National Academy of Science of Ukraine Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science

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National Academy of Science of UkraineFrantsevich
Institute for Problems of Materials Science

• SYNTHETIC CORDIERITE AND PRODUCTS BASED ON IT

Manufacturing of the cordierite ceramics as a
single-phase product is among enough difficult
physicochemical and technological processes.
Complexity of a cordierite (2MgO?2Al2O3?5SiO2)
synthesis with the high (95-98 vol. ) contents
of a main phase determines by that cordierite
forming oxides like magnesia, alumina, silicon
oxide have high melting points - 2800, 2030 and
1700 ?? accordingly, and sintering at 1600 ??. In
the same a time the low temperature of
incongruous melting cordierite - 1460 ?? does not
allow to elevate the temperature of its synthesis
above 1400 ??.
Thermal resistant ceramic material (synthetic
cordierite)
Fundamental bases of the directed synthesis of
cordierite with the low (2-3 vol. ) contents of
extrinsic phases by solid-phase sintering in an
interval of temperatures 1000-1380 ?? and
crystallization of quenched glasses are developed
in IPMS NASU. The area of the compositions close
to stochiometric cordierite, with min. low
thermal expansion is determined.
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?
Area of compositions of threefold system
2MgO?2Al2O3?5SiO2, close to stochiometric
cordierite, with min. low thermal expansion, made
by ?) crystallization of quenched glasses ?)
solid-phase synthesis.
The manufacturing methods for new high
spalling-resistant dense and porous (22-24, 45-50
) ceramic materials with reduced TKLE (0,8-1,2
??-1?10-6 in limits 20-800 ??, fig. 2) and
increased mechanical strength for carrying agents
of catalysts and sooty filters are developed on
the basis of synthetic cordierite.
Properties of porous ceramics based on synthetic
cordierite
Open porosity, Density, g/cm3 Temperature coefficient of expansion 20-800 ??, ???10-6 Maximum operating temperature, C 22-24 1,90 1,0-1,2 1200
Dilatometric curves of the cordierite exploratory
samples, obtained by a solid-phase synthesis (1),
crystallization of quenched glasses (2), quartz
glass (3), and a sample cut from the catalytic
block of ?orn?ng Corporat?on production.
?uthors Frantsevich Institute for Problems of
Materials Science, NAS of Ukraine, Department 4,
Doctor V. Pavlikov, Doctor V. Garmash, Phone.
380(44)4242001, e-mailgarmash_at_ipms.kiev.ua
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National Academy of Science of UkraineFrantsevich
Institute for Problems of Materials Science
CATALYTIC NEUTRALIZERS FOR AUTOMOBILES WITH
GASOLINE ENGINE
The converter represents the synthetic cordierite
ceramic block with cellular structure of the
cylindrical form with volume from 1 litre. On a
surface of internal channels the shallow layer of
the secondary carrying agent from adamant is put,
which improves in dozens of times (up to 15-16
m2/g) specific surface and ternary
platinum-paladium-ruthenic catalyst. The contents
of active components - platinum metals is 3,5 g
on kg of the ceramic carrying agent. Complex
catalyst with replacement of a part of platinum
with oxide of rare-earth metal is developed and
passes test.
The catalytic converter intended for complex
?leaning from CO, NOx, CxHy of exhaust gases of
the automobiles using not ethylated variety of
benzine.
Ceramic block Ceramic block Ceramic block Ceramic block Ceramic block Catalytic afterburner Catalytic afterburner Advantages
Material Dimen-sions of the block, mm Number of chan-nels in a cross-section on1sm2 Dimen-sions of the chan-nel,mm Thick-ness of a wall, mm Starting ??, NOx, CxHy oxidizing reaction temperature, oC Temperature of 100 ??,NOx, CxHy, conversion, ?? 1. Reduced starting oxidizing reaction temperature 2. Reduced temperature of 100 transformation 3. Economy of platinum metals - up to 30
Synthetic cordierite d95-100 h100-200 49 1?1 0,2 230, 50 conversion 400 1. Reduced starting oxidizing reaction temperature 2. Reduced temperature of 100 transformation 3. Economy of platinum metals - up to 30
?? removal
Results of the test performance catalytic
converter at different temperatures
IPMS
Walker
Linda Gobex
???? removal
IPMS
Walker
Linda Gobex
?uthors Frantsevich Institute for Problems of
Materials Science, NAS of Ukraine, Department 4,
Doctor V. Pavlikov, Doctor V. Garmash, Phone.
380(44)4242001, e-mailgarmash_at_ipms.kiev.ua
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National Academy of Science of UkraineFrantsevich
Institute for Problems of Materials Science
CERAMIC PARTICULATE FILTER WITH CATALYTIC COATING
The filter represents the ceramic cylindrical
monolyte with cellular structure and volume up to
3 litres. Material of the block is synthetic
cordierite. On a surface of internal channels and
pores the shallow layer of the secondary carrying
agent and the catalyst on the basis of oxides of
transition metals is put.
Ceramic material - synthetic cordierite Ceramic material - synthetic cordierite Ceramic material - synthetic cordierite Ceramic material - synthetic cordierite
Open porosity , Open porosity , 55-60 55-60
Average pore size, micron Average pore size, micron 10-15 10-15
Density, g / sm3 Density, g / sm3 1,5 1,5
Coefficient of thermal expansion in the temperature range 20-800 ??, ??-1 ? 10-6 Coefficient of thermal expansion in the temperature range 20-800 ??, ??-1 ? 10-6 0,6-0,9 0,6-0,9
Limiting operating temperature, ?? Limiting operating temperature, ?? 1200 1200
Specific surface, m2 / m3 Specific surface, m2 / m3 700-1000 700-1000
General surface, m2 General surface, m2 ?5 ?5
Ceramic sooty filter with a catalytic coat Ceramic sooty filter with a catalytic coat Ceramic sooty filter with a catalytic coat Ceramic sooty filter with a catalytic coat Ceramic sooty filter with a catalytic coat Commercial advantages
1. Cylindrical monolite dimensions, mm Cylindrical monolite dimensions, mm d120 mm h150 mm d120 mm h150 mm Temperature of soot oxidizing is comparable to temperature of EICs exhausts automatic filter regeneration
2. Dimensions of the channel, mm Dimensions of the channel, mm 4?4 4?4 Temperature of soot oxidizing is comparable to temperature of EICs exhausts automatic filter regeneration
3. Wall thickness of the channel, mm Wall thickness of the channel, mm 1 1 Temperature of soot oxidizing is comparable to temperature of EICs exhausts automatic filter regeneration
4. Catalytic coat on the basis of oxides of the transition metals Catalytic coat on the basis of oxides of the transition metals Oxidizing of soot at 380-400 ?? Oxidizing of soot at 380-400 ?? Temperature of soot oxidizing is comparable to temperature of EICs exhausts automatic filter regeneration
5. Trapping of particles depending on their size, Trapping of particles depending on their size, 95, starting with 10 nm 95, starting with 10 nm Trapping of soot nano particles
6. Hydraulic resistance at air consumption 300 kg/h, sm of water column Hydraulic resistance at air consumption 300 kg/h, sm of water column 40-60 40-60
7. Temperature of 100 ??,NOx, CxHy, conversion, ?? Temperature of 100 ??,NOx, CxHy, conversion, ?? 420 420
Developed sooty filters can be used for making two-stage system of catalytic neutralization of exhaust gases, starting from low temperatures (start and warming-up of the drive) when traditional catalytic neutralizers are insufficiently effective (so-called problem of "cool start). Developed sooty filters can be used for making two-stage system of catalytic neutralization of exhaust gases, starting from low temperatures (start and warming-up of the drive) when traditional catalytic neutralizers are insufficiently effective (so-called problem of "cool start). Developed sooty filters can be used for making two-stage system of catalytic neutralization of exhaust gases, starting from low temperatures (start and warming-up of the drive) when traditional catalytic neutralizers are insufficiently effective (so-called problem of "cool start). Developed sooty filters can be used for making two-stage system of catalytic neutralization of exhaust gases, starting from low temperatures (start and warming-up of the drive) when traditional catalytic neutralizers are insufficiently effective (so-called problem of "cool start). Developed sooty filters can be used for making two-stage system of catalytic neutralization of exhaust gases, starting from low temperatures (start and warming-up of the drive) when traditional catalytic neutralizers are insufficiently effective (so-called problem of "cool start). Developed sooty filters can be used for making two-stage system of catalytic neutralization of exhaust gases, starting from low temperatures (start and warming-up of the drive) when traditional catalytic neutralizers are insufficiently effective (so-called problem of "cool start).
98
94
100
90
76
80
74
65
C
C
60
o
o
C
C
60
o
C

