Womens List as a Tool for Empowerment

1
Womens List as a Tool for Empowerment???????
?????? ??? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ?
????????????? ????????????

• Case study from Iceland
• ?? ??????? ????????
• Sigridur Lilly Baldursdottir

2
A Womens Political Party??????? ????????????
??????
3
A Womens Political Party??????? ????????????
??????

• Why? ???????

4
A Womens Political Party ??????? ????????????
??????

• Why? ???????
• How? ????

5
A Womens Political Party ??????? ????????????
??????

• Why? ???????
• How? ????
• What did we gain? ??? ?? ?????????

6
A Womens Political Party ??????? ????????????
??????

• Why? ???????
• How? ????
• What did we gain? ??? ?? ?????????
• What is still to be worked for? ??? ??? ???
  ????????? ?????????

7
A Womens Political Party ??????? ????????????
??????

• Why? ???????
• How? ????
• What did we gain? ??? ?? ?????????
• What is still to be worked for? ??? ??? ???
  ????????? ?????????
• Was it worth trying? ?????? ?? ????????? ????
  ???????

8
A Womens Political Party ??????? ????????????
??????

• Why? ???????
• How? ????
• What did we gain? ??? ?? ?????????
• What is still to be worked for? ??? ??? ???
  ????????? ?????????
• Was it worth trying? ?????? ?? ????????? ????
  ???????
• Would it work today? ????? ?? ???????? ???????
  ??? ????????? ? ?????? ????????

9
A Womens Political Party ??????? ????????????
??????

• Why? ???????
• How? ????
• What did we gain? ??? ?? ?????????
• What is still to be worked for? ??? ??? ???
  ????????? ?????????
• Was it worth trying? ?????? ?? ????????? ????
  ???????
• Would it work today? ????? ?? ???????? ???????
  ??? ????????? ? ?????? ????????
• Would it work in other countries and within
  different cultures? ????? ?? ???????? ???
  ????????? ? ?????? ??????? ? ?????? ??????? ?
  ?????? ??????????

10

• In 1980 Vigdís Finnbogadóttir was elected as a
  president of Iceland, the first woman in the
  world to be democratically elected as a president
• ? 1980 ?????? ??????????????? ????? ?????? ? ????
  ????????, ????????? ??????????? ?????? ?
  ?????????? ??????????????? ???????
• This really inspired and encouraged Icelandic
  women ...
• ??? ????? ???????? ? ?????????? ?????????? ??????

11
January 1983 A Group of Women Came Together
...?????? 1983 ??????? ?????? ??????
12
February 28th An open meeting in Reykjavík where
we discussed the situation. ??????? 28 ????????
??????? ? ??????????, ??? ?? ????????? ????????.

13
... sang our songs ???? ???? ?????
14
... and decided to run for parliament in the
spring ? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ? ???????
? ????????? ??????
15
Why????????

• some facts of real life
• ????????? ????? ?? ?????

16
Education???????????Gratuates from the
University of Iceland 1950 2000??????????
??????????? ???????????? 1950 - 2000
17
Labour Force Participation 1950 1983 ...
2001??????? ?? ????? ????? 1950 1983 ...
2001
18
Womens Representation in Parliament 1916
1982??????? ????????????????? ? ??????????1916
- 1982
19
How did we work???? ?? ?????????
20
Hired a house in the city centre?????????? ??? ?
?????? ??????
21
Kept on discussing to find our own
voice?????????? ?????????, ????? ?????????? ????
???????
22
Travelled around the country learned by
listening?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????
??????
23
Demonstrated ????????
24
It was a Grassroot Movement???????? ?? ???????
??????

• ... and a Feminist Party
• ? ???????????? ??????

25
...and it was Fun ? ???? ??????
26
We got women elected?? ???????? ???????? ??????

• To the parliament (tot. 63 MPs) / ? ?????????
  (????? 63 ????????)
• 1983 3
• 1987 6
• 1991 5
• 1995 3
• To local governments / ? ??????? ?????? ?????? -
  ??????????????
• Reykjavík ?????????
• Akureyri ????????
• Selfoss ???????

27
Womens Representation in Parliament?????????????
???? ?????? ? ?????????? 1916 1982 ... 2002
28
Members of Parliament from the Womens List?????
??????????, ????????? ?? ??????? ???????
29
What did we gain???? ?? ?????????
30

• ... and what is still to be worked for?
• ? ??? ??? ????????? ????????

31
What did we gain???? ?? ?????????
32
What did we gain? ??? ?? ?????????

• New political agenda ????? ???????????? ????????
  ???

33
What did we gain? ??? ?? ?????????

• New political agenda ????? ???????????? ????????
  ???
• Womens issues became a visible part of the
  discussion ??????? ?????? ???? ??????
  ???????????? ???????

