Potential impacts of regional climate change on China fishery resources

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???????????????? Potential impacts of regional
climate change on China fishery resources
Chen, Xue-zhong ??? Director, East China Sea
Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of
Fisheries Sciences ???????????????? 2011. 6
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Contents of this talk ??
1 ?? Introduction 2 ????????????????????? To
review the potential impact of climate change on
the fish fisheries of China Seas. 3
????????????? Challenges Prospective 4
?????? Proposed cooperation
?
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1 ?? Introduction

• ???????????????????,??????????,???????????????????
  ?????????????
• Ecological problems mainly caused by global
  climate change became apparent, including
  significantly changed species composition and of
  geographical distribution patterns of marine
  organisms, frequently happened coastal ecological
  disasters and severe recession of fishery
  resources...

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1 ?? Introduction

• ?????????????????,???????????
• 2000???????????????????????154?,?????????43
  ?,????111?,????6894??,??????20??
• 2000??????????????????973??80??,???????20?,?
  2010?????????973???????3.7?,????????????6??
• The Chinese Government attaches great importance
  to global climate change National Science
  Foundation has launched a major research project
  - and its regional response to global change, the
  Ministry of Science and Technology launched 973
  Basic Research Program, and other related
  research projects.
• Since 2000, 154 projects related to global
  climate change were funded by nation science
  foundation, including 43 key and major projects,
  and more than 20 projects were marine lelated.
• Since 2000, more than 80 projected related to
  climate change were funded by 973 Basic Research
  Program, nearly 20 ocean-related. In 2010,
  Chinese government budgeted 3.7 hundred million
  to fund 973 projects related to global climated
  change, including 6 projects marine ralated.

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2 ???????????????????? 2 Impacts of climate
change on the fish fisheries of China Seas
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2.1 ??????????
2.1 SST change in the East China Sea
?1985??,?????????1.5 oC The East China Sea has
experienced a dramatic 1.5 oC warming since
1985.
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2.2 ???????? 2.2 Effects on fish habitat

• ???????????????????????,?50???,??????????????????
  ?????????????????,??????,?????????????????????????
  ???
• The factors, which caused the coastal ecosystem
  unstable, is complicated. However, global
  climate change was one of the factors mainly
  responsible for unstable ecosystem . During the
  last five decades, Chinese coastal ecosystem has
  experienced a regime shift under the multiple
  stresses. The increasing frequency of ecological
  disasters including harmful algae blooms and
  jellyfish outburst have been observed. These
  have made the recession of fishery resources in
  China seas intensified .

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???????????? East China Sea and fishing ground
????? Circulation in the East China Sea
???????
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2.3 ??????????2.3 Effects on zooplanktonic
community structure

• ??????? (??????Euphausia pacifica ??????Calanus
  sinicus)????
• Abundances of temperate warm temperate
  species, such as Euphausia pacifica, Calanus
  sinicus have decreased
• ???????????
• Abundances of warm water species have
  increased
• ?????????
• Total biomass and abundances of zooplankton
  have decreased.

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??1 ?????????case 1 effects on Euphausia
pacifica
North retreat of its distribution and decrease in
abundance.
Table Yearto-year variation in abundance of
Euphausia pacifica in spring of northern East
China Sea
?? Year ?? data ??? stations ?? ?? ST ?? ?? BT ?? ??MA ?? Abundance ???OF
1959 5.11-15 28 17.32 16.78 14.00 1.91 55.56
1974 May 9 17.34 16.98 7.83 1.64 77.78
2002 4/25-5/2 27 19.53 19.08 4.51 0.36 25.93
2003 5/1-5/11 23 18.95 18.15 0.30 0.02 13.04
2004 5/8-6/3 37 18.34 17.42 0.69 0.04 5.41
2005 4/27-5/18 37 18.90 17.24 0.00 0.00 0.00
2006 5/13-6/3 37 17.82 16.79 0.38 0.01 2.70
2007 5/20-5/28 20 18.93 17.25 0.00 0.00 0.00
note ST, surface temperature BT, bottom
temperature A average abundance
(individuals/m3)
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??2 ?????????case 2 effects on Calanus sinicus

• ??????????????????????????,?????????????,?????1959
  ???6????2005???5?,???????????????????????

Calanus sinicus was the predominant zooplankton
in East China Sea. Its abundance decreased
greatly because of sea warming, particular in
spring. The ending of maximum abundance of the
sp. is earlier (in May) than used to be (in
June), which expected to be have negative effects
on the larvae and juvenile of some commercially
important species.
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2.4 ??????????2.4 Effects on fish migration

• ?????????,????????,????????????????,??????????????
  ?
• When El Nino occurred, the Kuroshio Current would
  be strengthened, which made the over wintering
  ground of hairtail inhabiting in the Yellow Sea
  and East China Sea swift to the offshore of East
  China Sea.

