A Pixel Telescope for Detector R

1
A Pixel Telescope for Detector RD for a Future
Linear Collider
Ingrid-Maria Gregor on behalf of EUDET JRA1

• EUDET Project
• Overview of Joint Research Activity 1
• Pixel Telescope
• Sensors
• Readout
• Simulations
• Mechanics
• Summary Outlook

NSS 2006 N15 HEPNP Instrumentation II Pixel
Detectors San Diego, California
2
EUDET Project
Programme to develop infrastructure to facilitate
experimentation and to enable the analysis of
data using shared equipment and common tools

• Proposal submitted March 2005
• Officially started 1.1.2006

• Budget
• 21.5M EUR total
• 7.0M EUR - EU contribution

3
Testbeam Infrastructure JRA1

• Provide testbeam telescope with
• Very high precision lt3 µm precision even at
  lower energies
• High readout speed (frame rate gt1kHz)
• Easy to use well defined/described interface
• Large range of conditions cooling, positioning,
  magnetic field
• Main use for pixel sensors, large volume tracking
  devices (TPC)

• Suitable to different test beam environments
• construction initial tests at DESY (Ee- up to 6
  GeV)
• exploitation at CERN, FNAL etc. possible

4
JRA1 Schedule
Phase1 Demonstrator

• First test facility will be available quickly for
  the groups developing pixels
• Use established pixel technology with analog
  readout and no data reduction

Phase2 Final telescope

• Use pixel sensor with fully digital readout,
  integrated Correlated Double Sampling (CDS), and
  data sparsification
• The beam telescope ready for the end of 2008

PCMAG available
PCMAG _at_ DESY
2006
2007
2008
2009
Demonstrator Available
Final Telescope Available
Demonstrator Integration Starts
now
5
Reminder What is required for ILC VXD?

• High impact parameter resolution
• Need for spatial resolution lt 5mm, multiple
  scattering lt0.1Xo
• Need for thin layers, with excellent mechanical
  stability
• High granularity due to high jets multiplicity
• Typical pixel pitch of around 20x20 mm2
• High occupancy due to ee- pairs background
• Need for fast read-out and on-line data
  sparsification
• Relatively harsh radiation environment
• Fneutron lt5109 n(1 MeV)/cm2/5 years
• Ray. ionisation 500 kRad/5 years

Need to combine high granularity, little multiple
scattering, high read-out speed, and radiation
hardness
6
Some Technological Options for ILC VXD
Groups working on these technologies are members
of EUDET
storage pixel 1
transfer gate
photogate

• Proposal CCD
• charge collected in thin layer and transferred
  through silicon
• established technology (SLD vertex detector)

buried channel (n)
Charge collection
High resistivity epitaxial layer (p)

• DEPFET
• fully depleted by sidewards depletion-gt full
  sensitivity over whole bulk
• electrons collected in internal gate and modulate
  transistor current
• very low noise

CMOS electronic Analog digital

• MAPS (CMOS technology)
• Standard CMOS wafer
• Charge collection via thermal diffusion
• Readout partially integrated on sensor
• As large enough arrays are available, this
  technology was chosen for the reference planes of
  the telescope

p-well
p-well
n-well
5-20 mm
p-epi
p-substrate
7
Reference Plane Sensors
CNRS/IPHC Strasbourg

• Demonstrator Mimostar 3M
• use Mimo3 prototype developed for STAR
  microvertex upgrade
• AMS 0.35 OPTO process with 12 µm epitaxial layer
• 4 sub-arrays (64 256 pixel)
• 30 30 µm2 pitch active area 7.7 7.7 mm2
• Readout 1.6 ms (4 analog output nodes at 10 MHz)

• pixel designed to stand gt1 MRad at room
  temperature
• engineering run was in summer 06, delivered in
  October, available for use in Feb. 07

• Final Telescope Mimosa-16
• based on well characterised MIMOSA-8 (TSMC 0.25)
• translation to AMS 0.35 OPTO radiation tolerant
  design (under development)
• fast column parallel architecture with integrated
  CDS and discrimination
• active area 2-4 cm2, 25 25 µm2 pitch,
• operational at room temperature
• the final device available early 2008

8
Readout EUDET Data Reduction Board
INFN

• one mother board handling tasks like on-board
  diagnostics, on-line calculation of pixel
  pedestal and noise, and remote configuration of
  the FPGA (Altera Cyclone II)
• one analog daughter card with 4 independent
  signal processing and digitizing stages
• one digital daughter card which drives and
  receives control/status signals for the detectors
  and features a USB 2.0 link

