Pakistans Efforts Against Corruption

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Pakistans Efforts Against Corruption

• National Anti-Corruption Strategy
• Presentation by
• Mohammed Mohsin Khan
• Deputy Auditor-General of Pakistan
• ICGFM Conference-2004, Miami

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Defining Corruption

• Misuse of entrusted power for private benefit

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Why so much focus on anti-corruption framework?
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TI-Survey on Causes of Corruption-Mega Petty

• Lack of Accountability (31.68)
• Low salaries (16.54)
• Monopoly of power (16.43)
• Discretionary powers (12.61)
• Lack of transparency (9.97)
• Power of influential people (4.59)
• Red Tapism (4.28)
• Others 4.9)
• Source NACS-NAB, Government of Pakistan

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Institutional Framework for AC

• Federal Investigation Agency
• Provincial Anti-corruption Establishments
• National Accountability Bureau
• Accountability Courts

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Anti-corruption regulatory framework

• Pakistan Penal Code-1860
• Prevention of Corruption Act-1947
• Government Servants Conduct Rules
• The NAB Ordinance- 1999

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Vision-NAB

• Eradication of Corruption from Pakistan

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• The Approach

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Why top down?

• No immunity and no one above law

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• The Record

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OVERVIEW OF PROSECUTION PROGRESSCATEGORY WISE
(SourceNAB)
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• The Impact

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• Reduction of corruption from the highest levels
• Establishment of credibility
• Sustainability assured
• General respect and fear of accountability

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National Anti-corruption Strategy

• 18th November 2003

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First attempt to develop an anti-corruption
preventive model
Through
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• The National Anti-corruption Strategy

By adopting a three pronged approach Of -
Prevention - Awareness - Enforcement
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• The Project

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Consultations Study of successful models Study
of international best practices
Research
Feb. 2002 to Sept 2002
Recommendations for all sectors
National Integrity System
Implementation Action Plan
Time bound Specific responsibility
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Sustainable Development
Rule of Law
Quality of Life
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Implementation mechanism of National
Anti-corruption Strategy
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Stakeholders are responsible for implementation
of recommendations in their respective areas
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Implementation Committee
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Vision

• A stable Pakistan that is prosperous and has
  self sustaining integrity mechanisms by which
  corruption is eliminated

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Objectives
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Immediate

• Build political will and ownership of NACS by
  key stakeholders within key integrity pillars

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Short Term

• Widen ownership of NACS within key national
  integrity pillars, both horizontally and
  vertically

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Medium Term

• Enable key institutions within the national
  integrity pillars to implement NACS on their own
  initiative

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Long Term

• Enable self-sustaining ownership of
  anti-corruption measures, removing need for
  specific NACS

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General Contours of Implementation
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Contours of Implementation

• Awareness/Education
• Support to other governance initiatives
• Strengthening Enforcement
• Assisting stakeholders in initiating preventive
  efforts
• Pilot projects
• Monitoring of NACS impact

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Some decisions and steps

• Project for Improving Financial Reporting
  Auditing-transparency accountability
• Strengthening Internal Controls CFO IA
• Establishment of Vigilance Units
• Computerization of Asset declarations and their
  monitoring
• Access to information proposed changes in Rules
  of Business 1973

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Some other Areas in the pipeline

• Repeal of Benami practices
• Remuneration within the ambit of a general
  civil services reform
• Transparent procurement systems

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The Awareness campaign
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Objectives of Awareness Campaign

• Mobilize public support in the fight against
  corruption through
• Creating awareness of ill effects of corruption
  including impact on poverty alleviation and other
  development programs
• Educating the people in how to be effective
  partners against corruption
• Promote positive values to change the ethos and
  create abhorrence of corruption

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Target Groups

• Initial target audience are the urban middle
  class because
• They have the maximum potential as change agents
• Easier to access
• More individualistic than rural populace

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Target Groups

• Later the campaign would concentrate on the rural
  areas.
• The tools and methodology would be different

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Other Target Groups

• Students are a constant target group
• Civil Servants
• legislators

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Tools to be used

• Mass media
• Direct Interaction
• Changes in curriculum
• Co-curricular activities for students
• Workshops with ministries/training academies
• Miscellaneous

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• Thank You