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???? 2000??? El Nino, winter of 2000
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2.4 ????????????????????????? 2.4 Effects on fish
migration
???????? monthly distribution of small yellow
croaker
??????????????? ? 5-6?,?????????????????????.
?spring

?????????????? Migration routes of the small
yellow croaker in the Bohai, Yellow, East China
Seas
??????? Distribution pattern of Calanus sinicus
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2.4 ??????????2.4 Effects on fish migration
??,???????????????????60??????(Pseudosciaena
polyactis )??????,70???????????????70??,??????????
?,???????????????????,???????????????????????????,
???????????,???????????????????????????,??????????
???50????????????,???????????????????????????????
The dynamics of small yellow croaker stocks are
complicated. In the 1980s, overfishing led to
depletion of the small yellow croaker stock in
the East China Sea. To protect the fishery
resource, China government has then practiced
summer fishing moratorium system in the East
China Sea annually. An evident increased was
observed in the catches of small yellow croaker
in East China Sea. In the meanwhile, the small
yellow croaker stocks in Bohai Sea and East Sea
(Sea of Japan) have not recovered. In the East
China and Yellow Sea, the stocks of small yellow
croaker increased significantly, even higher than
in the 1950s. Studies on he recovery mechanisms
of the species is in process.
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Annual variations of small yellow croaker catch
in China, Japan and Korea
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2.4 ??????????2.4 Effects on fish migration
2001-2009?????????(??) Catches of fisheries from
the China seas (unit 10 thousands tons)
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3 ????????????? 3 Challenges Prospective

• ???????,????????
• Life histories of fish was complicated, most
  of them are migrated species.
• ???????????????????
• Monthly data on large scale of fish and
  fishery is difficult to obtained.
• ????,?????????????????
• Effects of fishing on the fish and fisheries
  is not easy to excluded.

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3 ?????????? Challenges Prospective

• 1)?????????????
• ????????????EL Nino?????????(PDO)????
• 2)?????????????????
• ?????????????????????????????????
• 3)????????????????
• ????????????????????????????????
• 4)?????????
• ????????,?????????????

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3 ?????????? Challenges Prospective

• Effects of global warming on temporal and spatial
  evolutions of ocean circulation
• Analyzing the influence of EL Nino and
  PDO on hydrodynamic environment of China seas.
• impacts of global warming in forming the fishing
  grounds
• Analyzing the effects of global warming
  on the abundance of key food organisms of
  fishery species, migratory pattern and aggregate
  behavior of specified species.
• Assessment of influence of global warming on
  fishing grounds
• Analyze how the fishery species and
  their food organisms in fishing grounds respond
  to the variation of ocean currents.
• Forecast work of fishing condition in the Yellow
  and East China Seas
• Making medium-range forecasting of
  fishing condition by forecasting model.

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4 ????????? proposed cooperation

• 1)???????????????????????
• ?????????????????????????????????????,??????
  ??????????????????,???????????????????????,???????
  ??????,??????????????,????????????????????????????
  ???
• 1) Effects of global climate change on oceanic
  commercially important species
• Spatial-temporal distribution patterns of
  oceanic commercially important speciesEcological
  characteristics of fish habitat in Pacific Ocean
• Key ecological factors that regulate the
  changes in fishing ground
• Different mechanisms of these oceanic
  species Response to global climate change.

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4 ????????? proposed cooperation

• 2)??????????????????????
• ??????????????????,????????????????(??)???
  ????????????????,???????????????????????????,?????
  ???????????????????
• 2)Population dynamics of Euphausia pacifica , and
  its response mechanisms to global climate change
  (in theory).
• Euphausia pacifica was widely distribution
  in the coastal areas of the Pacific. The species
  was import food for some fishes. For the impact
  of climate change, the sp. has north retreat of
  East China Sea. The potential effect of the
  changes in geographic distribution of the sp. on
  fish and fishery should studied in the future,
  and we suggest to take a cooperation on the
  subject.

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4 ????????? proposed cooperation

• ??????????????????????????????
• ?????????????????????????????(????????????)
• ?????????????????????????????????????????
• ????????????????????????????????????,???????(D
  NA)?????

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4 ????????? proposed cooperation
3) Combined effects of Ocean acidification and
ocean warming on the biochemical composition and
breeding of economic fish from the East Sea of
China. The coupling effect ocean warming
and ocean acidification on the ocean species
composition of photosynthetic organisms (the
ratio of addicted to carbon species and nitrogen
species). The coupling effect seawater
warming and ocean acidification on the growth and
biochemical composition of some economy fish.
The coupling effect seawater warming and ocean
acidification on the reproduction capacity of
economy fish.
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? ?! Thank you for your attention!