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E-government in the social security sector

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Title: E-government in the social security sector


1
E-government in the social security sector
Frank Robben General manager Crossroads Bank for
Social Security Strategic advisor Federal Public
Service for ICT Sint-Pieterssteenweg 375 B-1040
Brussels E-mail Frank.Robben_at_ksz.fgov.be Website
http//www.law.kuleuven.ac.be/icri/frobben
Crossroads Bank for Social Security Federal
Public Service for ICT (FEDICT)
2
What is E-government ?
  • E-government is a continuous optimization of
    service delivery and governance by transforming
    internal and external relationships through
    technology, internet and new media
  • external relationships
  • government lt-gt citizen
  • government lt-gt business
  • internal relationships
  • government lt-gt government
  • government lt-gt employees
  • all relationships
  • are bidirectional
  • can be within a country or border-crossing

3
Government
  • not monolithic
  • EU
  • in every country
  • federal level
  • regions
  • communities
  • provinces
  • municipalities
  • parapublic institutions
  • private instutions participating in delivery of
    public services
  • integrated E-government is based upon common
    strategy, multilateral agreements and
    interoperability
  • E-government contains the opportunity to realize
    one virtual electronic government with full
    respect for every specific competence

4
Advantages
  • efficiency gains
  • in terms of costs same services at lower total
    costs, e.g.
  • unique information collection using co-ordinated
    notions and administrative instructions
  • less re-encoding of information by electronic
    information exchange
  • less contacts
  • functional task sharing concerning information
    management, information validation and
    application development (distributed information
    systems)
  • in terms of quantity more services at same total
    cost, e.g.
  • all services are available at any time, from
    anywhere and from any device
  • integrated service delivery
  • in terms of speed same services at same total
    cost in less time
  • reduction of waiting and travel time
  • direct interaction with competent government body
  • real time feedback for the user

5
Advantages
  • effectiveness gains
  • in terms of quality same services at same total
    cost in same time, but to a higher quality
    standard, e.g.
  • more integrated service delivery
  • more correct service delivery
  • personalized and participative service delivery
  • more transparant and comprehensive service
    delivery
  • more secure service delivery
  • possibility of quality control on service
    delivery process by customer
  • in terms of type of services new types of
    services, e.g.
  • push system automatic granting of or information
    about services
  • active search of non-take-up using
    datawarehousing techniques
  • controlled management of own personal information
  • personalized simulation environments

6
E-government a structural reform process
  • ICT is only a means by which a result may be
    obtained
  • E-government requires
  • considering information as a strategic resource
    for all government activity
  • change of basic mindset from government centric
    to customer centric
  • re-engineering of processes within each
    government institution, each government level and
    across government levels
  • clear definition of mission and core tasks of
    every government body

7
E-government a structural reform process
  • E-government requires
  • co-operation between government bodies one
    virtual electronic government, with respect for
    mission and core tasks of each government body
    and government level
  • co-operation between government and private
    sector
  • adequate legal environment elaborated at the
    correct level
  • interoperability framework ICT, security, unique
    identification keys, harmonized concepts
  • implementation with a decentralized approach, but
    with co-ordinated planning and program management
    (think global, act local)
  • adequate measures to prevent a digital divide

8
Information as resource implications
  • information modelling
  • information is being modelled in such a way that
    the model fits in as close as possible with the
    real world
  • definition of information elements
  • definition of attributes of information elements
  • definition of relations between information
    elements
  • information modelling takes into account as much
    as possible the expectable use cases of the
    information
  • the information model can be flexibly extended or
    adapted when the real world or the use cases of
    the information change

9
Information as resource implications
  • unique collection and re-use of information
  • information is only collected for well-defined
    purposes and in a proportional way to these
    purposes
  • all information is collected once, as close to
    the authentic source as possible
  • information is collected via a supplier-chosen
    channel, but preferably in an electronic way,
    using uniform basic services (single sign on,
    arrival receipt of a file, notification for each
    message, )
  • information is collected according to the
    information model and on the base of uniform
    administrative instructions

10
Information as resource implications
  • unique collection and re-use of information
  • with the possibility of quality control by the
    supplier before the transmission of the
    information
  • the collected information is validated once
    according to an established task sharing, by the
    most entitled institution or by the institution
    which has the greatest interest in a correct
    validation
  • and then shared and re-used by authorized users

11
Information as resource implications
  • management of information
  • information in all forms (e.g. voice, print,
    electronic or image) is managed efficiently
    through its life cycle
  • a functional task sharing is established
    indicating which institution stores which
    information in an authentic way, manages the
    information and keeps it at the disposal of the
    authorized users
  • information is stored according to the
    information model
  • information can be flexibly assembled according
    to ever changing legal notions
  • all information is subject to the application of
    agreed measures to ensure integrity and
    consistency

