Bell Ringer

1
Bell Ringer

• Please grab the reading primary account from the
  slave trade
• Read and answer the questions on a separate sheet
  of paper.

2
Japan Limits Western Contacts

• Setting the stage
• 1467-1568 Warring States period.
• Daimyo warrior-chieftains who employed samurai
• The daimyos fought each other for control of the
  country

3
First Attempts at Unification

• Oda Nobunaga seized the imperial capital Kyoto
• Used firearms effectively during battle for the
  first time in Japan
• Committed seppuku after betrayed by his own
  general.

4

• Toyotomi Hideyoshi Nobunagas best general
• Through force and alliances he controlled most of
  Japan
• He invaded Korea and began long campaign against
  Korea and Ming dynasty in China
• Died without being victorious

5
Tokugawa Shogunate

• Tokugawa Ieyasu ally of Hideyoshi who unified
  Japan
• Defeated enemies at the Battle of Sekigahara.
• Became shogun (leader) of Japan
• Moved his capital to Edo, which later became Tokyo

6

• Reforms
• Forced daimyo to spend every other year in Tokyo
• Had to leave their family in Edo as hostages
• Result was rule of law over rule by sword

7
Tokugawa Society

• Peace meant greater production of food.
• Merchants class became rich but peasant farmers
  still led difficult lives.

8

• Confucian ideas were important in Japan but led
  to different results than in China
• Farmers were heavily taxed, and people flocked to
  cities
• Cities grew, and Edos population was greater
  than one million in 1600.

9

• Culture
• Kabuki elaborate costumes, dance, mime
  concerned with urban life
• Haiku poetry that presented ideas. It had a
  very particular structure.
• Basho greatest Haiku poet.

10
Japan and Europe

• 1543 Portuguese sailors wash up onto Japan.
  Japan is interested in the outsiders.
• Portuguese traders bring eyeglasses, tobacco, and
  clocks to Japanese markets
• Daimyo were interested in European firearms and
  cannons.

11

• Christian missionaries arrived alongside
  merchants
• Francis Xavier led the first mission to convert
  Japanese
• The missionaries were successful 300,000
  converts by 1600.

12

• Ieyasu reacts to the success by banning
  Christianity in 1612.
• In 1637 there was a rebellion by peasants against
  the government
• Many of the peasants were Christians therefore
  the government persecuted Christians eliminated
  the religion in Japan.

13
Closed Country Policy

• Japan eventually closes off their country to
  outsiders
• One port (Nagasaki) is left open to Chinese and
  Dutch ships
• Japanese government has monopoly on foreign trade
• This isolation exists for over 200 years