Title: ????????: ??????????? From General Education to Liberal Arts Education: American Liberal Arts Education and the Chengchi College
1???????????????????From General Education to
Liberal Arts Education American Liberal Arts
Education and the Chengchi College
- ??
- ?????????????/????????
- ?????????
- ????????? (Occidental College) ????? October 27,
2011
2- I. Introduction to American Liberal
Arts Education - ???????????
- II. Four Models of Liberal Arts
Education in American Higher - Education System
- ?????????????????
- III. Liberal Arts Colleges in China,
Hong Kong, Macao and - Singapore
- ?????????????????????
- IV. The Development of Taiwans Liberal
Arts Colleges - ???????????
- V. The Present Excellence vs. Equity
- ?? ???? vs. ????
- VI. Into the Future Thematization of
Liberal Arts Education - ???? ?? (??) ?????????????
- VII. Residential College of International
Development (RCID) - ??????
3- Liberal arts/residential education is not a
departure from professional education but is
absolutely essential to it. - ???/????????????
- ?????????
4Introduction to American Liberal Arts
Education???????????
5The Beginning Liberal Arts Colleges as the
Origin of American Higher Education
????????????????
6- Classical education focusing on whole education
(????), including broad academic knowledge,
cultural cultivation, self-identification and
realization (?????????) , and even
moral/personality (??/????) training curriculum. - The term liberal refers to the nature of
education for a freeman (???) as opposed to a
slave who is intellectually blind (?????),
while arts refers to the medieval, European
disciplines of grammar, rhetoric, logic,
geometry, arithmetic, music, and astronomy
(?????????????????????). - In the 17th Century America, liberal arts
included the study of theology, arts and
humanities (?????????) only, as in the case of
Harvard College. - In the modern time, in addition to theology, arts
and humanities, mathematics, sciences, and social
sciences (??????????) have been added to the
liberal arts curriculum. Why?
7Two Historical Events that Challenged Liberal
Arts Education in America
- Reconstruction Era after the Civil War (1861-65)
from 1865 to 1877 - ??????????
- Great Depression from 1929 to the late 1930s (or
early 1940s) ????? - Now with the on-going recession and the rise of
China?
8The Evolution Becoming Liberal Arts Colleges and
Comprehensive Universities???????? vs. ?????
9Essence of Liberal Arts Education???????
- The very essence of liberal arts education goes
much beyond a simple set of courses which can be
mechanically offered rather, it embraces a set
of orientations, values, beliefs, and norms that
require human touches by the faculty, such as,
ideally, near unselfish devotion and commitment
to liberal arts education. - ??????????????????????? ??????????????????
??????????
10Liberal Arts Education Blows Like A Wind
11An Open Secret????????
- Liberal Arts Education as the best undergraduate
education in the U.S., ranging from liberal arts
colleges within the Ivy League schools (e.g.,
Harvard College and Columbia College) to small,
independent liberal arts colleges (e.g., Williams
College and Wellesley College) across the country.
12Liberal Arts Education vs. General
Education?????? vs. ????
- The two are similar in that both are opposed to
professional (??), vocational (??), technical
(??) and practical (??) education, but they are
not the same in that general education is part of
or a more visible framework (?) of liberal arts
education (?). - While general education is a knowledge-based
process of broad exposure to various general
disciplines (????) which, understandably, can be
somewhat measured both qualitatively and
quantitatively, liberal arts education, on the
other hand, is a personality-oriented process of
self-identification and self-realization
(???????????) that can hardly be measured in
any way. - Therefore, a good liberal arts college must have
a solid general education (????), but a school
even with a general education is not necessarily
a provider of liberal arts education (????).
13 Liberal Arts College Education vs.
Comprehensive University Education???????????vs.
????????????
- Education in liberal arts colleges (including
Harvard College) is to produce generalists (????)