• Zero Suppression readout to minimize readout
  deadtime while normal data taking
• Full Frame readout mode for debugging or off-line
  pedestal and noise measurements

• The boards were delivered end of July 2006
• initial tests of hardware were successful
• testing of operation connected to a sensor
  (Mimosa V MimoStar) is under way
• EUDRB should be ready for telescope integration
  beginning of 2007

9
DAQ Integration Concept

• How to integrate the DUT hardware with the JRA1
  beam telescope?
• different groups with different detector
  technologies and different, pre-existing DAQ
  systems
• nobody has a large pool of effort to rewrite
  existing code
• Use completely different hardware and DAQ for the
  DUT
• synchronize only with Trigger, Busy and Reset
  signals
• readout software, DAQ and data storage is
  provided by the DUT user
• events combined off-line

DUT
telescope
Trigger
DAQ
DAQ


intfc
intfc
PC
PC

• Trigger Logic Unit (TLU)
• receives trigger and passes it on to telescope
  and DUT
• vetoes further triggers (BUSY)
• records timestamp
• hardware available

tel. ctrl
DUT ctrl
file
file
10
Simulations

• analytic method for track fitting with multiple
  scattering has been developed and verified using
  GEANT 4 simulation
• two-arm configuration
• intrinsic resolution telescope plane si2mm,
  sensor thickness 120mm

• the optimum telescope setup is not uniquely
  defined, many configurations are possible
• best configuration is depending on energy and
  telescope parameters

• if one configuration has to be chosen
• longer arms (20cm) for the reference planes
  should gain at low energies much more than the
  loss at high energies
• 6 sensor planes
• one high resolution plane (si1mm) needed to
  reach required precision of lt3mm

11
Telescope Mechanics

• Box 1
• fixed position, optical bench for three reference
  planes, temperature controlled
• Wall to DUT can be removed
• Box 2
• movable in z-direction, optical bench for three
  reference planes, temperature controlled
• Wall to DUT can be removed
• Box 3
• Gap between 2 and 3, closed by thermal cover
• DUT positioned on XYf-table

Box 1
Box 2
e-
Box 3 (DUT)
y

• XYf-table external with long mechanical
  structure to locate the DUT between the reference
  planes
• accuracy 10mm, repeatability lt0.5mm per axis
• This arm is the interface for the different
  DUTs
• Accuracy of mechanic 0,1mm (alignment runs
  foreseen)
• boxes can be placed into magnetic field, not the
  XYf-table (cost reasons)
• Want to keep a lot of flexibility for different
  users

f
PI
x
12
Summary

• Within the EUDET programme a pixel beam telescope
  is under development
• High precision, high readout speed, easy to use
• Monolithic Active Pixels chosen for telescope
  reference planes
• Mimostar3M soon available, sensor for final
  telescope under development
• Readout Concept chosen, hardware almost ready for
  integration
• Simulations help to find optimal mechanical
  configuration
• Long arms (20cm), 6 planes with one high
  resolution plane gives required precision
• Demonstrator with good precision already
  available summer 2007
• If interested to use this facility EUDET
  Transnational Access

ingrid.gregor_at_desy.de
13
Backup Slides
14
Telescope DAQ

• DAQ Software is divided into many parallel tasks
• several Producer tasks read the hardware
• one FileWriter task bundles events, writes to
  file and sends subsets for monitoring
• There can be several Online - Monitoring tasks
• one Buffer Monitor task allows to see what is
  going on
• a FileReader can re-inject data into the
  monitoring

Hardware
Hardware
Hardware
telescope producer
DUT producer
other producer
DAQ buffers
Writer task
file
Monitoring buffers
Monitoring task 1
Monitoring task 2

• Status
• Can have several producers (Dummy, Mimosa,
  DEPFET, TLU) all running together.
• Data from all of them combined by FileWriter and
  written to binary file.
• This can then be converted to a Root file for
  easier analysis.

