to be examined.
• Indias strengths in these products need to be
  analysed and focused strategy for export needs to
  be undertaken.

73
Contd..

• Ministry of Commerce had undertaken study of New
  Export Basket with Focus and Value Added
  Products.
• It was enriched that newer commodities need to be
  promoted, value added products need to be
  identified and strategy for the newly identified
  commodities needs to be formulated.

74
Top 20 Biggest Sectors of 2012 in WLD to WLD
Imports Indias Share

• The total global imports in the World for all 99
  Chapters (at digit HS code) and approximately
  5010 commodities (at 6 digit HS code) is to the
  tune of USD 11595.470 Bn. in 2012.
• The top 20 sectors of World to world imports
  constitute 80 i.e. USD 9303.846 Bn. of the total
  global imports, whereas in Indias case, these 20
  sectors constitute 70 of the entire Indias
  exports basket of 2012 in terms of value.

75
Share of India in World Imports
Sl.No. HS Code Product Name Share IndiagtWorld Imports Share IndiagtWorld Imports Share IndiagtWorld Imports
Sl.No. HS Code Product Name 2012 2011 2010
1 27 Mineral Fuels, Mineral Oils and Products of their Distillation Bituminous Substances Mineral Waxes 2.45 1.85 1.68
2 85 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliance parts thereof 0.72 0.53 0.43
3 84 Electrical machinery and equipment and parts thereof sound recorders and reproducers, television image and sound recorders and reproducers and parts and accessories of such articles 0.78 0.54 0.46
4 87 Vehicles other than railway or tramway rolling stock, and parts and accessories thereof 1.42 0.86 0.9
5 71 Natural or cultured pearls, precious or semi-precious stones, precious metals, metals clad with precious metal, and articles thereof imitation jewellery coin 10.53 10.58 8.59
6 39 Plastics and articles thereof 1.41 1 0.76
7 30 Pharmaceutical Products 2.75 1.79 1.43
8 90 Optical, Photographic, Cinematographic, measuring, checking, precision, medical or surgical instruments and apparatus parts and accessories thereof 0.61 0.36 0.32
9 29 Organic Chemicals 4.19 2.44 2.26
10 72 Iron and Steel 2.88 1.76 1.88
11 73 Articles of Iron or Steel 3.88 2.36 2.65
12 40 Rubber and Articles thereof 1.89 1.17 1
13 94 Furniture Bedding, Mattresses, Mattress supports, cushions and similar stuffed furnishings Lamps and Lighting fittings, not elsewhere specified or included illuminated signs, illuminate name-plates and the like Prefabricated Building 0.71 0.5 0.43
14 61 Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, knitted or crocheted 3.93 3.17 2.81
15 62 Articles of apparel and clothing accessories not knitted or crocheted 5.34 4.19 3.66
16 48 Paper and paperboard articles of Paper pulp, of paper or of paperboard 0.75 0.5 0.47
17 38 Miscellaneous Chemical Products 2.41 1.42 1.41
18 88 Aircraft, Spacecraft and parts thereof 1.65 1.42 0.99
19 76 Aluminium and Articles thereof 1.55 0.87 0.97
20 26 Ores, Slag and Ash 3.46 1.67 3.11
76
13 out of 89 commodities have RCA positive in
2012 and share of India to world to world
imports increasing over the years (strong items)
Sl. No. HS Code Product Name
1 230400 OIL-CAKE AND OTHR SOLID RESIDUE W/N GRND/IN PLLTS FORM OBTND FRM SOYA-BEAN OIL EXTRCTN
2 300490 OTHER MEDCNE PUT UP FOR RETAIL SALE
3 401120 NEW PNMTC TYRES USED ON BUSES/LORRIES
4 610910  T-SHIRTS ETC OF COTTON
5 620342 TROUSERS BIB AND BRACE OVERALLS BREECHES AND SHORTS OF COTTON FOR MEN'S AND BOYS'
6 620462 TROUSERS,BIB AND BRACE OVERALLS, BREECHES AND SHORTS OF COTTON