12
Information as resource implications
  • management of information
  • every institution has to report probable
    improprieties of information to the institution
    that is designated to validate the information
  • every institution that has to validate
    information according to the agreed task sharing,
    has to examine the reported probable
    improprieties, to correct them when necessary and
    to communicate the correct information to every
    known interested institution
  • information will be retained and managed as long
    as there exists a business need, a legislative or
    policy requirement, or, preferably anonimized or
    encoded, when it has historical or archival
    importance

13
Information as resource implications
  • electronic exchange of information
  • once collected and validated, information is
    stored, managed and exchanged electronically to
    avoid transcribing and re-entering it manually
  • electronic information exchange can be initiated
    by
  • the institution that disposes of information
  • the institution that needs information
  • the institution that manages the interoperability
    framework
  • electronic information exchanges take place on
    the base of a functional and technical
    interoperabilty framework that evolves
    permanently but gradually according to open
    market standards, and is independent from the
    methods of information exchange

14
Information as resource implications
  • electronic exchange of information
  • available information is used for the automatic
    granting of benefits, for prefilling when
    collecting information and for information
    delivery to the concerned persons

15
Information as resource implications
  • protection of information
  • security, integrity and confidentiality of
    government information will be ensured by
    integrating ICT measures with structural,
    organizational, physical, personnel screening and
    other security measures according to agreed
    policies
  • personal information is only used for purposes
    compatible with the purposes of the collection of
    the information
  • personal information is only accessible to
    authorized institutions and users according to
    business needs, legislative or policy requirement
  • the access authorisation to personal information
    is granted by an independent institution, after
    having checked whether the access conditions are
    met
  • the access authorizations are public

16
Information as resource implications
  • protection of information
  • every concrete electronic exchange of personal
    information is preventively checked on compliance
    with the existing access authorisations by an
    independent institution managing the
    interoperability framework
  • every concrete electronic exchange of personal
    information is logged, to be able to trace
    possible abuse afterwards
  • every time information is used to take a
    decision, the used information is communicated to
    the concerned person together with the decision
  • every person has right to access and correct his
    own personal data

17
Customer centric
  • unique declaration of every event during the life
    cycle/business episode of a customer and
    automatic granting of all related services, e.g.

18
Customer centric
  • delivery of services that cannot be granted
    automatically to a customer
  • in an integrated way
  • information
  • interaction
  • transaction
  • re-using all available information
  • harmonized concepts
  • back-office integration
  • prefilled information

19
Customer centric
  • delivery of services that cannot be granted
    automatically to a customer (ctd)
  • in a personalized way
  • look feel and interface
  • content
  • only relevant information and transactions
  • personalized support
  • contextual help
  • own language
  • adapted vocabulary
  • on-line simulations
  • or at least based on the way of thinking of the
    customer group
  • life events (birth, marriage, etc.) or business
    episodes (starting a company, recruiting
    personnel, etc.)
  • life styles (sport, culture, etc.)
  • life status (unemployed, retired, etc.) or
    business sectors
  • specific target groups

20
Customer centric
  • declaration of events and service delivery via an
    access method chosen by the customer
  • application to application
  • various end-user devices
  • PC, GSM, PDA, digital TV, kiosks,
  • file transfer
  • use of intermediaries
  • use of integrated customer relation management
    tools
  • service delivery in principle free of charge

21
Co-operation between government levels
  • in Belgium, a co-operation agreement has been
    signed between federal government, regions and
    communities
  • coordinated offer of e-services to
    citizens/companies
  • guarantee that a citizen/company can use the same
    tools
  • terminal
  • software
  • electronic signature
  • guarantee of a unique data collection from the
    citizen/company
  • with respect for the partition of competences
    between government levels

22
Co-operation agreement between government levels
  • co-ordinated, customer oriented service delivery
  • agreements have to be made on common standards
  • mutual tuning of portals, middleware, websites
    and back offices
  • use of common identification keys and electronic
    signature
  • mutual tuning of business processes when
    necessary
  • gradual mutual task-sharing on data storage in
    authentic form
  • common policy on SLAs and security

23
Co-operation government and private sector
  • private companies as service providers (sharing
    of investments), e.g.
  • network and security management
  • co-sourcing in BPR and development/maintenance/hou
    sing of ICT building blocks, e.g.
  • certification authorities
  • portals
  • private companies as partners
  • integrated work flow with their own information
    systems, e.g.
  • e-procurement
  • tax declaration
  • social security declarations

