Common Guidelines for Watershed Development Projects

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Common Guidelines for Watershed Development
Projects
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Rainfed Agriculture

• About 60 of net-sown area of India 82 of the
  world is rainfed.
• Rainfed area support 40 of population, 66
  livestock and contribute 40 to the food
  production.
• About 87 area of pulses and minor millets, 77
  oil seeds, 66 cotton 50 cereals are rain
  dependent.
• 100 of forest and grazing lands, 80 of apples,
  mangoes and temperate fruits are un-irrigated.
• Seed spices, herbals, guar gum and other special
  attribute crops are unique for the rainfed area.

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Rainfed Agriculture Watershed Management

• Rainfed agriculture is complex, diverse, under
  invested, risky, vulnerable and distress prone.
• Due to climatic changes, frequency of extreme
  weather events like droughts has increased during
  past 15 years.
• Watershed management is the best option for
  integrated management of resources to alleviate
  poverty, hunger and distress.
• Common Guidelines for convergence, coordination
  and harmonization of development projects were
  necessary.

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Commonalities among the past guidelines.



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What is New Innovative ?

• The new guidelines have been built on the past 14
  years of experience of all the stakeholder
  Ministries.
• Internalises the new policies, economic reforms,
  programmes, schemes and paradigms.
• Role of the Panchayati Raj Institutions and NGOs
  has been addressed adequately.
• Foreclosure of the projects introduced.
• Emphasizes, convergence, integration of natural
  resource management, productivity, livelihood and
  income. Farming system, micro-enterprising,
  unique activities for landless, assestless, small
  and marginal farmers.
• Allocation of funds to states, districts and
  selection of projects made objective.

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Key Features

• Delegating powers to the States for sanctioning
  and implementation of projects.
• Dedicated institutions of multi-disciplinary
  professionals at national, state and district
  level.
• Strengthening of institutions at national, state
  and district level to ensure professionalism.
• Project duration has been made flexible into 3
  distinct phases to expand the scope.
• Livelihoods have been focused through integrated
  farming systems.

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• Clustering of small watershed in the range of
  1000-5000 ha areas to optimize transaction cost.
• Scientific planning and capacity building for
  innovative new paradigms.
• Multi tier Ridge to valley implementation with
  inter departmental coordination and net working
  emphasized. In many cases Forest Department has
  to play major role.

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Guiding Principles

• Equity and gender inclusiveness.
• Centrality of community and stakeholders
  participation.
• Transparency through operating of joint accounts.
• Facilitating agencies for social mobilisation,
  community organisation proposed.
• Role of VO has been defined.
• Capacity building for new technological inputs.
• Monitoring, evaluation and learning.

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• Organization of development is process based

National Level
NRM, Income employment generation
State Level
Local Level
District Level
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Institutional Arrangements at National Level

• Role of NRAA has been defined.
• Institutional arrangements at the Ministerial
  level and their roles are illustrated.
• Responsibilities for approving projects
  transferred to the States.
• Matters related with policies, perspective
  planning, allocation of budget, monitoring
  evaluation strengthened.
• Direct remittance of funds to dedicated accounts.
• A National Data Centre and portal provided.

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Institutional Arrangements at State Level

• A dedicated mechanism of State Level Nodal Agency
  (SLNA) is proposed wherever necessary.
• SLNA will be chaired by the Development
  Commissioner/Addl. Chief Secretary/Agricultural
  Production Commissioner/Principal Secretary of
  the concerned Department or equivalent rank.
• SLNA will be represented by all concerned
  Departments of the State, one representative from
  the Central Nodal Ministry, NRAA, VO and
  professional experts.

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Major Functions of SLNA

• The main function of the SLNA will be to prepare
  perspective and strategic plans.
• Approve PIA, projects and evaluators etc.
• Sanction projects according to perspective and
  strategic plans.
• Provide support to District Watershed Development
  Unit (DWDU).

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Institutional Arrangements at District level

• If the project area is more than 25,000 ha, a
  dedicated District Watershed Development Unit
  (DWDU) will be set up.
• If the area is less than 25,000 ha the existing
  arrangements will be followed.
• DWDU will coordinate with District Planning
  Committee for convergence.
• DWDU will have multi-disciplinary professionals.

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• Major Functions of DWDU
• Identify potential PIA recommend to SLNA.
• Prepare strategic plans for watershed development
  projects.
• Provide professional/ technical support to PIA
  and many other functions.
• Facilitate coordination with relevant programmes/
  schemes and many other functions.

