SPANISH EDUCATIVE SYSTEM

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SPANISH EDUCATIVE SYSTEM

• IN SERVICE TEACHER TRAINING CENTER IN TOMELLOSO.
  SPAIN

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HISTORICAL OVERVIEW

• THE PUBLIC INSTRUCTION ACT IN 1857, CALLED MOYANO
  ACT, IS THE FIRST COMPREHENSIVE REGULATION THAT
  CONSOLIDATES THE SPANISH EDUCATION SYSTEM
• - Church intervention in education.
  Consolidation of private schools (basically
  Catholic)
• - Legal promotion of students
• - Definitive inclusion of technical and
  scientific studies in secondary and post
  secondary education.

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HISTORICAL OVERVIEW

• IN 1931 THE SECOND REPUBLIC WAS PROCLAIMED AN A
  NEW CONSTITUTION WAS PREPARED
• - Education, as a right for everybody, to
  improve quality of life.
• - Cost free and compulsory Primary Education.
• - Academic freedom and lay education
• - Teaching in the mother language (in regions
  with another language)
• - Improving of teachers initial training.

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HISTORICAL OVERVIEW

• The political dictatorship under General Franco
  (imposed after the 1936 Civil War), marked a
  breaking point with the previous system and
  turned education into a mean of imposing
  ideology
• Education had to be Catholic and patriotic.
• Many of the teachers working in the Republican
  Period were condemned and pursued

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HISTORICAL OVERVIEW

• In the 60s, economic and demographic growth, the
  process of industrialisation, as well as the
  internal tensions of the political system made a
  total reform of the education system. GENERAL ACT
  ON EDUCATION. 1970 (LGE)

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HISTORICAL OVERVIEW

• GENERAL ACT ON EDUCATION MOST RELEVANT
  CHARACTERISTICS
• Full generalisation of compulsory education for
  the whole population aged 6 to 14, in a single a
  non-discriminatory system.
• Not only mean the extension of education but also
  a search for quality in education for everybody.
• This Act recognises the State role in the general
  planning of the system and the provision of
  school places.
• Significant presence of private teaching
  establishments at non-university levels
• Interest in the relationships between the
  education system and the working market.

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HISTORICAL OVERVIEW

• IN 1978 THE NEW DEMOCRATIC CONSTITUTION ALSO HAD
  AN IMPORTANT INFLUENCE ON THE EDUCATION SYSTEM.
• BASICALLY, IT RECOGNISES EDUCATION AS A MAIN
  RIGHT FOR EVERYBODY WITH NO KIND OF
  DISCRIMINATION

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HISTORICAL OVERVIEW

• THE REFORM OF THE SPANISH EDUCATION SYSTEM SET UP
  BY THE 1970 GENERAL ACT ON EDUCATION BEGINS
  WITH
• THE 1983 UNIVERSITY REFORM ACT (LRU).
• THE 1985 ORGANIC ACT ON THE RIGHT TO EDUCATION
  (LODE)
• Recognises the right to education
• Recognises and stablishes the right to
  participate in school government by teachers,
  students, families and others.

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HISTORICAL OVERVIEW

• 1990 ORGANIC ACT ON THE GENERAL ORGANISATION OF
  THE EDUCATION SYSTEM (LOGSE)
• - Regulates and structures the whole of the
  system.
• - Compulsary education up to 16 years old.
• - Recognises the learning / teaching processes
  as the same process.
• - Introduces a new role for teachers
• - Gives importance to curricular documents in
  an autonomous context.

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VOCATIONAL EDUCATION
1970 GENERAL ACT ON EDUCATION (LGE)

1990 ORGANIC ACT ON THE GENERAL
ORGANISATION OF THE EDUCATION SYSTEM (LOGSE)
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HISTORICAL REVIEW

• ORGANIC ACT FOR QUALITY IN EDUCATION. December
  2002. (LOCE)
• Modifies some aspects regarding the 1990 General
  Act

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HISTORICAL REVIEW

• ROYAL DECREE.28TH OF MAY 2004.
• - TO STOP AND MODIFY THE APLICATION OF THE 2002
  ORGANIC ACT

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OUTLINE OF THE MAIN ACTS IN THE SPANISH EDUCATIVE
SYSTEM AND THEIR RELATIONSHIPS
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1970
GENERAL ACT ON EDUCATION
SPANISH DEMOCRATIC CONSTITUTION
1978
MODIFICATION
ORGANIC ACT ON THE RIGHT TO EDUCATION
REPEAL
1985
ORGANIC ACT ON THE GENERAL ORGANISATION OF THE
EDUCATION SYSTEM
1990
1995
ORGANICA ACT ON PARTICIPATION, EVALUATION AND
ADMINISTRATION
ADAPTATION
2002
ORGANIC ACT ON THE QUALITY OF EDUCATION
STOP AND MODIFY