24
Changes of the legal environment
  • organization of integrated data management and
    electronic service delivery legal base for Royal
    Decree exists
  • functional task sharing on information management
  • obligation to respect unique data collection from
    the customer
  • obligation to exchange information in an
    electronic way
  • permission or obligation to use unique
    identification keys
  • harmonization of basic concepts

25
Changes of legal environment
  • ICT-law
  • data protection
  • public access to information
  • electronic signature
  • probative value
  • no overregulation
  • only basic principles
  • technology-neutral, but not technology unaware

26
Interoperability framework
  • goal to guarantee the ability of government
    organizations and customers to share information
    and integrate information and business processes
    by use of
  • interoperable ICT
  • common security framework
  • common identification keys/sets for every entity
  • harmonized concepts and data modelling

27
ICT interoperability
  • examples on
  • www.govtalk.gov.uk and www.e-government.govt.nz
    (recent frameworks based on actual open ICT
    standards, to be implemented)
  • www.ksz.fgov.be (framework started in 1991 and
    implemented between 2.000 Belgian social security
    institutions, with unique gateway to foreign
    social security institutions within the EU, and
    continuously adapted to evolving and proven ICT
    standards with backwards compatibility)
  • tendency to use of open ICT standards
  • but ICT is so dynamic and fast changing that ICT
    standards are in an almost constant state of
    evolution
  • huge need to agreements on how to ensure
    functional interoperability, far beyond technical
    interoperability

28
Functional ICT interoperability
  • standardized codification (e.g. institutions,
    return codes, )
  • standardized use of objects and attributes
  • standardized layout of header of messages,
    independent from information exchange format
    (EDI, XML, ) and type of information exchange
  • version management
  • backwards compatibility
  • SLAs on availability and performance of services
  • access autorisation management
  • anonimization rules
  • acceptation and production environments
  • priority management

29
Common security framework
  • issues
  • confidentiality
  • integrity
  • availability
  • authentication
  • autorisation
  • non-repudiation
  • audit

30
Common security framework
  • specific points of interest
  • risk awareness based on risk analysis
  • security policies
  • structural and organisational aspects
  • encryption standards
  • electronic user and identity management
  • identification
  • authentication
  • validation of characteristics or mandates
  • autorisation
  • registration procedures
  • PKI-environment
  • application security

31
Common identification keys
  • at least common identification keys and
    identification sets for every entity
  • person
  • company
  • patch of ground
  • between nations
  • unique schemes
  • conversion tables
  • regulation of interconnection of information
    based on unique identification keys

32
Common identification keys
  • characterictics
  • unicity
  • one entity one identification key
  • same identification key is not assigned to
    several entities
  • exhaustivity
  • every entity to be identified has an
    identification key
  • stability through time
  • identification key doesnt contain variable
    characterics of the identified entity
  • identification key doesnt contain references to
    the identification key or characteristics of
    other entities
  • identification key doesnt change when a quality
    or characteristic of the identified entity changes

33
Harmonized concepts and data model
  • standard elements
  • with well defined characteristics
  • used within all services
  • OO-oriented, e.g. inheritance in a multilingual
    environment
  • version management in an ever changing
    environment
  • define once, use many (different presentations)
  • workflow for validation of standard elements and
    characteristics
  • multi criteria search
  • by element
  • by scheme
  • by version

34
A methodology to harmonize concepts
  • inventory of all documents (frequently) used for
    information collection
  • inventory of collected information
  • classification of collected information using a
    clustering methodology
  • decomposition of collected information into real
    life classes with description of the asked
    attributes
  • analysis of goals what is every real life
    classes used for ?
  • setting up of simplification propositions (e.g.
    senseless different treatment of same real life
    object)

35
A methodology to harmonize concepts
  • based on the simplification propositions, framing
    out of an OO information model for information to
    be collected
  • design of XML-schemas for the collecting of the
    information, corresponding to the OO information
    model
  • legislative adaptations in order to introduce the
    uniform definitions of the information classes
  • procedures in order to guarantee the consistency
    of the OO information model in an ever changing
    legal environment

36
Some interesting Belgian projects
  • social security sector
  • network of service integrators
  • integration of portal sites
  • electronic identity card

37
Social security
  • social security is a protection system against a
    variety of social risks
  • childhood
  • health care
  • incapacity for work due to
  • sickness
  • accidents
  • unemployment
  • old age
  • due to limited financial means, social security
    needs to work critically

38
Definition of the problem
  • in most countries, a lot of institutions are
    active in social security
  • information is one of the main production factors
    for each of these institutions
  • the information needed by the institutions is
    quite similar
  • identification data
  • data concerning the professional and social
    status
  • periodical data related to working periods and
    wages
  • data concerning certain events, e.g. the
    occurence of a social risk

