Aim: How does the nucleus control the activities of the cell?

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Aim How does the nucleus control the activities
of the cell?

• There are two main functions of the nucleus
• Contains the codes ? protein
• Read pages 303 to 305
• 2. Cell division
• Read pages241 to
• 243

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Protein synthesis starts from the messages in the
nucleus
There are 46 Chromosomes in every human cell
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Proteins make up 15 of body mass

• Muscle
• Cartilage
• Ligaments
• Skin
• Hair
• Haemoglobin
• Hormones (insulin)
• Antibodies
• enzymes

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Proteins are made from
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20 amino acids

• AlanineArginineAsparagineAspartic
  AcidCysteineGlutamic AcidGlutamineGlycineHist
  idineIsoleucineLeucineLysineMethioninePhenyla
  lanineProlineSerineThreonineTryptophanTyrosin
  eValine

Arginine
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DNA Codes for Proteins

• DNA contains the information that a cell needs to
  carry out all of its functions.
• An important function is the making of proteins
  from amino acids.

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Proteins are made when
..a special protein zips open a section of the
DNA strands in the nucleus
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Free RNA bases link up with the exposed DNA bases
on one strand only, thus forming a strand of
messenger RNA 
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(No Transcript)
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The newly made messenger RNA peels off and moves
away to the ribosomes
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A transfer RNA picks up an amino acid and brings
it to the ribosome
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As the ribosome sweeps across the messenger RNA,
a chain of amino acids is linked together  
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As it is being formed, the protein chain begins
to fold into the shape needed to function
properly. Then the chain which is the protein is
released by the ribosome
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Aim How does the nucleus direct the manufacture
of proteins?
C
A
B
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D
E
F
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How does the shape of this protein carry out the
function?
protein fibrin assembles into a tough network
that clots the blood and forms an insoluble
blockage.
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Your Most Plentiful Protein Collagen major
structural protein
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Catalase -antioxidant enzyme (protein)
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Summary Write a sentence on the relationship of
structure (shape) and function (what it does) of
molecules and cell organelles.