MANY LITTLE ACTIONS CAN HAVE BIG IMPACTS ON ENERGY BILLS AND CARBON FOOTPRINT

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MANY LITTLE ACTIONS CAN HAVE BIG IMPACTS ON
ENERGY BILLS AND CARBON FOOTPRINT

• Energy Water Supply Costs
• Greenhouse Gas Impacts
• Saving Opportunities through reduced consumption

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TRACKING ENERGY WATER USE COSTS FROM BILLS

• Data on invoices (elec, NG, lpg, water)
• Setting up ongoing tracking reporting
• Use of billing/ smart meter data/ portable meters

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Specific Energy Performance

• Energy use per unit of activity
• Allowing for seasonal adjustments

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EQUIVALENT ENERGY PRICES
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END USE COSTS
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ENERGY SAVING OPPORTUNITIES

• Heating Systems
• Air Conditioning
• Hot Water Systems
• Lighting Systems
• Cooking Catering
• Pools Spas
• Other Appliances

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COMFORT HEATING

• Systems types/ selection
• Temperature set points
• Required hours (time schedules)
• Zoning options

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AIR CONDITIONING

• Split Type air conditioners
• Evaporative Cooling Systems
• Temperature Set Points
• Time Scheduling/ temperature resets
• Zoning Options
• Outside air/ free cooling

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• SOME HEATING /COOLING HINTS
• For optimal energy savings, set thermostats at
  25C for cooling in the summer and 20C for heating
  in the winter. Most systems will be cooled below
  this during summer and above in winter.
• Every 1C increase in temperature set point will
  increase energy use by about 15 during winter.
  Every 1C decrease in temperature set point will
  increase energy use by about 10during summer.

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Operate the system only when needed.

• Rule of Thumb Air Conditioning is normally left
  on for at least 8 hours to 24 hours per day in
  Commercial situations. In most installations the
  time the system operates can be reduced by at
  least 10.

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CONTROL SYSTEMS

• Do not to locate control thermostats in direct
  sunlight. Locations near artificial heat sources
  should also be avoided, such as copy machines,
  computers, refrigerator compressor coils.

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AIR CON. MAINTENANCE

• Clean condenser coils on Direct Expansion units.
• Inspect all Fan belts for tightness and wear.
• Adjusting fan belt pulleys and motor alignment
  can typically reduce the motors power
  consumption from 5 to 15 in some installations.
• Change return air filters regularly.
• Minimise air conditioning to unoccupied areas.
• Clean air conditioning internal duct-work.

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HEATING/ COOLING

• Minimise the requirement for mechanical cooling
  and/or heating. Consider what parts of a building
  really need to be air conditioned or heated and
  whether small, decentralised systems be used.
• Minimise the amount of make-up and exhaust air.
• Minimise the amount of air delivered to a
  conditioned space.
• Maintain and tune all HVAC equipment.
• Use passive solar design techniques to heat and
  cool air-conditioned space.

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LARGE AREA SPACE HEATERS

• Use of radiant heaters to spot heat work areas
  in large open areas (halls, etc).
• Rule of Thumb Typically radiant heaters use
  less than 50 of the energy used by a convection
  system. Heat is delivered only to the object that
  needs to be heated.

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HOT WATER SYSTEMS

• Storage gas units
• Continuous flow gas units
• Electric storage units
• Electric heat pump systems
• Solar/ gas/ electric units

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HOT WATER TIPS

• Reduce hot water usage by looking for leaks in
  pipes, fittings, pumps and gauges and at headers
  throughout the installation. Taps and other
  fittings are also important locations to inspect
  for fluid loss.
• Reduce hot water storage temperature.
• Install time clocks on water heaters.
• Installation of instantaneous heaters can save
  between 30-50 of the energy input.

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LIGHTING SYSTEMS

• Lighting types
• Control systems
• Use of natural lighting systems
• People factors

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LIGHTING CONTROL HINTS

• Paint walls and floors with light colours will
  lift the apparent brightness and give a lighter,
  brighter feel.
• Install photoelectric daylight cells to switch
  lighting off when daylight penetration exceeds a
  predetermined level.
• Push-button or time-delay switches will provide a
  preset period of light (from 10 seconds to 30
  hours) after they are switched on.
• Use electronic voltage reduction systems on older
  fluorescent circuits
• Lighting controllers give centralised, remote and
  local control of electrical loads by switching
  lighting on and off.
• For areas/rooms seldom occupied, install
  occupancy sensors to switch lights on and off.

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LIGHTING TIPS

• Use High-bay luminaries to provide general
  background lighting where are above 4-5 metres.
• In general, task lights used need only be single
  tube fluorescent luminaries.
• Use electronic ballasts. These reduce energy use
  by between 4 W and 7 W per unit.
• Avoid the use of HIV Spot Lights.
• Rule of Thumb Fluorescent or compact
  fluorescent tubes consume less than one-third of
  the energy for a similar light output as Spot
  Lights.
• Maintain a regular cleaning program of lamps,
  reflectors and diffusers.

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LIGHTING HINTS

• Rule of Thumb Fluorescents use about 70 less
  electricity than incandescent lamps of similar
  output.
• Rule of Thumb Each 36W fluorescent tube removed
  will save about 8-9 a year, based on usage of
  approximately 40 hours a week.
• Rule of Thumb The most efficient tubes have a
  'triphosphor' coating and will produce about
  15-25 more light for the same electrical energy
  as a standard tube.
• If existing lights are switched on for more than
  8 hours per day use compact fluorescent lamps.
• Switch off lighting in areas when not in use.
• Rule of Thumb Starting of a fluorescent lamp
  requires 3 times its running power but this is
  only for 0.3 of a second, hence, the additional
  energy consumed in starting is the same as if the
  lamp were running for only 1.2 seconds longer.
• Provide only as much light as is necessary for
  the task.

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COOKING CATERING

• Use of Combi Steamers
• Staff practices

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APPLIANCES

• Appliance efficiency purchase
• Stand-by mode operation
• Equipment utilisation

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SWIMMING POOLS

• Solar heating
• Gas heating
• Electric heat pump heating
• Solar blanket
• Temperature set points
• Pool filter pump operation
• Indoor pool ventilation

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BUILDING ENVELOPES

• Orientation
• Shading
• Insulation (roof space, walls, under floor)
• Glazing
• Sealing
• Sustainability Victoria Design Manuals at their
  website

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YMCA Reviews

• Energy Water Monitoring Program
• Awareness Promotion
• Procedures for selection and operation
• Lighting Control
• Temperature Control
• Hot Water Management

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THANKYOU

• Resources
• Sustainability Victoria
• AGO
• DOE (USA) website
• Also feel free to contact me on email
• kjets _at_alphalink.com.au