39
Definition of the problem
  • lack of integration leads to
  • overloading of the citizens/companies
  • multiple collection of the same information by
    several government bodies
  • no re-use of available information
  • avoidable contacts with citizens/companies due to
    multiple, unco-ordinated quality checks
  • waste of efficiency and time within the
    government bodies
  • suboptimal support of the policy made by
    government
  • higher possibilities of fraud

40
Possible solutions
  • central data management (big brother concept)
  • not frequently implemented
  • privacy protection
  • technical feasability
  • threat for the autonomy of the institutions
  • distributed data management (network concept)
  • decentralised but unique data gathering
  • decentralised and distributed data storage, with
    functional task-sharing between social security
    institutions
  • data exchange via a network

41
Belgian social security sector
  • principles have been implemented under
    co-ordination of the Crossroads Bank for Social
    Security, in co-operation with 2.000 public and
    private social security institutions
  • functional and technical interoperability
    framework is functioning
  • between these institutions
  • between these institutions and all employers
  • every socially insured person has a unique
    identification key throughout the whole social
    security sector and an electronically readable
    social identity card containing this
    identification key

42
Interoperability within social security
onss
spf ss
onssapl
inasti
FEDICT National Register
cpsm
spf e t
onafts
Crossroads Bank for Social Security
onem
adp
inami
fat
sickness funds network
cimire
fmp
onp
onva
ossom
43
Reference directory
  • serves as a base for organization of information
    flows
  • structure
  • directory of persons what persons in what
    capacities have personal files in what social
    security institutions for what periods
  • data availability table what data are available
    in what social security institutions for what
    types of files
  • access authorization table what data may be
    transmitted to what institutions for what types
    of files
  • functions
  • routing of information
  • preventive access control
  • automatic communication of changes to information

44
Information security
  • institutional measures
  • organizational and technical measures based on
    ISO 17799
  • legal measures

45
Institutional measures
  • no central data storage
  • independent Control Committee
  • preventive control on legitimacy of data exchange
    by Crossroads Bank according to authorizations of
    the independent Control Committee
  • information security department in each social
    security institution
  • specialized information security service
    providers
  • working party on information security

46
Independent Control Committee
  • assigned by Parliament
  • competences
  • supervision of information security
  • authorizing the data exchange
  • complaint handling
  • information security recommendations
  • extensive investigating powers
  • annual activity report

47
Information security department
  • in each social security institution
  • composition
  • information security officer
  • one or more assistants
  • control on independence and permanent education
    of the information security officers is performed
    by the Control Committee
  • the Control Committee can allow to commit the
    task of the information security department to a
    recognized specialized information security
    service provider

48
Information security department tasks
  • information security department
  • recommends
  • promotes
  • documents
  • controls
  • reports directly to the general management
  • formulates the blueprint of the security plan
  • elaborates the annual security report
  • general management
  • takes the decision
  • is finally responsible
  • gives motivated feedback
  • approves the security plan
  • supplies the resources

49
Contents of the security report
  • general overview of the security situation
  • overview of the activities
  • recommendations and their effects
  • control
  • campaigns in order to promote information
    security
  • overview of the external recommendations and
    their effects
  • overview of the received trainings

50
Specialized information security service providers
  • to be recognized by the Government
  • recognition conditions
  • non-profit association
  • having information security in social security as
    the one and only activity
  • respecting the tariff principles determined by
    the Government
  • control on independence is performed by the
    Control Committee

51
Specialized information security service providers
  • tasks
  • keeping information security specialists at the
    disposal of the associated institutions
  • recommending
  • organizing information security trainings
  • supporting campaigns promoting information
    security
  • external auditing on request of the institution
    or the Control Committee
  • each institution can only associate with one
    specialised information security service provider

52
Working party on information security
  • composition
  • information security officers of all institutions
  • task
  • coordination
  • communication
  • proposal of minimal security conditions
  • check list
  • recommendations to the Control Committee

53
Organizational technical measures
  • security policies
  • classification of information
  • security requirements towards the personnel
  • physical protection
  • management of communication and service processes
  • processing of personal data
  • logical access control
  • development and maintenance of systems
  • continuity management
  • internal and external control
  • communication to the public of the policy
    concerning security and the protection of privacy

54
Legal measures
  • obligations of the controller
  • principles relating to data quality
  • criteria for making data processing legitimate
  • specific rules for processing of sensitive data
  • information to be given to the data subject
  • confidentiality and security of processing
  • notification of the processing of personal data
  • rights of the data subject
  • right of information
  • right of access
  • right of rectification, erasure or blocking
  • right of a judicial remedy
  • penalties

