Who most wanted the Treaty of Versailles enforced? Why?

1
Who most wanted the Treaty of Versailles
enforced? Why?

• France, most damaged all alone vs. Ger.

2
What was Lenins solution to the economic
problems the Communists faced after the Russian
Civil War?

• New Economic Policy (NEP)

3
Lenin's death led to a power struggle between
whom? Who was the victor?

• Stalin Trotsky, Stalin

4
What was the main threat that fascist regimes
responded to?

• spread of communism

5
What do fascist rulers insist the individual must
put before everything?

• the State

6
How did Muss. become Prime Minister?

• appointed by king after Black Shirts march on Rome

7
What did France do in 1923 when Germany fell
behind on repsarations?

• occupied Ruhr

8
How did this impact the German economy?

• huge inflation, some unemployment

9
Name 2 parts of the Nazi Party Platform.

• repudiation of T of V, unification of Austria
  Germany, eradication of Jews, agrarian reform,
  confiscation of war profits, etc.

10
What was the first attempted takeover by the Nazi
Party?

• Beer Hall Putsch (Munich, 1923)

11
What did the Dawes Plan do?

• restructured rep pay back (tied to Ger. economy)

12
Name 2 of the key causes of the Great Depression.

• Crisis in currency investments, commodities
  crisis, lack of leadership

13
How did the crash of 29 affect U.S. investment
in Europe?

• stopped it

14
Why couldnt farmers pay their debts in the 20s?

• glut of agricultural goods in market

15
How did most European govts respond to the Great
Depression?

• cut spending, wage price controls

16
Who rose to power in response to the Great
Depression in Germany? Who did they use as
scapegoats?

• Nazis, Jews and Communists

17
What did Hitler blame on the Communists use as
an excuse to expand his power?

• Reichstag Fire

18
What act of terror made the Nazi anti-Semitic
program a clear reality?

• Kristallnacht

19
What was the name of Hitlers elite secret police
force? Who led it?

• SS, Himmler

20
What kinds of propaganda were used by the Nazis?
Who was their minister of propaganda?

• marches, rallies, radio, print Joseph Goebbels

21
What was the Nazis economic policy?

• Gear all production toward strong military state

22
What instrument guided the Soviet economy between
1927 1942?

• the Five Year Plans

23
What did these plans call for?

• rapid industrialization w/ specific goals for
  production

24
How did the plans expect to pay for these
increases?

• grain exports from collectivized farms

25
What class strongly opposed collectivized farming?

• kulaks

26
What was done to those who opposed?

• death or imprisonment

27
What was the cost of this industrialization?

• millions of deaths, lack of economic equality,
  years of self denial

28
What was Stalins goal in the great Purges?

• eliminate all opposition w/in the Party (old
  Bolsheviks)

29
What old empire had controlled the Middle East
for hundreds of years prior to 1900? What event
brought the collapse of this empire?

• The Ottoman Empire, WWI

30
How did the Ottoman govt respond to the uprising
of Armenian Christians in 1915?

• They killed 600,000 Armenians and sent 500,000
  more into exile

31
What leader took over Turkey at the end of WWI
and allowed for the official end of the end of
the Empire? What was his biggest reform?

• Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, make Turkey a secular
  state, free from connections with Islam

32
What resource was discovered in Persia that
served to increase foreign interest?

• Oil

33
Name at least two of the new states created in
the Middle East after WWI?

• Syria, Lebanon, Iraq, Jordan

34
What was the first new kingdom created by Arabs
in the Middle East? What specific industry
brought great wealth to this kingdom in the
1930s?

• Saudi Arabia, the American oil industry

35
In what part of the former Ottoman empire is
there a great deal of tension today? Who is the
tension between?

• Former Palestine Arab Palestinians and the
  Israelis

36
Who took over leadership of the Nationalists
after Sun Yat Sens death?

• Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai Shek)

37
Who did Jiang Jieshi identify as the two major
enemies to Chinese unification in the late 1920s
?

• the Communists and Japan

38
What is the basic message of Maos Four Slogans?

• do the opposite of what the enemy wants/expects

39
What was Maos Long March?

• when Mao and the communists broke the nationalist
  siege and marched north to their only remaining
  base

40
Why did Jiang feel the peasants were not ready
for a republic?

• They were very poor and illiterate

41
Why did Jiang suppress all opposition and censor
free expression?

• he feared Communist influence

42
Sum it all up by identifying 3 of the major
problems China faced during the 1930s.

• the Great Depression, Japanese aggression,
  internal conflict (comms vs. nats)

43
Where did Gandhi receive an education that
emphasized nationalism and self-reliance?

• Great Britain

44
Where was Gandhi when his eyes were opened to
racial injustice?

• South Africa (and its policy of Apartheid)

45
How did Gandhi respond to the massacre at
Amritsar?

• Launched his first major campaign of non-violent
  passive resistance

46
What kind of things did Gandhi encourage the
Indians to do in their resistance of the British?

• Boycott, refuse to pay taxes, refuse to work for
  the British

47
What event exposed the British to a great deal of
outrage from the rest of the world?

• The march on the slat mine

48
When will India finally get its independence?

• In 1947, after WWII