7 711319 ARTCLS OF OTHR PRCS MTL W/N PLTD OR CLAD
8 760110 ALUMINIUM-NOT ALLOYED
9 852390 OTHER PREPARED UNRECORDED MEDIA
10 870323 VEHICLES WITH SPARK-IGNITION INTERNAL COMBUSTION RECIPROCATING ENGINE OF A CYLINDER CAPACITYgt1500 CC BTlt3000
11 870899 OTR PRTSANDACCSSRS OF VHCLS OF HDG 8701-8705
12 880330 OTHER PARTS OF AEROPLANES OR HELICOPTERS
13 940360 OTHER WOODEN FURNITURE
77
72 Commodities with share increasing but less
than 2 (Bright Prospects)
Sl.No. HS Code (2 Digit Level) Commodities In Numbers
(A) major commodities at 2 Digit level are (A) major commodities at 2 Digit level are (A) major commodities at 2 Digit level are (A) major commodities at 2 Digit level are
1. 85 ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT AND PARTS THEREOF SOUND RECORDERS AND REPRODUCERS, TELEVISION IMAGE AND SOUND RECORDERS AND REPRODUCERS,AND PARTS. 19
2. 84 NUCLEAR REACTORS, BOILERS, MACHINERY AND MECHANICAL APPLIANCES PARTS THEREOF. 15
3. 87 VEHICLES OTHER THAN RAILWAY OR TRAMWAY ROLLING STOCK, AND PARTS AND ACCESSORIES THEREOF. 11
(B) OTHERS (B) OTHERS (B) OTHERS (B) OTHERS
4. 29 ORGANIC CHEMICALS 3
5. 39 PLASTIC AND ARTICLES THEREOF. 3
6. 90 OPTICAL, PHOTOGRAPHIC CINEMATOGRAPHIC MEASURING, CHECKING PRECISION, MEDICAL OR SURGICAL INST. AND APPARATUS PARTS AND ACCESSORIES THEREOF 3
7. 30 PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS 2
8. 61 ARTICLES OF APPAREL AND CLOTHING ACCESSORIES, KNITTED OR CORCHETED. 2
78
Contd.
Sl.No. HS Code (2 Digit Level) Commodities In Numbers
9. 21 MISCELLANEOUS EDIBLE PREPARATIONS. 1
10. 22 BEVERAGES, SPIRITS AND VINEGAR. 1
11. 26 ORES, SLAG AND ASH. 1
12. 27 MINERAL FUELS, MINERAL OILS AND PRODUCTS OF THEIR DISTILLATION BITUMINOUS SUBSTANCES MINERAL WAXES. 1
13. 33 ESSENTIAL OILS AND RESINOIDS PERFUMERY, COSMETIC OR TOILET PREPARATIONS. 1
14. 40 RUBBER AND ARTICLES THEREOF. 1
15. 62 ARTICLES OF APPAREL AND CLOTHING ACCESSORIES, NOT KNITTED OR CROCHETED. 1
16. 64 FOOTWEAR, GAITERS AND THE LIKE PARTS OF SUCH ARTICLES. 1
17. 73 ARTICLES OF IRON OR STEEL 1
18. 88 AIRCRAFT, SPACECRAFT, AND PARTS THEREOF. 1
19. 94 FURNITURE BEDDING, MATTRESSES, MATTRESS SUPPORTS, CUSHIONS AND SIMILAR STUFFED FURNISHING LAMPS AND LIGHTING FITTINGS NOT ELSEWHERE SPECIFIED OR INC 1
20. 95 TOYS, GAMES AND SPORTS REQUISITES PARTS AND ACCESSORIES THEREOF. 1
79
Exporters Questionnaire
80
For a proper export planning following questions
need to answered

• Which products are selected for export
  development?
• What modifications, if any, must be made to adapt
  them for overseas markets?
• Which countries are targeted sales development?
• In each country, what is the basic customer
  profile ?
• What marketing and distribution channels should
  be used to reach customers?
• What special challenges pertain to each market
  (competition, cultural differences, import
  controls, etc.), and what strategy will be used
  to address them?
• How will the products export sale price be
  determined?
• What specific operational steps must be taken and
  when?
• What will be the time frame for implementing each
  element of the plan?
• What personnel and company resources will be
  dedicated to exporting?
• What will be the cost in time and money for each
  element?
• How will results be evaluated and used to modify
  the plan?

81
Export Readiness Assessment (ERA) Questionnaire
For filling up this questionnaire, please
register and Login at http//indiabr.com/
82
Contd..
83
Contd.
84
Contd..
85
Thank You..