Little Ones Have Big Dreams Too: Person-Centered Planning for Young Children

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Little Ones Have Big Dreams Too Person-Centered
Planning for Young Children

• NECTAC Conference, Washington, 2/7/05
• Ann Donoghue Dillon, M.Ed., OTL
• Institute on Disabilities/ UCED, University of
  New Hampshire
• aedillon_at_unh.edu, 603-862-4320

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Welcome!

• Introductions
• Poll
• Experience with PCP?
• Any parents?
• Several hats

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Outcomes for Today

• Clarify different types of planning
• Increased knowledge and awareness of PCP process
• Increased skill in facilitating

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When we do it alone, it is only a
dream. When we do it together, it
is the beginning of reality. -Unknown
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Changing Assumptions(Mount and Zwernik)

• History
• Out of institutions into community
• Not deficiencies
• Not trying to find fixes for deficits
• New
• Strength based
• Based on needs, abilities, choices
• Supporting participation in community
• Coordinating around individuals, not
  systems/staff/ services available
• Recognizing ability of ordinary citizens to
  provide support

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Types of Planning

• MAPS
• PATH
• Person-centered planning
• Define, purpose, for whom, benefits, challenges,
  facilitators role, alliance, amplifying voice

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Systems-Centered Planning

• structured, formal process
• regulated by paperwork
• professional setting
• focus on developmental needs
• professionals implement

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Person-Centered Planning

• Reflective, creative process
• Not regulated
• Collaborative
• Focus on dreams and vision
• Circle of support transforms vision to reality
• Not professionally directed
• Equal proportion of professional and community
  members

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Research on PCP

• PCP - an important strategy for increasing active
  participation of students and families in
  IEP/transition (1997, Miner and Bates)
• Positive changes in the lives of the focus
  persons, all participants were satisfied with
  process (2000, Everson and Zhang)
• Difficult to quantify the process and outcomes of
  PCP but measuring process is important
  misapplied methods quality of life outcomes but
  also team practices and structure, team
  participation and practices and roles,
  responsibilities of staff might change(2000,
  Holburn et al)
• Individual implementation issues role of focus
  person in directing, preparation and training of
  facilitators. Broader vision of what is possible
  and re-connections in personal relationships.
  (1996, Hagner et al)

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When is PCP a GOOD idea?

• When people (organizations) are in transition
• When someone wants to build a circle of support
• When the person, parent, or advocate wants
  something different
• When resources are available for flexible services

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When is PCP NOT a good idea?

• When people are satisfied with the status quo
• When there is not a small group willing to make a
  commitment over time

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Stone Hearth and Cookies

• Invitation - parents invite
• Choice - parent choice of who comes
• Environment - most comfortable
• Support - review what will happen, facilitator
  role, welcoming by parent, food logistics

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Sibbets and Drexler Model(TP1993 Drexler and
Sibbet, www.grove.com)

• Team Performance Model Adapted for PCP
• Orientation
• Trust Building
• Goal/Role Clarification
• Commitment
• Implementation
• High performance
• Renewal

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PCP

• Pre-Planning
• Orientation
• Explaining the PCP process
• Who Is Here?
• Ground Rules
• Timeline or Bio-graph
• Relationships Map
• Purpose and Invitation

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PCP

• Trust Building
• Preferences
• Routines
• Places
• Skills
• Summary (pie)

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PCP

• Goal/Role Clarification
• Vision
• Outcomes
• Roles, Responsibilities and Timelines

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PCP

• Commitment
• Resource Matrix Map

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PCP

• Implementation
• Review, update and revise previous Outcomes maps

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Tips for Facilitators

• Neutrality - should not manipulate the meeting to
  bring about a particular outcome
• Good Listening Skills - use reflective listening
  and strategic questioning
• Respect for the participants
• Assertiveness - prevent/resolve conflict,
  practice sharing the air technique
• Clear thinking and observation - pay attention to
  process and content

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Tricks of the Trade

• Prepare titles of maps ahead of time
• Painters masking tape, doubled up paper, or big
  flip-chart post-its are helpful
• Be clear and on track about time
• Be flexible about the maps
• Verify marker color use if you designate colors
• Keep the atmosphere informal, positive, and
  capacity focused
• Consider a facilitator and a recorder working as
  a team

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Tricks of the Trade (cont.)

• If you facilitate alone, try not to talk when you
  are drawing
• Practice drawing symbols to use in the process
  (e.g. star people, buildings, phones)
• Create a parking lot for bigger issues
• Develop transition phrases to bridge from one map
  to the next
• Create sense of future together and encourage
  re-visiting or re-doing the process
• Set agenda and date for follow-up meeting

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How Does it Work?

• Find a partner
• 5 min one facilitates a Vision
• Map for the other person
• 5 min - trade places
• As large group Debrief with Ann using
  preferences map

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Implementation in Your Role

• Find a new partner
• Discuss how you can use PCP in your life, wearing
  different hats, if appropriate.
• Debrief with Ann using Take-away Tips map

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Wrap -up

• Future Dreams for Person-Centered Planning for
  families who have a young child with
  disabilities.Personal Coach Model
• Resources
• IOD materials
• (Cotton, Patti, Elements of Design)
• Dillon, Ann, PCP for Young Children A guide for
  Facilitators, in press
• Contact info IOD 603-862-4320