The Reasons for the American Revolution: 1763 to 1776

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The Reasons for the American Revolution 1763
to 1776
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Navigation Acts, 1650s-1660s

• Englands wants wealth from the colonies
• Navigation Acts says the colonies...
• can only trade with England
• can only sell its raw materials to England
• must buy its manufactured goods from England
• This is all part of the concept of mercantilism

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• England mostly ignored the colonies social and
  political issues.
• England was concerned with making
• As a result, the colonies were used to making a
  lot of their own decisions.

Money!
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The French and Indian War1754-1763
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What Caused the French and Indian War?
Who fought this war? Who fought this war? Who fought this war? Why?
British (England) Colonists Native Americans vs. French Other Native Americans Both the French and the British claimed land along the Ohio River (Ohio Valley).
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The Colonies Try to Unite

• Albany Plan of the Union
• Albany, New York, 1754
• Representatives from seven colonies
• Plan create a council that would levy
  (raise/collect) taxes, raise armies, build forts,
  wage war and make peace with the Indians
• Rejected by both England and the colonial
  assemblies because it gave too much power to the
  Council

Significance A colonial government may have
prevented the Revolution!
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Who won where?
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The British won the French and
Indian War. . .WOOOO-HOOOO for England!

• Effects of the war1. England gets more land.
• 2. England imposes oppressive (strict) laws on
  the colonists.
• 3. Colonists gain military and leadership
  experience.

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How much land does England get from the war?
What parts of North America did the British claim
before the war? What parts of North America did
the French claim before the war?
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North America in 1763 What new lands did the
British gain as a result of the French and Indian
War ? What parts of North America did the French
claim after the war?
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Proclamation Line of 1763

• England made a border at the Appalachian
  Mountains which the colonists could not cross.
• Why did England do this?
• England made this law so that the colonists would
  not fight with the Indians and start another war.

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Many colonists died for this land, shouldnt they
get to settle it?
This angered many colonists!
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So, England gets a huge chunk of land from France
as a result of the war. But there was a huge
negative effect to the war
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Who would pay for the war?

• Wars arent cheap, ask George Bush.

X 1,000,000,000,000

• The Afghanistan and Iraq war have cost close to
  1 trillion

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• Thats one million, million dollars or 20
  million Cadillac Escalades.

Thats enough to give everybody in Colorado
250,000. What would you do with this money?
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• Its also more than the poorer half of the world
  makes in one year, combined.

http//www.studentsoftheworld.info/infopays/rank/P
IB2.html
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The French and Indian War was expensive.
Shouldnt the colonists have to pay for at least
a part of the war? Explain.
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Of course they should!!! All British colonists,
including the American colonists paid for the war.
Through taxes.
And the problems in the colonies begin!
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• Since England was mostly concerned with making
  money...
• colonists were free to make a lot of their own
  political decisions
• colonists were forced to get the approval of the
  English king for every law
• colonists lost a lot of their religious freedoms
• colonists decided to fight on the side of the
  French in the French and Indian War

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• 2. The effects of __________________ caused
  problems in the American colonies.
• a. The Revolutionary War
• b. The French and Indian War
• c. King Phillips War
• d. The Ohio Valley War

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• 3. Why was the French and Indian War fought?
• for a piece of land along the Ohio river
• because people had to pay taxes
• Indians were invading British land
• France supported an Indian attack on the New
  England colonies

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• 4. What was the major effect of the French and
  Indian War on the colonies?
• they lost half of their land
• they had to pay taxes
• they improved their relationship with England
• they became French colonies

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Of course they colonists had to pay for the
French and Indian War!!! All British citizens
paid for the war.
Through taxes.
And the problems in the colonies begin!
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Revolution
means
Change
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The Stamp Act, 1765

• The colonists had to buy stamps to put on 54
  kinds of papers, including playing cards,
  newspapers, wills and licenses.
• Why do you think England did this?

http//www.mce.k12tn.net/revolutionary_war/lesson_
2.htm
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The payments varied from one cent on a newspaper
to ten dollars on a college diploma. The payments
had to be made in gold or silver.
http//www.mce.k12tn.net/revolutionary_war/lesson_
2.htm
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The Quartering Act, 1765

• This act made the colonies pay for the food and
  housing of British soldiers.
• Why do you think England did this?