15
IPHC DAQ Proposal Imager Card
Digital

• Hardware Based on Imager board PC
• MAPS Readout board developed at IPHC
• Data transfer to PC with USB 2.0 link
• Digital sequencer to control MAPS
• Analogue pixel stream acquisition ( 12 bits ADC,
  at up to 50 MHz )
• Can control MAPS with up to 1 Million pixels
• CDS calculation, Trigger handling on board
  Firmware (Virtex 2)
• On board zero suppression is foreseen (But not
  for June 2006 )
• Software Windows DAQ

Pixel Stream
IPHC Imager Board
USB 2.0 Link
JTAG Slow Control
Windows PC

• One PC can control up to 6 boards
• Event rate with 6 Planes of Mimo3M (64 KPixels )
  30 40 Hz ( 10 MHz - CDS )
• DAQ application Stand Alone mode or Slave in
  JRA1 Global DAQ
• JTAG Slow Control is also provided to configure
  Mimo3M ( PC // Port )

16
Simulations
Software Tools
Symmetric geometry

• Full simulation Mokka (based on Geant 4) and
  MySQL database
• Simulated 50000 events
• Assumed telescope plane intrinsic resolution 3
  um (hit positions are smeared)

Asymmetric geometry
17
Simulation Results

• Comparison of different geometries (after cuts on
  track c2 and track slope)

• Asymmetric geometry gives worse results due to
  multiple scattering
• For lower energies 6 plane geometry resolution is
  increased due to multiple scattering
• The goal of better than 3mm is achievable!
• This can be improved by shifting one reference
  plane closer to the DUT.

• Standard setup all telescope planes have 3 mm
  intrinsic resolution
• High resolution setup
• 2 telescope planes closer to DUT have 1.5 mm
  resolution all other planes 3mm

• Further improvement can be reached by inserting
  High resolution planes
• At higher energy testbeams 6 planes are the best
  configuration

18
Senor Boxes are Under Development
19
DESY Testbeam

• Bremsstrahlungs/conversion beam with Ee up to 6
  GeV
• Can select beam momentum is chosen by magnet
  current
• Rates depending on energy, target material,
  collimator setting and operation

Rates Target Target
Energy 3mm Cu 1mm Cu
1 GeV 330 Hz 220Hz
2 GeV 500 Hz 330 Hz
3 GeV 1000 Hz 660 Hz
5 GeV 500 Hz 330 Hz
6 GeV 250 Hz 160 Hz
20
DAQ Card Strasbourg Board

• DAQ Card developed by IRES
• IMAGER 12-bit digitizer-controller card
  (IMAGER12B_USB2) is a 4-channel 12-bit digitizer
  controller card.
• It is developed in order to be able to test
  Monolithic Active CMOS Pixel Sensors (MAPS)
• The system consists of a Device Test Board which
  is used as a support to test the MAPSs.
• connected to an Auxiliary Board that adapts the
  particular signal configuration of the Device
  Test Board to the IMAGER12B_USB2 board.
• For the software based control and data
  collection, the IMAGER12B_USB2 board is equipped
  with Universal Serial Bus (USB) 2.0 interface
  allowing to use a standard personal computer (PC)
  equipped with the high-speed USB 2.0 connection.
• IMAGER12B_USB2 to control and to collect
  measurement data from MAPS by using Field
  Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) that allows the
  IMAGER12B_ USB2 to be adapted to different type
  of measurement configurations.

21
Preliminary Integration Test has been done

• Master / Slave board architecture
• Master provide CLK and SYNC to all Mimo3M
• Clock go back to DAQ
• Distributed to all boards ( slaves master )
• Synchronous start of all boards
• From PC parallel port
• Synchronous stop of all boards
• From telescope trigger
• Star distribution of all signals near boards
• Simulation of 6 Mimo3M RO

• Trigger and Hit Pattern Generator
• Boards synchronization OK
• Trigger handling OK

22
Possible IPHC Software Integration in JRA1 Global
DAQ

• How to do it ?
• A Master / Slave architecture
• IPHC DAQ Engine Application is a slave
• EUDET JRA1 Run Control is a Master
• Interface with two protocol
• RRCP ( Remote Run Control Protocol )
• RMP ( Remote Monitoring Protocol )
• Advantages
• IPHC ( Exist for Si-Strip Telescope ) and
  JRA1-EUDET Data Monitoring and Data Storage
  strategies can be used
• The DAQ Engine can be Tested in our Si-Strip
  Telescope before integration in EUDET MAPS
  Telescope

Monitoring Data Storage EUDET or IPHC
MAPS DAQ Engine - Slave OR Standalone
JRA1-EUDET Run Control
Bonn Code
23
Mimostar 2 Results
24
DUT Positioner
f

• System selected out of 10 different offers
  (highest precision while affordable)
• Stages were delivered end of September and are
  being setup in the laboratory
• Numbers!!! Precision etc.
• Ready for installation in test beam area 24/2
  spring 2007

y
x