55
Information servers
  • information servers
  • directory of persons of the Crossroads Bank
  • National Register
  • Crossroads Bank Registers
  • work force register
  • wages and working time database (LATG) of the
    ONSS
  • employers directory (WGR) of the ONSS
  • database of contribution certificates
  • SIS-card and professional card registers
  • services offered
  • interactive consultation
  • batch consultation
  • automatic communication of updates

56
National Register - CBSS Registers - past
situation
National Register
Municipalities
57
National Register - CBSS Registers present
situation
National Register
Municipalities
58
Preprocessed messages
  • preprocessed messages
  • beginning/end of labour contract, beginning/end
    of self-employed activity
  • contribution certificates medical care
    (employees, self-employed, beneficiaries of
    social security allowances)
  • unemployment benefits career break
  • allowances for incapacity for work (health care,
    accidents at work, occupational disease)
  • young unemployed
  • allowances to the handicapped
  • guaranteed income social support
  • people suffering from long-term illness
  • social exemption
  • fiscal exemption
  • derived rights (e.g. tax reduction/exemption,
    free public transport, ...)
  • special contribution for social security
  • solidarity contribution on old age pensions
  • migrant workers

59
Preprocessed messages
  • services offered
  • batch consultation
  • automatic communication of messages

60
Contribution certificate health care sector
past situation
Employees
Employer
Sickness funds
Control
INAMI
ONSS
61
Contribution certificate health care sector -
present situation
62
Derived rights in tax affairs
  • a number of people are entitled to an increased
    refund of the costs for medical care
  • moreover, a number of municipalities and
    provinces grant these persons reductions or even
    exemptions of the taxes

63
Derived rights in tax affairs - past situation
Sickness fund
64
Derived rights in tax affairs - present situation
CBSS
sickness funds network
65
Social security card
  • functions
  • reliable, electronically readable identification
    card in the hands of each social insured person,
    that contains the unique social security
    identification number
  • electronic support owned by every social insured
    person, containing information on his social
    security status needed by bodies not connected to
    the social security network
  • first application proof of health care
    insurability status to health care professionals
    applying the third payer rule
  • protected memory chip card having a capacity of 8
    kbits, respecting ISO 7816.1-7816.5
  • delivered to every insured person (10.000.000
    cards)

66
Social security card
name Christian name date of birth sex social
security number period of validity of the
card card number
sickness fund sickness fund registration
number insurance period insurance status social
exemption status
key 1
other data to be added in the future, if useful
67
Social security card - example 1
Social identity card
in chemistries and hospitals
Sickness fund 1
Sickness fund 2
Sickness fund 3
68
Social security card - example 2
EMPLOYER
ONSS
CBSS
69
Interoperability outside social security
Internet
Publilink
R
R
Access servers
R
FedMAN
FW
R
R
Internet services
FW
Other extranets
R
Backbone
FW
FW
FW
FW
FW
FW
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
Crossroads bank for social security
R
R
R
70
Social security portal
71
Integrated service delivery
  • common basic services (e.g. single sign on,
    notification
  • information
  • several categories of transactions
  • transactions at the beginning or the end of
    employment (DIMONA)
  • quarterly declaration of wages and working time
  • transactions when a social risk occurs
  • transactions in order to manage information about
    yourself
  • transactions in order to control the quality of
    the service delivery process
  • ...

72
Integrated service delivery
  • harmonized concepts
  • harmonized data model and XML-schemes
  • self-service and personalization
  • customer relation management
  • contact center

73
Transactions at beginning/end of employment
Simplification
Employment contract
Work force register
Special work force register
Indivudual document
Students contract
On line consultation
ONSS
Inspection
Work force register
Data- base
74
Immediate declaration of employment
  • can only be done electronically via
  • FTP/MQSeries
  • interbanking network
  • social security portal
  • vocal server
  • 24/7
  • offers the employer a key to on-line consultation
    and correction
  • of the database on employment
  • by using a electronic certificate, of the
    database concerning wages and working time and
    other derived databases
  • concerning his employees and the period of
    employment

75
Quarterly declaration wages working time
Simplification
Employer
one electronic declaration
ONSS
old age pension
CBSS
holiday pay
76
Quarterly declaration wages working time
  • can only be done electronically via
  • FTP/MQSeries
  • interbanking network
  • social security portal
  • 24/7
  • can, by using an electronic certificate
  • be consulted and corrected on-line by the
    employer
  • concerning his employees and the period of
    employment

77
Electronical declaration of social risks
  • past situation multiple collection of
    information by using various, complex, not
    co-ordinated paper forms

78
Electronical declaration of social risks
  • actual situation
  • limitation of the collected information to the
    information not yet available at other public
    services (abolition or at least significant
    simplification of forms)
  • unique collection of information from the
    employer
  • in a standardized way across all social security
    institutions
  • can be done on paper or electronically (24/7) via
  • FTP/MQSeries
  • interbanking network
  • social security portal
  • uniform instructions