34
What did we gain? ??? ?? ?????????

• New political agenda ????? ???????????? ????????
  ???
• Womens issues became a visible part of the
  discussion ??????? ?????? ???? ??????
  ???????????? ???????
• More women active in politics, in all parties
  ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ? ????????, ??
  ???? ???????

35
What did we gain? ??? ?? ?????????

• New political agenda ????? ???????????? ????????
  ???
• Womens issues became a visible part of the
  discussion ??????? ?????? ???? ??????
  ???????????? ???????
• More women active in politics, in all parties
  ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ? ????????, ??
  ???? ???????
• MPs from 5 to 35 ???????? ? ?????????? ??
  5 ?? 35

36
What did we gain? ??? ?? ?????????

• New political agenda ????? ???????????? ????????
  ???
• Womens issues became a visible part of the
  discussion ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?
  ???????????? ???????
• More women active in politics, in all parties
  ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ? ????????, ??
  ???? ???????
• MPs from 5 to 35 ???????? ? ?????????? ??
  5 ?? 35
• Ministers from 10 to 33 ???????? ?? 10 to
  33

37
What did we gain? ??? ?? ?????????

• New political agenda ????? ???????????? ????????
  ???
• Womens issues became a visible part of the
  discussion ??????? ?????? ???? ??????
  ???????????? ???????
• More women active in politics, in all parties
  ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ? ????????, ??
  ???? ???????
• MPs from 5 to 35 / ???????? ? ?????????? ??
  5 ?? 35
• Ministers from 10 to 33 / ???????? ?? 10
  to 33 Mayor in Reykjavík / ??? ??????????

38
What is still to be worked for???? ??? ???
????????? ?????????
39
What is still to be worked for? ??? ??? ???
????????? ?????????

• A lot! ??? ??????? ?????????!

40
What is still to be worked for? ??? ??? ???
????????? ?????????

• A lot! and so it will always be,
• ??? ??????? ?????????! ? ??? ????? ??????,

41
What is still to be worked for? ??? ??? ???
????????? ?????????

• A lot! and so it will always be,
• ??? ??????? ?????????! ? ??? ????? ??????,
• It is a never ending story, because ...
• ??? ??????????? ???????, ?????? ???

42
The Society is???????? ?????????????
43
The Society is ???????? ?????????????

• human activities and interactions. ??????? ?
  ?????????????? ????? ??????

44
The Society is ???????? ?????????????

• human activities and interactions. ??????? ?
  ?????????????? ????? ??????
• Institutions / ?????????
• Rules and legislations / ??????? ? ??????
• Social agreements / ??????????
• Rights and obligations / ????? ? ???????????

45
The Society is ???????? ?????????????

• human activities and interactions. ??????? ?
  ?????????????? ????? ??????
• Institutions / ?????????
• Rules and legislations / ??????? ? ??????
• Social agreements / ??????????
• Rights and obligations / ????? ? ???????????
• made by humans / ????????? ??????

46
The Society is ???????? ?????????????

• human activities and interactions. ??????? ?
  ?????????????? ????? ??????
• Institutions / ?????????
• Rules and legislations / ??????? ? ??????
• Social agreements / ??????????
• Rights and obligations / ????? ? ???????????
• made by humans, now mostly by men / ?????????
  ??????, ???? ? ???????? ?????????

47
The Society is ???????? ?????????????

• human activities and interactions. ??????? ?
  ?????????????? ????? ??????
• Institutions / ?????????
• Rules and legislations / ??????? ? ??????
• Social agreements / ??????????
• Rights and obligations / ????? ? ???????????
• made by humans, now mostly by men and therefore
  unfortunatelly primarily to fit their needs /
  ????????? ??????, ???? ? ???????? ????????? ?
  ??????, ? ?????????, ?????????? ?????? ??
  ????????????

48
But ...??
49
But ... ??

• The society is a dynamic phenomena, always in a
  making / ???????? ??? ?????????? ?????????, ?
  ?????????? ???????? ???????????

50
But ... ??

• The society is a dynamic phenomena, always in a
  making / ???????? ??? ?????????? ?????????, ?
  ?????????? ???????? ???????????
• The society should fit us all, that was the main
  idea behind democracy / ???????? ??????
  ?????????? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ????
  ??????????

51
The society ...????????

• The society is a dynamic phenomena, always in a
  making / ???????? ??? ?????????? ?????????, ?
  ?????????? ???????? ???????????
• The society should fit us all, that was the main
  idea behind democracy / ???????? ??????
  ?????????? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ????
  ??????????
• Therefore it is always highly important that both
  women and men have an equal saying in the ongoing
  dialogue which structures and make the society /
  ??????? ?????? ?????, ????? ? ??????? ? ???????
  ????? ?????? ??????????? ??????????? ? ????????
  ???????, ??????? ????????????? ? ??????? ????????

