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IN THE NAME OF GOD

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Title: IN THE NAME OF GOD


1
IN THE NAME OF GOD
  • Islamic Azad University
  • Falavarjan Branch
  • School of Biological Sciences
  • Department of Microbiology

2
  • UNDERSTANDING ANTIBACTERIAL ACTION
  • AND RESISTANCE
  • By
  • Keivan Beheshti Maal

3
???????? ??????? ??? ? ??? ????????? ???????
????? ?? ? ???? ????? ?? ????????
4
??? ?????? ?? ?????????
  • ???????? ??? ??? ??????? (?????????)
  • ???????? ?????????
  • ????????? ???? ????
  • ????????? ??? ????
  • ????????? ??? ???? ???? ?????
  • ??????????????? (????????)

5
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6
?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ?????
???? ?? ????
  • ???? ?? ???? ?????
  • ???? ?? ???? ?????
  • ???
  • pH
  • ???? ???? ???

7
?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ?????
???? ?? ????
  • ?? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???? ??????????? ??
    ???????? ?????? ?? ????
  • ?? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???? ??????????? ??
    ???????? ?????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ????? ????
    ???????)
  • ???? 50? 70? 96
  • ?????? ????? ????? ???

8
(No Transcript)
9
?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ?????
???? ?? ????
  • ?? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ?? ???????? ??????
    ?? ????
  • (?? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ?????????? ?????)
  • ?? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ???
    ????? ???
  • 10? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? 10 ????
  • ????? ? ??????? 5-3
  • ????????? 1.5
  • ??????? ??? ????? 50-30

10
?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ?????
???? ?? ????
  • ?? ?????? ?? ???? pH ???? ??????????? ?? ????????
    ?????? ?? ????
  • ?????
  • ????? ?? ??? ?????? (?????? pH --gt ?????? ?????
    ??????? ??? --gt ???? ??? ???? ???????? ? ?? ?
    ?????? ??? ???????????? (????? ?? SH, NH2 ??
    ?????????)
  • ????? ?? ??? ???? ??????
  • (?????? pH --gt ?????? ??? - --gt ?????? ???
    ?????????????? ????????
  • (QAC? ??????????? ? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ?
    ????????)

11
?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ?????
???? ?? ????
  • ???? ???
  • ???? ???? ?????? ??? ?.....
  • ????? ?? ????????? --gt ???? ???
  • ?????? ?????? ????????????? ?? ????? ????????????
    ? ???????????????

12
??????? ??? ?????????
  • Extracellular Active Agents
  • Cytoplasmic Membrane Active Agents
  • Cytoplasmic Active Agents

13
??????? ??? ?????????
  • Extracellular Active Agents
  • ????? ?? ????????????? ???? ????????? ???????
    ???? ??
  • ????????? ? ???????
  • ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????????
  • ?????? ????? ????????? O.M --gt ???? ??? LPS
  • EDTA? ??? ???????? (??? ?????)? ????????? ?
    ?????????
  • ??? ?? ?????? ?????
  • ???????? ??????????? (??????? ? ????? ?? ????)?
    ??????
  • ?????? ???? (?????????? ??? ?? ????????? ??
    OM, CM)

14
??????? ??? ?????????
15
??????? ??? ?????????
  • Membrane Active Agents
  • ???? ????? ???? ????? ?? ?????
  • ?????? ???????? ????????????? ??????????? ??????
    (??????? ???????
  • ????????????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?
    ???????)? ???????
  • ??? ? ??????
  • ????? ??? ????
  • QAC? ???????????
  • ?? ??? ???? pmf
  • ?????? ? ??????? ?? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?
    ???? ???
  • ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ????
  • 1) ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????????
  • 2) ??? ?? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?? ? ??????
  • 3) ???? ????? ATPase ?? ???? ???????????

16
(No Transcript)
17
(No Transcript)
18
??????? ??? ?????????
  • Cytoplasmic Active Agents
  • Alkylating Agents ????? ????? (????? ?? ???????
    ????? ????????? ????????? ? ?????????)
  • Cross Linking Agents ????????? ? ????????????
  • Intercalating Agents ??????? ????? ? ???????
  • Nucleic Acid Binding Agents ?????? ??? ????
    ????
  • Ribosomal Active Agents ?? ???????
  • Oxidating Agents ????????? ? ????
  • Metal Derivatives ????? ????? ??? ???

19
(No Transcript)
20
???? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????????
  • ???? ????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ????? ?? ???? ??
    ??????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ???????
    ?? ??? ???? ??? ????
  • Intrinsic Resistance ????? ?????????
  • Acquired Resistance ??? ?????????? ???????? ??
    ???????????

21
???? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????????
  • Innate Resistance ?? ???? ??? ???? ??
  • 1) ???? ???? ?????
  • ????????? ????? ?? ?????????? ????????
    (??????????????)
  • 2)????? ?????? ?????
  • ????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?????
    ???????????? ? ???????
  • ??????????????? (???????????????)
  • 3) ??????????? ? ??????? (?????????? ???????????
    ??????????
  • ?????? ? ??????? ?????????)
  • 4) ????? ????????? (?????????? ??????????)
    ???? ???? ????
  • ???????? ??????? ????? ???????? ? ?????????
    (?????? ??????????)

22
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23
???? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????????
  • Acquired Resistance
  • ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ? ??????? ??
  • Phenyl Mercuric Nitrate
  • Phenyl Mercuric Acetate
  • Thiomersal
  • Merbromin ?????????
  • ????? ?????? ?? ???? ? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??????
  • (?????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ?
    ???????)
  • ??????????? ?????? ?? ??????????? (????????????
    ??????)
  • ????????? ?????? ?? QAC (?????? ????? ??? ?????
    ????? ?????? ?????)

24
(No Transcript)
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