79
26 operational transactions
  • quarterly multifunctional declaration of wages
    and working times to the National Office for
    Social Security (NOSS)
  • correction of the quarterly declaration to the
    NOSS
  • DIMONA-declaration
  • consultation of the workforce register
  • consultation of the directory of employers
  • integrated electronical declaration of building
    yards
  • consultation of overdue payments of social
    security contributions by an employer
  • declaration of temporary employment of foreign
    employees in Belgium
  • declaration of temporary unemployment
    validation book
  • consultation of the holiday database
  • declaration of an industrial accident, monthly
    report and resumption of work after an industrial
    accident
  • simplified declaration of an industrial accident

80
26 operational transactions
  • declaration of the beginning of a part-time job
    with retention of rights to unemployment benefits
    (unemployment sector)
  • private sector
  • education, municipalities or provinces
  • monthly declaration of part-time work for the
    calculation of guaranteed income payments
    (unemployment sector)
  • private sector
  • education, municipalities or provinces
  • monthly submission of work as an employee
    employed in a protected workplace (unemployment
    sector)
  • monthly submission of work in the framework of an
    activation programme (unemployment sector)
  • declaration for the establishment of young
    peoples vacation rights (unemployment sector)
  • monthly declaration of young peoples vacation
    hours (unemployment sector)
  • annual submission of temporary unemployment
  • monthly submission of hours of temporary
    unemployment
  • authorized request for the temporary removal of a
    pregnant employee (sector of professional
    diseases)

81
Further evolution
  • 01.04.2005
  • quarterly multifunctional declaration of wages
    and working times to the National Office for
    Social Security for the Local Authorities
  • 01.10.2005
  • application for unemployment benefits
  • declaration of fulltime or half-time early
    retirement
  • electronic data exchange between sickness funds
    and employers necessary to deal with an
    application for benefits in case of incapacity
    for work, maternity leave, complete or partial
    leave from work as a measure to protect
    motherhood, leave for fatherhood
  • declaration of an employees holiday days
  • declaration of resumption of work after a period
    of incapacity for work
  • authorized request for the temporary removal of a
    pregnant employee (sector of professional
    diseases)
  • 01.01.2006
  • monthly declaration of the reprise of adapted
    work during a period of incapacity of work

82
Some figures
  • information exchange between all 2,000 social
    security offices takes place through 170 types of
    electronic messages in stead of hundreds of types
    of paper forms
  • 378.314.473 electronic messages have been
    exchanged in 2004
  • response time on-line messages

question
question
answer
answer
98,46 in lt 1 sec 99,8 in lt 2 sec
98,54 in lt 4 sec
83
Some figures
  • 50 types of declaration forms to social security
    have been abolished
  • in the remaining 30 declaration forms the number
    of headings has been reduced on average to a
    third of the previous number
  • 97 of the employers uses application to
    application exchange, only 3 of the employers
    uses portal transactions
  • workforce register has been abolished in each
    company

84
European framework
  • Treaty of Rome free movement of persons gt need
    for co-ordination between social security schemes
    of the Member States
  • Co-ordination Regulations 1408/71 and 574/72
  • 4 basic principles
  • only one applicable national legislation per
    period
  • equal treatment no discrimination based on
    nationality
  • aggregation of insurance, employment and
    residence periods
  • exportability of rights
  • co-ordination regulations imply a lot of
    information exchange between social security
    institutions of different Member States

85
Current situation
  • a lot of information is still exchanged on paper
    forms (E-forms)
  • elaborated by the Administrative Commission on
    Social Security for Migrant Workers
  • with same structure and contents in all official
    languages of the European Union
  • 78 types of forms
  • exchange of paper forms appears cumbersome,
    complicated and expensive
  • this may deter possible migrant workers

86
Role of TESS
  • TESS TElematics for Social Security
  • managed by Technical Commission on Data
    Processing
  • set up to develop telematic services for the
    implementation of the Union provisions on social
    security

87
Global aim
  • the quality level of services provided by a
    social security institution to an insured person
    may not decrease because this person (e.g.
    migrant or frontier worker, tourist, student,
    pensioner, ...) made use of his right to move
    within the EU
  • therefore, administrative procedures should be
    simplified by interconnecting the information
    systems of the social security institutions
    involved
  • in order to improve the acquisition of rights,
    the award and the payment of benefits resulting
    from the application of the Regulations 1408/71
    and 574/72

88
Staged implementation strategy
  • exploration of problems and solutions
  • building up of a reference system in the pension
    and the health care sector
  • expansion of the reference system to all
    institutions concerned from all sectors from all
    Member States

