Observations Programme Area

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JCOMMObservations Programme Area
Report to the DBCP Angra dos Reis, 20 October
2003 Observations Programme Area Coordination
Group (OCG) Mike Johnson, Chair
photo courtesy of MeteoFrance
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Outline

• JCOMM Observations Programme Area (OPA)
• International Momentum - Global Coverage
• Challenges for the OPA
• Challenges for the DBCP

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JCOMM Structure

• Observations Programme Area
• Services Programme Area
• Data Management Programme Area
• Capacity Building Programme Area

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Observations Coordination Group

• Chair person Mike Johnson
• SOT chairperson Graeme Ball
• DBCP chairperson Graeme Brough
• GLOSS chairperson Christian LeProvost
• Argo Science Team chairperson Dean Roemmich
• TIP chairperson Michael McPhaden
• Satellite expert Hiroshi Kawamura
• Additional experts Paul Moersdorf Zhouwen
  Yu
• JCOMMOPS Etienne Charpentier

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Observations Coordination GroupTerms of Reference

• Advise on the effectiveness, coordination, and
  operation of the observations programme
• performance against requirements
• delivery of data
• standards, logistics and resources
• Advice on possible solutions for newly-identified
  requirements
• Review in situ data requirements taking in
  account satellite capabilities
• Coordinate development of standardized practices
  and instrumentation
• Establish expert teams, task teams, pilot
  projects
• Examine trade-offs against requirements and
  resources

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International Momentum

• GCOS Second Adequacy Report to the UNFCCC The
  ocean networks lack global coverage without
  urgent action to address these findings, the
  Parties will lack the information necessary to
  effectively plan for and manage their response to
  climate change.
• Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological
  Advice (SBSTA) --opportunity to build momentum
  among governments
• Earth Observation Summit
• GCOS Implementation Plan

Identified for Climate -- improved Marine
Services will be an immediate byproduct.
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Capabilities Required

• Global coverage by moored and drifting buoy
  arrays, profiling floats, tide gauge stations,
  and repeated ship lines.
• Continuous satellite missions for sea surface
  temperature, sea surface height, surface vector
  wind, and ocean color
• Data and assimilation subsystems
• System management and product delivery

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A System of Complementary Networks. Initial
Design. It will Evolve. Now 40 complete.
Sea Surface Temperature, Sea Surface Height,
Surface Vector Wind, and Ocean Color from Space
Tide Gauge Network 45 complete 3x3 Argo
Profiling Float Array 25 complete 5x5
Surface Drifting Buoy Array 35 complete
Moored Buoy Existing Planned Ocean Reference
Station Existing Planned High Resolution XBT
and Flux Line Existing Planned Frequently
Repeated XBT Line Existing Planned Carbon
Inventory Deep Ocean Line Global Survey _at_ 10
years
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Multi-year Phased Implementation Plan
(representative milestones)
2001
2002
2000
2003
2004
2006
2005
2007
2008
2009
2010
Operational GPS/DORIS Stations
86
86
86
86
86
75
55
Tide Gauges
45
45
40
40
1250
1250
1250
1250
1250
807
671
779
810
1250
1050
Number of buoys
Surface Drifting Buoys
119
105
119
87
83
94
90
Number of moorings
79
79
77
77
Tropical Moored Buoys
High resolution and frequently repeated lines
occupied
41
41
41
41
36
Ships of Opportunity
30
29
26
26
24
23
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
544
200
310
2000
Argo Floats
Number of floats
1000
29
29
29
24
10
10
Reference Stations
Number of flux moorings
1
2
6
7
16
105
105
105
Moorings with climate sensors
60
Coastal Moorings
0
0
0
0
0
0
20
Number of flux sites/lines, One inventory per 10
years
62
62
62
48
14
14
14
14
38
Ocean Carbon Network
20
17
830
830
830
730
640
Dedicated Ship Time
Days at sea (NOAA contribution)
555
525
525
370
370
340
7
7
Product evaluation and feedback loops implemented
7
7
7
3
System Evaluation
0
1
1
2
4
Initial Ocean Observing System Milestones
including international contributions
100
99
94
88
77
30
34
40
44
Total System
System Complete
53
48
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2006
2005
2007
2008
2009
2010
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Observations Programme AreaChallenges

• SOT
• Integration of SOOP, VOS, ASAP
• Integration of emerging CO2 program
• Implement 200 VOSClim ships
• Increase XBTs from 22,000 to 32,000
• GLOSS
• Improve station reporting -- only 168 of 290
  stations report regularly
• Implement GPS at altimeter cal and long term
  trends subsets -- 86 stations
• Argo
• 25 of 3000 in place
• Maintain funding long enough to complete array
  and demonstrate value common to all

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Challenges (continued)

• DBCP
• Increase from 800 to 1250 drifters
• Extend the Tropical Moored Buoy Network across
  the Indian Ocean
• Future integration of emerging Ocean
  Observatories
• Observations Program Area
• System monitoring and performance reporting
• Funding to meet implementation targets

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Need Integrated Performance Metrics and Mapping

• Standard base map
• Showing required against what is in place
• Gaps in coverage
• Subsets by country
• Single access point through JCOMMOPS

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Integrated Performance Metrics and Mapping

• Standard base map
• Showing required against what is in place
• Gaps in coverage
• Subsets by country
• Single access point through JCOMMOPS

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Observing System Status 2003, Q2. Sea Surface
Temperature Performance Measure Reduce the
error in global measurement of sea surface
temperature. Metric Estimated maximum monthly
mean error in 5? regions (degrees Celsius).
?C 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0

Goal 0.3?C
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
2010 Year
Goal All boxes blue
Drifting Buoys Moored Buoys Ships Total
Goal 100 Global Coverage
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• Challenge
• Deployment plan for maintaining
• continuous sampling in all
• 5-degree boxes.

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Challenge Future Integration of Emerging Ocean
Observatories Network
Sites identified by Intl Time Series Science Team
Sites identified by Intl Time Series Science Team
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Thank You