OSHA

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OSHA

• Bloodborne Pathogen Training

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OSHAs Mission

• With the Occupational Safety and Health Act of
  1970, Congress created the Occupational Safety
  and Health Administration (OSHA) to assure safe
  and healthful working conditions for working men
  and women by setting and enforcing standards and
  by providing training, outreach, education and
  assistance.

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OSHA Standards

• In 1991, OSHA issued the original Bloodborne
  Pathogens Standard (29 CFR 1910.1030) in efforts
  to protect workers from the risk of exposure.
• http//www.osha.gov/SLTC/bloodbornepathogens/stand
  ards.html

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General Duty Clause

• OSH Act, Section 5(a)(1) refers to the General
  Duty Clause which requires the employer to
  provide their employees a place of employment
  that is free from recognized hazards that are
  likely to cause death or serious physical harm to
  the employees.

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General Duty Continued

• Section 5(a)(2) requires the employers to
  complywith occupational safety and health
  standards declared under the OSH Act.

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29 CFR 1910.1030 (d)(2)(i)

• This paragraph of the Bloodborne Pathogen
  Standard requires the use of engineering and work
  practice controls to eliminate or minimize
  employee exposure to bloodborne pathogens.

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29 CFR 1910.1030 (h)(5)(i)

• States that the employer must evaluate and use
  changes in technology that eliminate or reduce
  exposure to bloodborne pathogens.

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Who is at Risk?

• Could you reasonably come into contact with
  blood?
• Accidents happen - Everyone is potentially at
  risk.
• It is recommended that all employees at risk
  should obtain Hepatitis B vaccine. The vaccine
  is available free of charge to employees at risk
  of exposure to blood.

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Potential Occupational Exposure Risks In A Public
Setting

• Giving First Aid
• Working with high risk individuals
• Handling sharp objects
• Cleaning up blood or body fluids

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Bloodborne Pathogens are NOT transmitted by

• Touching an infected person
• Coughing or Sneezing
• Using the same equipment, materials, toilets,
  water fountains or showers as an infected person
• It is important that you know which ways are
  viable means of transmission for bbps in your
  workplace, and which are not.

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What are Bloodborne Pathogens?

• Microorganisms in human blood
• This includes, but is not limited to
• Hepatitis B virus (HBV)
• HIV/AIDS
• Hepatitis C, D, and E
• Syphilis
• Malaria

Hep. B Virus
HIV
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The ABCs of Hepatitis
Type Transmission Vaccine
Complications
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Hepatitis B is 100 times more contagious than HIV
Hep B 500,000,000 particles per tsp. of blood
HIV 5 - 10 particles per tsp. of blood
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Hepatitis B Vaccination

• The OSHA bloodborne pathogen standard requires
  employers to offer the 3 injection vaccination
  series free to all employees who are exposed to
  blood or other potentially infectious materials
  as part of their job duties.

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Documenting Hep B Vaccinations

• The vaccination must be offered within 10 days of
  the employees initial employment.
• All employees who are offered the vaccination
  series must document their vaccination decision
  on the Employee Screening Record, page 3 of the
  Occupational Health Record, ODH Form No. 807
• This form is often referred to as the Hep B
  Declination Statement

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Potentially Infectious Body Fluids Include

• Blood
• Blood Products
• Blood Components
• Saliva
• Breast Milk
• Any Body Fluid that Visibly Contains blood
• Any Body Fluid you CANNOT Identify

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How Can Infectious Body Fluids Be Transmitted?
INFECTIOUS BODY FLUIDS

• Open Sores
• Cuts
• Abrasions
• Acne
• Eyes
• Nose
• Mouth
• Accidental puncture from needles, broken glass,
  etc.
• Sharps
• Sexual Contact

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What are Standard Precautions
STANDARD PRECAUTIONS

• Standard Precautions Treat ALL blood and body
  fluids as if they were infectious.
• Always place a barrier between yourself and the
  body fluids of others.

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Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

• A barrier protects!!

But dont over do it!!!
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PPE Rules to Follow

• Always wear PPE in exposure situations
• Remove and replace torn or punctured PPE
• Remove PPE before leaving the work area

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PPE General Guidelines

• Persons must be trained to use the equipment
  properly.
• The equipment must be appropriate for the task
  and should fit properly.
• Appropriate PPE must be used each time a task
  involving infectious materials is performed.