ROYAL DECREE, 28TH MAY 2004
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GENERAL PLAN

• ENFANT EDUCATION (0-6 YEARS OLD)
• PRIMARY EDUCATION (6-12 YEARS OLD)
• SECONDARY EDUCATION (12-18 YEARS OLD)
• UNIVERSITY EDUCATION
• UPPER VOCATIONAL TRAINING

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ENFANT EDUCATION

• 0-3 YEARS OLD. ATTENDED BY LOCAL AUTHORITIES OR
  PRIVATE CENTERS. IT HAS AN EDUCATIONAL AND
  ASSISTANCE NATURE.

3-6 YEARS OLD. IT IS THE FIRST STAGE IN THE
EDUCATION SYSTEM. ITS NOT COMPULSORY BUT
100 OF CHILDREN ARE IN SCHOOL
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PRIMARY EDUCATION

• 6-12 YEARS OLD.
• THE FIRST COMPULSORY STAGE IN THE SYSTEM.
• DIVIDED INTO 3 PERIODS OF TWO YEARS EACH.

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SECONDARY EDUCATION

• COMPULSORY SECONDARY EDUCATION.

UPPER SECONDARY
INTERMEDIATE VOCATIONAL TRAINING
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COMPULSORY SECONDARY EDUCATION

• 12-16 YEARS OLD.
• FOUR SCHOOL YEARS DIVIDED INTO TWO PERIODS.
• PUPILS THAT GET ALL THE STANDARDS SET GET A
  CERTIFICATE.
• PUPILS WHO DO NOT REACH THESE OBJECTIVES CAN HAVE
  ANOTHER CHANCE WITH SOCIAL GUARANTEE PROGRAMMES
  (BASIC VOCATIONAL TRAINING)

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UPPER SECONDARY EDUCATION

• 16-18 YEARS OLD.
• TWO-YEAR COURSE
• THREE MODALITIES ARTS, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
  AND HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES.
• STUDENTS GET A BACHILLER DIPLOMA
• THIS ENABLES THEM TO CONTINUE THEIR STUDIES,
  EITHER AT THE UNIVERSITY (AFTER PASSING A GENERAL
  EXAM) OR IN ADVANCED VOCATIONAL TRAINING.

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INTERMEDIATE VOCATIONAL TRAINING

• STUDENTS WHO HAVE PASSED COMPULSORY SECONDARY
  EDUCATION AND WANT TO WORK IN A SPECIFIC
  PROFESSION
• TWO-YEAR COURSES.

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UPPER VOCATIONAL TRAINING

• STUDENTS WHO HAVE PASSED UPPER SECONDARY
  EDUCATION.
• WHEN THEY FINISH, THEY CAN ALSO GO TO THE
  UNIVERSITY IN FIELDS RELATED TO THEIR STUDIES.
• STUDENTS WITH THIS DIPLOMA HAVE GOT A LOT OF
  CHANCES IN THE WORKING MARKET

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UNIVERSITY EDUCATION

• STUDENTS NEED TO PASS A GENERAL EXAM
• THREE LEVELS
• 3 YEARS DEGREE
• 4/5 YEARS DEGREE
• POST-DEGREE / DOCTORATE

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DISTRIBUTION OF POWERS IN THE EDUCATIONAL
ADMINISTRATION

• Since the Spanish Constitution was promulgated in
  1978, the Spanish education system has undergone
  a process of transformation, with the central
  authorities gradually transferring functions,
  services and resources to the various regional
  authorities (the autonomous communities). All
  regions have now taken over the functions,
  services and resources of university and
  non-university education.

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organigrama
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• Under this decentralised model, administration of
  the Spanish education system is divided between
  the state, the regional authorities, local
  authorities and the teaching centres themselves.
• The state reserves exclusive powers to safeguard
  the standardisation and substantial unity of the
  education system and to guarantee the basic
  equality of all Spaniards in the exercise of
  their fundamental educational rights.

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EXPENDITURE ON EDUCATION (1)

• PUBLIC EXPENDITURE (2) 32,987.3
• FAMILY EXPENDITURE (3) 8,334.7
• TOTAL EXPENDITURE (4) 40,719.6
• OF GDP (5) 5.5
• MILLION OF EUROS
• REFERS TO ALL PUBLIC AUTHORITIES, INCLUDING
  UNIVERSITIES
• ESTIMATED
• TOTAL CONSOLIDATES EXPENDITURE
• GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT

SOURCE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, CULTURE AND SPORT.
LIQUIDATED BUDGETS FOR 2003