89
Exploration of problems and solutions
  • analysis of the major problems encountered with
    the current paper form exchanges
  • definition of common architecture rules
  • identification set
  • TESS domain for interoperability
  • forwarding point concept
  • use of standards
  • validation by a prototype in the old age pension
    sector between 7 institutions from 7 Member
    States
  • elaboration of the TESS Master Plan

90
Problems encountered with paper forms
  • difficulties identifying the insured person
  • difficulties determinating the competent social
    security institution in another Member State
  • problems of interpretation of the exchanged forms
  • inability to adapt the forms quickly
  • conflicts between data protection and the
    obligation to exchange information
  • difficulties in managing the exchange procedure
  • difficulties for the insured person in acquiring
    appropriate advice

91
Identification of the insured person
  • Problems
  • the data necessary for the identification varies
    from Member State to Member State and sometimes
    even from one sector of social security to
    another within the same Member State
  • each institution only registers the
    identification data it needs itself
  • Elements of solution
  • definition of a basic identification data set for
    each country
  • each institution that sends a form agrees to
    provide the identification set related to the
    destination state
  • each institution that receives a form agrees to
    be able to identify a person on the base of this
    set

92
Designation of the competent institution
  • Problems
  • the criteria defining the competence of
    institutions vary from Member State to Member
    State and from one social security sector to
    another
  • territorial criteria
  • employment criteria
  • free choice of the insured
  • Elements of solution
  • each institution that sends a form agrees to
    provide the adequate criteria for the designation
    of the competent institution in the destina-tion
    state
  • a unique entry point (forwarding point) per
    social security sector in each state is
    responsible for the routing to the competent
    institution in that state

93
Problems of interpretation
  • Problems
  • different alphabets
  • different languages
  • too much free text
  • basic concepts vary from Member State to Member
    State gt problems of conceptual translation
  • insufficient knowlegde of the foreign and
    inter-national law which institutions are rarely
    confronted with
  • Elements of solution
  • maximal structuring of the possible answers
  • glossary of concepts containing links between the
    basic concepts of the different Member States
  • offices specialised in foreign and international
    law
  • the law of a Member State is always applied by an
    institution of that Member State

94
Inability to adapt the forms quickly
  • Problems
  • the elaboration and adaptation procedures of the
    forms are lenghty and expensive gt the official
    forms are inappropriate gt unofficial variants
    are created and used
  • result
  • administrative problems
  • delays for the insured persons
  • Elements of solution
  • to encourage the exchange of electronic forms
  • modular structure of the forms directory of
    possible questions, related to the glossary of
    concepts

95
Data protection
  • Problems
  • some Member States forbid the export of data to
    other Member States which dont guarantee an
    equivalent data protection
  • lack of coordination of organisational and
    technical data protection measures
  • Elements of solution
  • implementation of the directive 95/46/EC and
    02/58/EC in each Member State
  • minimum organisational and technical security
    norms

96
Managing the exchange procedure
  • Problems
  • no following up of exchanged forms
  • no statistics about the exchange procedures
  • Elements of solution
  • systematic acknowledge-ment of receipt of forms
  • interchange agreements
  • interchange management by statistics

97
Identification set
  • Main Information
  • national registration key (NRK)
  • in the receiving Member State
  • surname at birth
  • current surname
  • Christian name
  • date of birth
  • place of birth
  • Complementary information in case of missing NRK
  • sex
  • last address in the receiving Member State

98
TESS national domains
99
Todays situation
  • the Master Plan is the basis for all of the work
  • an inventory of decisions describes all common
    architectures rules
  • tangible results are achieved with the
    operational exchange of E2XX and E5XX messages in
    the old age pension sector and the forms E125 and
    E127 in the health care sector
  • exchange of other E1XX messages in the health
    care sector is being developed
  • gradual evolution from EDIFACT to XML
  • paper European health insurance card
  • proposal of an electronic European health
    insurance card, to be integrated with national
    initiatives

100
Towards a network of service integrators
Service integrator
R/CPS
R/CPS
Services repository
Extranet region or community
Service integrator (CBSS)
Services repository
SSI
Extranet social security
SSI
Internet
Municipality
FPS
SSI
Publilink ?
FPS
FEDMAN
Services repository
Service integrator (FEDICT)
Province
City
FPS
Services repository
101
Towards a network of service integrators
  • type of exchanged information
  • structured data
  • documents
  • images
  • multimedia
  • metadata
  • business processes
  • using web services