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PPE Guidelines

• The employer must make PPE readily accessible in
  the work area.
• The employer must maintain, replace or dispose of
  PPE at no cost to the employee.
• Persons should dispose of PPE appropriately.

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Gloves

• Protective gloves should be available in every
  workplace.
• Gloves should be made of latex, nitrile, rubber,
  or other water impervious materials.

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• Always Check Your Gloves for Damage Before Using
  Them.
• Dont use Damaged Equipment.
• If you have a latex allergy, notify your
  supervisor.

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Goggles

• Could it splash or vaporize??
• You must protect your eyes.

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Face Mask

• Will Protect the Mouth and Nose.

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Face Shields

• Help protect the nose and mouth.

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Aprons

• May be worn to protect your clothing and to keep
  blood or other contaminated fluids from soaking
  through to your skin.

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Mouth Piece

• Use a barrier mouth piece for CPR.

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PUT YOURSELF FIRST!!

• In an emergency, before you can help others, you
  must protect yourself.
• Dont forget to use Standard Precautions.
• Dont forget your PPE.

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OSHA Work Practice Controls

• Never
• Eat
• Drink
• Smoke
• Apply cosmetics or lip balm
• Handle contact lenses
• in areas where there is a chance of exposure.

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Keep away from food!!

• Never store potentially infectious materials in a
  refrigerator or cabinet, or on shelves and
  counter tops where food or drinks are kept.

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Broken Glass and Sharps
WORK PRACTICE CONTROLS

• Never pick up broken glass or metal sharps with
  your hands - even if you are wearing gloves. Use
  pliers, tongs, or a broom and dustpan to dispose
  of the sharp item.

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Clean Up
WORK PRACTICE CONTROLS

• Use absorbent materials on any blood or body
  fluids. This will prevent them from being
  splashed and splattered.

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Housekeeping and Decontamination

• Clean all equipment and work areas as soon as
  possible with agency approved product.
• (see Infection Control Manual for description)

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Disinfectants

• 1 part bleach to 10 parts water
• ¼ cup to 1 gallon water
• Always rinse with clear water afterwards to limit
  corrosion

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Disposal of Bio-hazardous Material

• All contaminated gowns, gloves and materials used
  in cleaning and disinfecting are to be placed in
  a biohazard bag or box.

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Signs Labels

• Signs and labels communicate hazards to
  employees.
• Warning labels must be affixed to containers of
  regulated waste, refrigerators , freezers, or any
  container that is used to store, transport, or
  ship blood or other potentially infectious
  materials.

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Color Coding

• The labels must display the universal biohazard
  symbol.
• The term biohazard must appear in a color that
  contrasts with the fluorescent orange or
  orange-red background.

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Exposure Incidents

• Even with a comprehensive infection control plan
  in place, human error or unexpected circumstances
  can result in an occupational exposure to
  potentially infectious body fluids.
• Exposures are classified as occupational when
  they are received by the employee while
  performing the duties of their job

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Examples of Incidents

• A percutaneous injury involving a potentially
  contaminated sharp instrument.
• A splash of blood or other potentially infectious
  material to the eyes, mouth, or mucous membranes.
• Blood or other potentially infectious materials
  contacting broken skin.

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Recordkeeping

• The Bloodborne Pathogen Standard requires that
  employers maintain medical records on all
  employees who have received an occupational
  exposure.
• The record must include the name, SSN, hep B
  vaccination status (dates included), medical
  testing, follow up, the healthcare providers
  written opinion, and a copy of the information
  provided to the healthcare professional.

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Records

• BBP training records must include the
  following and be maintained for 3 years.
• Dates of training.
• A summary or the contents of the training.
• Names qualifications of all persons attending
  the training.
• Names job titles of all persons attending the
  training.

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Protect Yourself

• Take advantage of Hepatitis B vaccination
  programs.
• ALWAYS utilize Standard Precautions.
• Immediately report exposures to your
  administrator or supervisor.
• Complete an incident report following exposures.
• Refer to the Infection Control Manual for
  exposure management.

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Thank You !!