Chapter 20 Meninges and blood vessels of the brain and spinal cord, and the cerebrospinal fluid

1
Nervous system
Chapter 20 Meninges and blood vessels of the
brain and spinal cord, and the cerebrospinal fluid

• The menings of brain and spinal cord
• The blood vessels of brain and spinal
• cord
• The cerebrospinal fluid and its
• circulation
• Blood brain barrieer

2
The meninges of brain and spinal cord
the meninges of spinal cord
spinal dura mater epidural
space subdural space
spinal arachnoid mater
subarachnoid space terminal cistern
spinal pia mater denticulate
ligament
3
cerebullar meninges
From outside to inside cerebral dura mater
cerebral arachnoid mater
cerebral pia mater
4
cerebral dura mater
cerebral falx tentorium of cerebellum cerebellar
falx diaphragma sellae
5
Dural sinuses superior sagittal sinus
inferior sagittal sinus straight sinus
transverse sinus sigmoid sinus
6
?
cavernous sinus superior petrosal sinus
inferior petrosal sinus
visual tract
?
hypophysis
?
cavernous sinus
?

• The structures which go through the interior wall
  of cavernous sinus
• internal carotid artery ?
• abducent nerve ?

?
?
?

• The structures which go through the lateral wall
  of cavernous sinus
• from upper to down
• oculomotor nerve ?
• trochlear nerve ?
• trigeminal ophthalmic nerve branch(V1) ?
• superior maxillary nerve branch(V2) ?

7
the afflux of blood in sinuses of dura mater
superior sagittal sinus
inferior sagittal straight confluens
transverse sigmoid
internal sinus sinus
sinus sinus sinus
jugular vein
cavernous superior petrosal
sinus sinus
inferior petrosal sinus
8
cerebral arachnoid mater
subarachnoid space subarachnoidal cistern
interpeduncular cistern cerebellomedullary
cistern superior cistern of
quadrigeminal bodies chiasmatic cistern
cisterna pontis arachnoid granulations
cerebral pia mater
The cerebral pia mater and its blood vessels as
well as ependymal epithelium of this region
constitute chorioid tela commonly. The choroid
plexus is the main structure of producing
cerebrospinal fluid.
9
The blood vessels of brain and spinal cord
cerebullar blood vessels
cerebullar artery internal carotid artery
anterior cerebral artery and anterior
communicating artery
middle cerebral artery anterior
choroidal artery posterior
communicating artery
10
vertebral artery basilar artery The
principal branches of vertebral artery are
anterior spinal artery, posterior spinal artery
posterior inferior cerebellar artery the
principal branches of basilar artery
anterior inferior cerebellar artery
auditory artery(Internal auditory artery)
pontine arteries superior cerebellar
artery posterior cerebral artery
arterial circle of Willis(Willis circle)
11
(No Transcript)
12
cerebullar vein
Dont go with artery, and infuse to sinuses of
dura mater via many pathways, finally return via
internal jugular vein.
Superficial group
superior cerebral vein (above lateral
sulcus) inferior cerebral vein (below lateral
sulcus) Middle cerebral vein superficial middle
cerebral veins deep middle cerebral
vein
13
Deep group internal cerebral veins great cerebral
vein(Galen vein)
14
myelonic blood vessel
myelonic artery
posterior spinal artery anterior spinal
artery vasocorona
15
myelonic vein
is more and thicker than artery. The
anterior vein and posterior vein are confluenced
by the veinlet of spinal cord,and influxed
internal vertebral vein plexus of epidural space
by vena radix anterior and posterior radical
vein.
16
cerebrospinal fluid and its circulatin
The cerebrospinal fluid is produced by
choroid plexus of every cerebral ventricle, which
is colorless and transparent fluid and filled
with ventricular system?central canal of spinal
cord and subarachnoid space.
The cerebrospinal fluid play a role of
buffering shock, protection, transporting
metabolic product and regulating intracranial
pressure.
17
The route of cerebrospinal fluid circulation
choroid plexus of lateral ventricle produce
cerebrospinal fluid
interventricular foramen
third ventricle of cerebrum(choroid plexus
produce cerebrospinal fluid)
aqueduct of midbrain
fourth ventricle of cerebrum(choroid plexus
produce cerebrospinal fluid)
lateral aperture?median aperture
subarachnoid space
arachnoid granulations
superior sagittal sinus
18
blood-brain barrier
blood-brain barrier structural basement
capillary endothelium basal lamina of blood
capillary gelatinous
membrane blood-CSF barrier structural
basement Zona occludens exist on the
interspaceal top of choroid plexus epithelial
cell.
19
the structural basement of cerebrospinal
fluid-blood-brain barrier
the structural basement ependymal
epithelium?cerebral pia mate and gelatinous
membrane below meninx vasculosa
The blood-brain barrier can protect the brain
and spinal cord from the influence of physical
and chemical factor in or out of environment,
thus to maintain relative steady state.