t300
o
o
t385
o
t250
t250
t300
40
t385
20
0
DNOx
DCO
DD
Test results efficiency particulate filter with
catalytic coating at different temperatures
?uthors Frantsevich Institute for Problems of
Materials Science, NAS of Ukraine, Department 4,
Doctor V. Pavlikov, Doctor V. Garmash, Phone.
380(44)4242001, e-mailgarmash_at_ipms.kiev.ua
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National Academy of Science of UkraineFrantsevich
Institute for Problems of Materials Science
CERAMIC FILTERS FOR MELTS OF METALS
Filters with honeycomb and cellular structure for
refining (filtration) metal melts at a
temperature operation up to 1650 C are based on
synthetic mullite and mulite-zircon using
domestic raw materials (kaolin, zircon, alumina).
In combination with low temperature synthesis of
mullite (1500-1550 C) ceramic filters based on
mullite and mulite-zircon can be competitive in
the CIS markets.
Key performance of ceramic filters
Material mullite, mulite-zircon
Channel sizes, mm 0,5-4
Channels of 1 cm2 8-47
Thickness of the channel wall, mm 1
Maximum operating temperature, C 1650
Porosity, 50-70
Specific surface, cm2 / g gt4?104
Compressive strength, MPa gt10
Coefficient of thermal expansion in the temperature range 20-800 ??, ??-1?10-6 5,8
Number of cycles (initial-maximum operating temperature) 5
?uthors Frantsevich Institute for Problems of
Materials Science, NAS of Ukraine, Department 4,
Doctor V. Pavlikov, Doctor V. Garmash, Phone.
380(44)4242001, e-mailgarmash_at_ipms.kiev.ua