CALIFORNIA CHAPTER 15: PART 2

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CALIFORNIA(CHAPTER 15 PART 2)
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INTRODUCTION

• California is by some measures the country's most
  urbanized state.
• At the same time, it is the most agricultural
  state in terms of total farm income.
• Today's California's agricultural base,
  identifies two key problem areas, and highlights
  the tremendous competition for land use in
  certain areas.

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AGRICULTURE(General)

• California's agriculture is broadly based
• Variety of climatic regions
• Large internal market
• Specialty crops are dominant throughout the
  state.
• Total market value of agricultural crops (1998)
• 16.6 billion dollars
• The country's most agricultural state in terms of
  total farm income.

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AGRICULTURE(Products)

• Accounts for virtually all of the U.S. production
  of
• almonds, artichokes, dates, figs, kiwifruit,
  olives, pistachios, and prunes
• Produces more than half of the country's
• alfalfa seed, avocados, lettuce, broccoli,
  Brussels sprouts, naval oranges, lemons, grapes,
  peaches, plums, apricots, cantaloupes,
  nectarines, strawberries, celery, and tomatoes
• The leading producer of
• asparagus, tangerines, spinach, pears, lima
  beans, onions, potted plants, and honey
• Ranks third in the sale of
• cotton, sheep, dairy products fourth in rice
  fifth in beef cattle

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AGRICULTURE(Specialty Crops)

• Are grown on a large scale in only a few parts of
  the country
• Require long growing seasons
• Experience no local competition in the demand
  areas (especially during winter)

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AGRICULTURE(Specialization)

• The national trend is towards increased
  specialization.
• Too difficult/expensive to handle more than a few
  basic products and remain competitive.
• Enhanced within California because of the
  diversity in climate and physiography
• Temperature
• Precipitation
• Soil type/composition

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AGRICULTURE(Problem Areas)

• Land-use competition
• Agricultural activities
• Urban development
• Recreational activities
• Multiple-use concepts are applied in some cases
• More often, one activity may render the area
  incapable of supporting another.

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AGRICULTURE(Problem Areas)

• Water Supply
• Agriculture is a much greater consumer of water
  than manufacturing or municipal use.
• 70 of the precipitation falls in the North, BUT
  80 of the state's water is used in the South.
• California has more irrigated land than any other
  state (8.5 million acres) Texas ranks second
  with only half that amount.
• California accounts for more than 25 of all
  irrigated water usage in the U.S.
• Map (pg 349) - state's major water movement
  systems.

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AGRICULTURE(Problem Areas)

• Water Supply (CONTINUED)
• Much of the Imperial Valley and Coachella Valley
  face the problem of gradual salt build-up in the
  soil. Increasing amounts of water are needed to
  flush out the salt, resulting in a serious water
  quality problem down river in Mexico.
• Northern Californians are not happy about the
  southward transfer of their water supply.
• The economic and environmental costs of water
  transfer projects are quite high!

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URBAN CALIFORNIA
POPULATION DENSITY
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URBAN CALIFORNIA

• Southern Metropolis
• L.A. is a polynucleated urban area
• No CBD, major public rail transport lines, inner
  city warehouses, nor large-scale inner-city
  apartment complexes
• Population density of Los Angeles is 6,100/mi2,
  compared to Philadelphia, which has 14,200/mi2.
• Distance is often measured by minutes instead of
  miles.
• Santa Barbara-San Diego (about 185 miles) urban
  landscape is occupied by more than 15 million
  people.
• Smog is a major environmental problem
• Large population concentrationgtgtheavy reliance on
  automobiles
• Effects are intensified during temperature
  inversions.

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SAN DIEGO
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URBAN CALIFORNIA

• Bay Area Metropolis-SAN FRANCISCO
• Largest city on the West Coast 1850-1920
• Grew based on...
• Great harbor
• Gold rush of 1848
• Location at the terminus of first
  transcontinental railroad
• The Bay Area has about 6.6 million people, with
  about 1/9 living in San Francisco.
• Configuration of the population around the harbor
  has posed significant circulation problems.
• BART - an innovative attempt, based on
  computerized systems, to ease the area's
  circulation problems.

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SAN FRANCISCO
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URBAN CALIFORNIA

• Cities of the Valley
• Sacramento
• (1.5 million)
• The state capital
• Largest of the Central Valley cities
• A major agricultural processing city.
• Fresno (861,800)
• Bakersfield (622,700)
• Stockton (533,400)

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CALIFORNIA(CHAPTER 15 PART 2)