Design and Development of Strategies for Adaptive Web Based Learning Environments (A-WBLE)

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Design and Development of Strategies for Adaptive
Web Based Learning Environments (A-WBLE)

• Fethi A. Inan
• Michael M. Grant
• The University of Memphis

AECT 2005 -- Orlando, FL, USA Oc. 18-22, 2005
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Individual differences

• Gender - Age
• Prior knowledge
• Learning Cognitive styles
• Discipline of study
• Goals
• Intelligences
• Motivational state
• Disabilities

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What is A-WBLE?

• An adaptive web based learning environment
  gathers users information and preferences,
  builds an individual model based on the
  individuals preferences and knowledge, applies
  adaptive methods to accommodate each individual
  based on the developed model, and monitors user
  action and learning process to provide new
  information to update the users model, thereby
  granting a more effective and efficient system.

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Advantages A-WBLE

• Increases the interaction between users and
  material
• Decreases distractions from learning tasks
• Manages individual differences by providing
  students with a more personal experience through
  incorporating different instructional strategies,
  resources, and learning environment

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Adaptive model Steps

• Gathering Collecting students prior
  preferences, knowledge, skills and attitudes
• Monitoring Observing student sequences,
  interaction, errors, pace
• Inference Inferring what these collected data
  tell about other parameters
• Prediction Predicting learners knowledge and
  level of motivation in the following learning
  tasks
• Adapting Making adjustments to the system based
  on collected and inferred data
• Updating Altering student model continuously
  according to collected and monitored data
  throughout the learning process

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Adaptive Methods

• Adaptive Content
• Adjusting the organization, format, or amount of
  content
• Adaptive Sequencing
• Ordering content in the most suitable way
• Adaptive Navigation and Orientation
• Changing the appearance and structure of
  navigations
• Direct guidance, link annotation or hiding links

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Adaptive Methods

• Adaptive Support and Feedback
• Providing intelligent help during learning
  process regarding student actions
• Adaptive Learning Activities
• Providing different treatment for each user
• Adaptive Interaction
• Adjusting communication type to increase learner
  engagement in the learning process

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Adaptive Methods

• Adaptive Assessment Grading
• Applying different type of assessment procedures
  and grading options
• Adaptive Collaboration
• Using system knowledge about different users to
  form a matching collaboration group
• Adaptive Interface
• Changing visual interface of the pages according
  to individual preferences

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Adaptive Methods

• Adaptive Social Context
• To maintain interest or user appeal by providing
  an adjusted social context
• Adaptive Individualization Level
• Giving options to each individual to decide the
  system adaptation level

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An architecture of an A-WBLE
Learning Goals
Learning Styles
Student Profile
Student Actions
Students Errors
Prior Knowledge
Navigation Styles
Student Model
Motivation
Interaction
Preferences
Adaptive Methods
Adaptive Content
Adaptive Learning Actv.
Adaptive Sequence
Adaptive Interaction
Adaptive Individual Level
Adaptive Interface
Adaptive Assessment
Adaptive Social Context
Adaptive Feedback
Adaptive Collaboration
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Matching Individual Differences to Adaptive
Methods
Individual differences Traits/ Measures Description Instructional Effects Adaptive Methods
Mental abilities Learning styles Cognitive styles Learner preferences for different types of learning and instructional activities. Describe how individuals encode, organize, retrieve and apply knowledge. Format of instruction and learning activities. Adaptive Content Adaptive Orientation Adaptive Facilitation
Prior knowledge Structural knowledge Procedural knowledge Subject area What learner already knows. Learning abilities and strategies that an individual has already acquired. Domain area of learner. How well an individual can learn new knowledge or skills. Adaptive Content Adaptive Sequencing Adaptive Collaboration Adaptive Assessment
Personality Goals Motivation Preferences Attitudes How an individual regulates his own learning. How an individual interacts with his environment and with others. Time spent on learning. Interaction and Collaboration  Adaptive Collaboration Adaptive Feedback Adaptive Interface?
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Requirements for A-WBLE

• Instructor Requirement
• Institutional Requirement
• Maintenance Requirement
• Ethical Requirement
• Quality Requirement
• Implementation Requirement

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Conclusion

• While designing the online instruction in a more
  effective manner, developers have to deal with
  all aspects of the teaching-learning process.
  Therefore, adaptive methods should go beyond the
  adaptive content and navigation
• Even if a system provides all adaptive methods
  according to individual characteristics, it does
  not guarantee learning will always occur.

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Contacts

• Fethi A. Inan
• The University of Memphis
• finan_at_memphis.edu
• http//idt.memphis.edu/jpcheon/aect/
• Michael M. Grant
• The University of Memphis
• mgrant2_at_memphis.edu
• idt.memphis.edu