KOREA: Dynamics and Change

1
KOREA Dynamics and Change

• Chapter 17 Section 2
• Sami W.

2
LESSON QUESTIONS

• How did Chinese culture influence Korea?
• What are some achievements of Korean
  civilization?
• How did imperialism affect Korea?

3
EARLY TRADITIONS

• From A.D. 100 to A.D. 668 3 kingdoms dominated
  Korea
• Koguryo in the North
• Paekche in the Southwest
• Sillia in the Southeast
• Absorbed many ideas and customs from China
• Buddhism
• Confucianism
• written script

4
Spread of Culture

• Culture was spread several ways
• China ruled parts of Northern Korea at times
• Refugees fled from China to Korea
• Buddhist missionaries
• Koreans went to study in China

5
POWERFUL DYNASTIES

• In 668 Silla Kingdom united Korea
• Only 3 periods of Dynastic Rule
• Silla 668-918 the Golden Age
• Traders came from all over
• Capital was Kyonju
• Buddhist beliefs influenced architecture,
  sculpture, and literature
• Koryo 918-1392 where Korea comes from
• Capital was Kaesong
• Wang Kon encouraged culture and arts
• Celadon Porcelain was perfected at this time
• System of Civil Service Examinations was put into
  place
• Buddhist influence reached height
• Developed the movable METAL type
• Fought off Japanese Pirates, but were conquered
  by the Mongols

6
POWERFUL DYNASTIES CONT.

• Choson
• Capital at Seoul
• Confucianism replaced Buddhism as the system of
  social ethics
• Acknowledged Chinas power and for 500 years
  discouraged relations with other countries
• Became known as the Hermit Kingdom
• Scholars developed the Korean alphabet hangul

7
INVASIONS AND ISOLATION

• 1592 Japanese tried to attack China via Korea
• Turtle boats metal-plated ships invented
• Much of Korea was destroyed
• Manchus conquered the weakened country in the
  1600s
• However, Choson remained in power
• For 200 years Korea practiced ISOLATIONISM, the
  policy of avoiding foreign involvements and
  contacts
• Ports were closed to foreign ships, ideas
  resisted, and Christianity was banned

8
IMPERIALISM NATIONALISM

• China had supported Koreas isolation policy, but
  by the 1800s could not help
• Imperialism powers forced the signing of unequal
  treaties which opened ports and gave foreigners
  rights like extraterritoriality

9

KOREAN NATIONALISM
JAPANESE RULE

• Competed with China and Russia for power of Korea
• 1905 Japan won control
• 1910 Choson dynasty destroyed and Korea annexed
  
• ANNEX to add a territory to ones own country
• Japans rule was harsh but with modern
  improvements like factories and roads.

• March 1, 1919 Korean nationalists had a huge,
  peaceful demonstration
• Japanese responded by killing 2,000 and
  imprisoning 19,000
• Continued to hunt down the leaders of the
  movement many of them moved to the U.S., Soviet
  Union, or China
• During WWII Koreans were forced to fight for
  Japanese
• Korean Language forbidden and names changed

10
King Sejong Father of the Korean Alphabet

• October 9th is Hangul Day dedicated to the
  Korean Alphabet and King Sejong
• During reign from 1418 to 1450 he encouraged
  advances in agriculture, government, science,
  music, medicine, astronomy
• Ordered scholars to invent rainfall gauge and
  publish a 112 volume encyclopedia.

11
Hangul Korean Language

• Before Hangul, to be literate, one had to know
  at least 2,00 Chinese characters
• New Alphabet had 17 constants 11 vowels -
  simplified to 14 constants 10 vowels

• Many Confucian scholars scorned the new language

12
LAST NAMES

• In the boys school a Japanese man came in and
  informed the students he would call their names
  and they would go home to get their new names
• Had to go to the Police and register
• Later the boy went to the cemetery with his
  father and grandfather they felt as if they
  were a disgrace to the family
• THE MORE THE JAPANESE SUPRESSED THE KOREAN
  CULTURE, THE CLOSER THE KOREANS GREW TO IT.