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How would you like it if you had to give your
bed and food to this guy?
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Townshend Act, 1767

• This act taxed tea, glass, paper and paint. Many
  colonists decided to not buy products from
  England.
• Why did England do this?

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Boston Massacre, 1770

• A group of colonists had been making fun of
  British soldiers and were throwing snowballs at
  them. The soldiers fired. They killed five
  colonists and wounded many more. Many Americans
  wanted the soldiers killed.
• Was it right for the British soldiers to do this?
  Explain.

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Tea Act, 1773

• Tea was a popular drink in Colonial America, a
  lot like soda.
• This law allowed only one company to sell tea in
  the colonies (they could make it expensive).
• Why do you think England did this?

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Boston Tea Party, 1773

• About 50 colonists dressed like Indians, got on a
  British ship and threw 342 boxes of tea into the
  sea. The tea was worth 75,000.
• England was very angry. The British army
  punished Boston with some very strict laws.
• Why do you think American colonists did this?

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Intolerable Acts, 1774

• Closed Boston port (puerto) until the city paid
  for the tea cancelled town meetings (democratic
  meetings) and appointed a military government.
• In your own words, explain these laws.

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Many American colonists were becoming very angry
with Englands decisions.
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British Parliament
Where are the American colonists?
No taxation without representation
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No taxation without representation

• The problem wasnt so much that the colonists had
  to pay taxes all British citizens had to pay
  taxes.
• The colonists were mad that Parliament was making
  laws for them they wanted their own colonial
  governments to make the tax laws.
• They said that since they had no representatives
  in Parliament, Parliament could not tax them.

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Think about it. . .

• 4. Which of your parents rules/laws do you
  always fight about?
• curfew
• freedom of expression (dress, music, hair,
  piercings)
• friends
• school grades/attendance
• chores
• other

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Do you have any say in your parents rules?
Neither did the colonists!
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The colonies start making their own decisions!!!
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First Continental Congress, 1774

• Representatives from all of the colonies but
  Georgia met in Philadelphia in September
• They decided that some of the English laws were
  unfair and that they would tell England
• They also decided to meet again

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Lexington and Concord, 1775

• British soldiers went from Boston to a couple of
  towns, Lexington and Concord, to take some
  weapons from the colonists and capture patriot
  leaders.
• Paul Revere and William Dawes, patriots, had told
  colonists about the British soldiers.
• Colonial troops waited for the British soldiers
  at Lexington. A soldier accidentally fired his
  gun and a battle started. The Revolutionary War
  had begun.

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The shot that started the war at Lexington is
known as the shot heard around the
world.Explain this statement in your own
words.
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Second Continental Congress, 1775

• Representatives from the colonies meet in
  Philadelphia.
• They create the Continental Army from the
  colonist soldiers that had gathered in Boston
• They appoint George Washington as Commander in
  Chief.

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• There was no turning back! In the summer of 1775
  the Battle of Bunker Hill was fought in Boston
  and the war was well on its way.

The following summer the Declaration of
Independence (1776) was written, formally
declaring the colonies independence from
England.
In November of 1777, the Second Continental
Congress authorizes a document that creates the
first independent American government, the
Articles of Confederation.
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• 5. Why did England pass laws like the Stamp Act,
  the Townshend Act and the Tea Act?
• a. to make money
• b. to force the colonist to produce these goods
• c. to punish the colonies
• d. to restrict the use of these products

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• 6. Why did colonists rally behind the saying no
  taxation without representation?
• a. they thought England was doing a good job
  fixing the taxation problem
• b. they thought England had no power to tax them
  the colonies should do it
• c. they thought their own colonial governments
  were taxing them too much
• d. they were tired of rich colonial politicians
  making the decisions for them

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• 7. What is the significance of the First
  Continental Congress?
• a. George Washington was made president
• b. the Articles of Confederation was created
• c. the Constitution was written
• d. the colonies began making their own decisions

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• 8. The first shots of the war between England and
  the American colonists were fired at
• a. Lexington
• b. Washington D.C.
• c. Philadelphia
• d. Bunker Hill

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• 9. What is the significance of the Declaration of
  Independence?
• It created the new American government
• It was written by one of the most famous
  Americans Thomas Jefferson
• It ended the war with England
• It was the official separation of the colonies
  from England

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• 10. What was the name of the document that
  created the first independent American government
  ?
• a. the Constitution
• b. the Declaration of Independence
• c. the Articles of Confederation
• d. the Colonial Governments of America