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Institutional Arrangements at Project Level

• The project implementing agency will be selected
  on the basis of definite criteria.
• The implementing agency will constitute a multi-
  disciplinary professional Watershed Development
  Team (WDT).
• Watershed Committee with elected/ nominated
  Chairman by Gramsabha.
• Self-Help Group amongst poor, landless, small and
  marginal farmers.
• User group around activities.
• A joint account will be operated by Secretary of
  Watershed Committee and WDT nominee as a measure
  of transparency.
• The project will be implemented in 3 distinct
  phases.

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Role of Panchayati Raj Institutions

• The District Planning Committee will provide
  governance support to the programme.
• The District Panchayat/ Zila Parishad and
  Intermediary Panchayats will have important role
  in matters relating to co-ordination, review of
  progress, settling disputes and fore-closing of
  the projects.
• The gram sabha will enable democratic process.
• The gram sabha will supervise Watershed
  Committee, authenticate accounts/ expenditure,
  facilitate convergence, maintain assets register
  and allocate usufructs.

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Allocation of Funds

• Nodal Ministry/Department Will allocate budgetary
  outlay for projects among the States based on
  past performance, States perspective Plan,
  percentage of rainfed area wastelands/
  degraded lands.
• SLNA will distribute funds to districts based on
  perspective Plan, and percentage of rainfed area
  wasteland/degraded lands/Panchayat lands.
• States will sanction their Projects within the
  state allocation.
• Nodal Ministry will release funds for on going
  and newly sanctioned project to the states.

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Other Key Components

• Watershed Development or corpus Fund through
  contributions.
• Farming systems for efficient use of inputs and
  natural resources.
• Capacity building.
• Revision of financial norms is under
  consideration.

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Comparison of Hariyali, 2003 and Common
Guidelines, 2008
Cntd
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Part - II Convergence
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•  
• CONVERGENCE
•  2 2 6?
• This is possible by realising synergies,
  complementarities through the process of
  planning, harmonization and rationalization.
• This is necessary due to paradigm shift in the
  progressive policies, programmes and investment
  portfolio like NREGA, RKVY, BRGF etc.
• New common guidelines of the Watershed
  Development projects and NREGA guidelines
  specifically provide convergence.
•  

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• Decentralization of functions to SLNA in the new
  guidelines of watershed management projects and
  RKVY have been institutionalised.
• Setting up of the constitutional bodies like DPC
  enables the convergence process.
•  
• There could be some difficulties with a few
  clauses of various guidelines of the schemes to
  be converged and they could be looked into

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Objective

• To establish convergence and synergy among
  ongoing governmental programmes for sustainable
  livelihood of rural population
• To ensure proper linkage in the process, planning
  and implementation of various governmental
  programmes
• To maximise economic, ecological and social
  benefits from existing investment and
  infrastructure created under various
  programmes/schemes

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Convergence of Resources
NRM related
Social capital related

• IWMP
• . NWDPRA
• . Micro Irrigation
• . AGWR, AIBP
• . CAMPA
• Hort. Bamboo
• Mission

• NREGA
• (40 material)
• SGSY
• (Self employment)
• Vth VIth
• schedule

Optimizing Crops Horticulture Live-Stock Farming
Systems
Inputs , Credit, Insurance Derivatives Consumpt
ion loan

• Rural electrification
• (Single Phase RGGV)
• Non-Conventional energy
• Rural Roads
• (Bharat Nirman)
• Marketing

BRGF

• Planning at the grass-root
• Convergence opportunities matrix

Infrastructure related
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Convergence at planning level

• Institution (planning unit)
• Process
• Activities

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Convergence of Activities

• Kachha to Pucca (Value addition into NREGA
  activities) i.e. PMGSY, BRGF, Horticulture
  Mission, National Food Security Mission, RKVY
• Infrastructure to Income (Sustainable income to
  Rural families) i.e SGSY, Fisheries development
  of fresh water aquaculture, Dairy Development
  -Central minikit testing programme on fodder crop
  
• Human Development ie adult literacy programme at
  the worksites (National Literacy Mission), health
  awareness by ASHA at worksites (National Rural
  Health Mission)

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Technical Convergence (Activities (X)
which can be converged)
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Technical Convergence (Activities (X)
which can be converged)
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Management Grid
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Thank You