52
Would a Womens Party work today?????? ??
???????? ??????? ?????? ????????
53
Would a Womens Party work today????????? ??
??????? ?????? ????????

• Would it work in other countries and within other
  cultures? / ???????? ?? ??? ? ?????? ??????? ? ?
  ?????? ??????????

54
Would it work??????? ?? ??? ?????????
55
Would it work? ?????? ?? ??? ?????????

• Each country has its own special circumstances,
  culture, traditions etc. / ? ?????? ?????? ????
  ???? ?????? ??????? ?????, ????????, ???????? ?
  ?.?.

56
Would it work? ?????? ?? ??? ?????????

• Each country has its own special circumstances,
  culture, traditions etc. / ? ?????? ?????? ????
  ???? ?????? ??????? ?????, ????????, ???????? ?
  ?.?.
• Women have to find their own way within the
  situation they find themselves in. / ????????
  ?????????? ???????? ?? ????????, ? ??????? ???
  ?????.

57
Would it work? ?????? ?? ??? ?????????

• Each country has its own special circumstances,
  culture, traditions etc. / ? ?????? ?????? ????
  ???? ?????? ??????? ?????, ????????, ???????? ?
  ?.?.
• Women have to find their own way within the
  situation they find themselves in. / ????????
  ?????????? ???????? ?? ????????, ? ??????? ???
  ?????.
• The electoral systems are different /
  ????????????? ??????? ???????????

58
Would it work? ?????? ?? ??? ?????????

• Each country has its own special circumstances,
  culture, traditions etc. / ? ?????? ?????? ????
  ???? ?????? ??????? ?????, ????????, ???????? ?
  ?.?.
• Women have to find their own way within the
  situation they find themselves in. / ????????
  ?????????? ???????? ?? ????????, ? ??????? ???
  ?????.
• The electoral systems are different /
  ????????????? ??????? ???????????
• The presentation of women in Parliaments varies
  between countries / ????????????????? ?????? ?
  ?????????? ??????????? ?? ?????? ? ??????

59
Would it work? ?????? ?? ??? ?????????

• Each country has its own special circumstances,
  culture, traditions etc. / ? ?????? ?????? ????
  ???? ?????? ??????? ?????, ????????, ???????? ?
  ?.?.
• Women have to find their own way within the
  situation they find themselves in. / ????????
  ?????????? ???????? ?? ????????, ? ??????? ???
  ?????.
• The electoral systems are different /
  ????????????? ??????? ???????????
• The presentation of women in Parliaments varies
  between countries / ????????????????? ?????? ?
  ?????????? ??????????? ?? ?????? ? ??????
• There is no right way! / ??? ???????????
  ?????????? ??????!

60
Would it work? ?????? ?? ??? ?????????

• Each country has its own special circumstances,
  culture, traditions etc. / ? ?????? ?????? ????
  ???? ?????? ??????? ?????, ????????, ???????? ?
  ?.?.
• Women have to find their own way within the
  situation they find themselves in. / ????????
  ?????????? ???????? ?? ????????, ? ??????? ???
  ?????.
• The electoral systems are different /
  ????????????? ??????? ???????????
• The presentation of women in Parliaments varies
  between countries / ????????????????? ?????? ?
  ?????????? ??????????? ?? ?????? ? ??????
• There is no right way! / ??? ???????????
  ?????????? ??????!
• But if ... / ?? ????

61
If ...????
62
If ... ????

• If the electoral system makes it easy to build up
  new parties, with no or low thresholds of voters
  / ???? ????????????? ??????? ????????? ?????
  ??????????? ????? ???????, ??? ??? ? ???????
  ????????????? ??? ???????????

63
If ... ????

• If the electoral system makes it easy to build up
  new parties, with no or low thresholds of voters
  ???? ????????????? ??????? ????????? ?????
  ??????????? ????? ???????, ??? ??? ? ???????
  ????????????? ??? ???????????
• And / ?

64
If ... ????

• If the electoral system makes it easy to build up
  new parties, with no or low thresholds of voters
  /???? ????????????? ??????? ????????? ?????
  ??????????? ????? ???????, ??? ??? ? ???????
  ????????????? ??? ???????????
• And / ?
• If the representation of women in Parliament is
  low (5-15) / ???? ????????????????? ?????? ?
  ?????????? ?????? (5-15 )

65
If ... ????

• If the electoral system makes it easy to build up
  new parties, with no or low thresholds of voters
  /???? ????????????? ??????? ????????? ?????
  ??????????? ????? ???????, ??? ??? ? ???????
  ????????????? ??? ???????????
• And / ?
• If the representation of women in Parliament is
  low (5-15) / ???? ????????????????? ?????? ?
  ?????????? ?????? (5-15 )
• A Womens Political Party could be more than
  worth trying / ??????? ???????????? ??????
  ??????????? ??????