102
Towards a network of service integrators
  • useful functions of service integrators (FEDICT,
    CBSS, )
  • secure messaging
  • business logic and work flow support
  • directory of authorized users and applications
  • list of users and applications
  • definition of authentication means and rules
  • definition of authorization profiles
  • which service is accessible to which type of
    user/application for which persons/companies in
    which capacities in which situation and for which
    periods
  • directory of data subjects
  • which persons/companies in which capacities have
    personal files in which institutions for which
    periods
  • subscription table
  • which users/applications want to receive
    automatically which services in which situations
    for which persons in which capacities

103
Towards a network of service integrators
  • key issues
  • evolution of standards
  • collaboration with vendors
  • not limited to public agencies
  • national, European international standards
  • every partner is free to implement internally in
    his own way black box philosophy

104
Portal sites actual situation
intermediaries
employees
suppliers
  • customers
  • citizens
  • companies

partners
  • PORTAL B
  • single sign on
  • personalization
  • user groups
  • multi-channel
  • aggregation
  • PORTAL A
  • single sign on
  • personalization
  • user groups
  • multi-channel
  • aggregation

content management
business intelligence
business intelligence
content management
  • back-end
  • systems, e.g.
  • ERP
  • groupware
  • DBs
  • applications

directory
  • back-end
  • systems, e.g.
  • ERP
  • groupware
  • DBs
  • applications

directory
105
Portal sites
  • need to strike the right balance between roles in
    delivering e-government services not a single,
    but many one-stop shops (public and private)

Content and Services
Public
Private
Government ASPs Leading portals Local service providers Banks Associations
Government own portals Government-hosted community sites
Private
Channel
PPP
Public
Source Andrea Di Maio - Gartner
106
Portal sites
  • public institutions need to concentrate on core
    activities, such as
  • information
  • modular
  • up to date
  • information blocks concerning public services
  • with standardized metadata
  • based on standardized thesauri
  • in generally accessible content management
    systems
  • with separation between content and metadata
    (reuse, dont rewrite)
  • that can be submitted to automatical
    re-indexation
  • transactions
  • applications that can be easily integrated in
    private or public portal sites

107
Portal sites
  • public portals should have added value
  • integration of services
  • information
  • work flow based on life events of the customers
  • integration with work flow of customers
  • coordinated basic services for own customers
  • single sign on
  • ticketing
  • logging
  • notification service

108
Portal sites to be situation
intermediaries
employees
suppliers
  • customers
  • citizens
  • companies

partners
  • PORTAL B
  • single sign on
  • personalization
  • user groups
  • multi-channel
  • aggregation
  • PORTAL A
  • single sign on
  • personalization
  • user groups
  • multi-channel
  • aggregation
  • back-end
  • systems, e.g.
  • ERP
  • groupware
  • DBs
  • applications
  • back-end
  • systems, e.g.
  • ERP
  • groupware
  • DBs
  • applications

directory
directory
content management
business intelligence
business intelligence
content management
109
Portal sites
  • other key issues
  • multidimensionality accessibility of same
    services through different  views 
  • multi channel enabling
  • citizen/company relation management
  • integrated service delivery, across all used
    channels
  • personalization of service delivery
  • first step personalized home page for every
    company on social security portal
  • evolution to push system
  • quality control
  • feedback mechanisms for permanent improvement of
    service delivery
  • contact center

110
Electronic identity card
111
Electronic identity card
  • retained functions
  • visual and electronic identification of the
    holder
  • electronic authentication of the holder via the
    technique of the digital signature
  • generation of electronic signature via the
    technique of the digital signature (non
    repudiation)
  • proof of characteristics of the holder via the
    technique of the digital signature on the
    initiative of the holder
  • only identification data storage
  • no encryption keys (yet)
  • no biometric data (yet)
  • no electronic purse

112
Electronic identity card content
  • visual
  • the name
  • the first two Christian names
  • the first letter of the third Christian name
  • the nationality
  • the birth place and date
  • the sex
  • the place of delivery of the card
  • the begin and end data of the validity of the
    card
  • the denomination and number of the card
  • the photo of the holder
  • the signature of the holder
  • the identification number of the National Register

113
Electronic identity card content
  • electronic
  • the same information as printed on the card
  • the authentication identity and electronic
    signature keys
  • the authentication and electronic signature
    certificates
  • the accredited certification service furnisher
  • information necessary for authentication of the
    card and securization of the electronic data
  • the main residence of the holder

114
No storage of other electronic data on the card
  • why not ?
  • preventing perception of the card as a big
    brother
  • preventing loss of data, when the card is lost
  • preventing frequent updates of the card
  • stimulation of the controlled access to data over
    networks, using the card as an access tool,
    rather than storage of data on the card
  • thus, no integration of SIS-card and electronic
    identity card

115
Organization model
  • government chooses card producer and
    certification authority issuing the identity
    certificates as a result of a public call for
    tenders
  • the municipality calls the holder for the issuing
    of the electronic
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