(as exemplified in the original meanings of the
degrees of BA, MA, Ph.D., etc) with a whole
education provided by individualized
instructions in a residential, intimate,
small-class learning environment (usually 2,000
students or less), where extensive interactions
between faculty and students and among students
themselves foster a community of serious
learning. - ???????(?)????????????????????????????????
- (Elite education ???? Learn to be a
well-informed ??, enlightened ??, and audacious
?? modern citizen ????.) -
- Education in (especially public) comprehensive
universities is to produce specialists (????)
with professional (??), vocational (??),
technical (??) and practical (??) trainings in a
much larger learning environment. - (Mass education ???? Learn to be a working
professional ????.)
14Liberals Arts Colleges and Other Types of
Colleges and Universities
Natl Private University (R ???????) Harvard Univ. (Stanford Univ.) Regl Private University (TV ???????) Loyola Marymont Univ. (Santa Clara Univ.)
Natl Liberal Arts College (T ???????) Williams College (Occidental College) (Where did J. McCain, H. Clinton and B. Obama go to college?) Regl Liberal Arts College (T ???????) Whittier College
Natl Public University (R ???????) UC Berkeley (Michigan State Univ.) Regl Public University (V ???????) CSU, Long Beach (CSU, Los Angeles)
15Natl Private University Harvard University (MA)
16Regional Private UniversityLoyola Marymount
University (CA)
17National Liberal Arts College Williams College
(MA)
18Regional Liberal Arts CollegeWhittier College
(CA)
19National Public UniversityUC Berkeley (CA)
20Regional Public UniversityCSU Long Beach (CA)
21Performances of Liberal Arts College Graduates
- Although liberal arts college graduates are
very small in number when compared to those of
larger public universities, they are
disproportionately represented among leaders in
many spheres of American society. According to a
1998 study (http//www.collegenews.org/topliberala
rtscolleges.xml), even though only 3 percent of
American college and university graduates
received education at a liberal arts college,
alumni of these small colleges accounted for - 8 percent of the nations wealthiest CEOs in 1998
- 19 percent of U.S. presidents, including
Presidents Nixon and Reagan. - 23 percent of Pulitzer Prize winners in drama, 19
percent of the winners in history, 18 percent in
poetry, 8 percent in biography, and 6 percent in
fiction from 1960 to 1998 - 9 percent of all Fulbright scholarship awardees
- 24 percent of all Mellon fellowships recipients
in the humanities - 20 percent of Phi Beta Kappa, the oldest and most
prestigious honor society in the United States,
inductions between 1995 and 1997
22- The same study of 1998 also suggests that liberal
- arts college graduates are disproportionately
- represented in the American scientific
community. - These colleges have produced nearly twice as
- many students who earn a Ph.D. in science as
- other institutions. Nearly 20 percent of the
- scientists elected to the National Academy of
- Sciences in a recent two-year period were
alumni - of a liberal arts college.
23II. Four Models of Liberal Arts Education in
American Higher Education System?????????????????
- Williams Model A classic liberal arts college
(Williams College) on its own. - ????? ?????????/?? (????)
- Harvard Model A liberal arts college (Harvard
College) within an university (Harvard
University) that includes ALL undergraduates. - ???? ???????????? (??????? ????)
- MSU Model An elite college (James Madison
College) within an university (Michigan State
University) that includes a SMALL PORTION of the
undergraduates. - ??????? ????????????
- UCSD Model Six residential colleges within an
university (University of California, San Diego)
that include ALL undergraduates. - ???????????? ???????????? (???????
????) - (Probably, the best model for Taiwans
universities to develop liberal arts
education---????.)
24III. Liberal Arts Colleges in China, Hong Kong,
Macao and Singapore???????????????????
- ??????????
- ???????????
- ??????????
- ???????????
- ??????????
- ????????????
-
- ?????????????
- ???????????
- ????-????????? Yale-NUS (National University of
Singapore) College (with 1,000 students and 100
faculty members) in 2013 - ????-???????? Harvard-NCCU College???
25IV. The Development of Taiwans Liberal Arts
Colleges?????????
- ??????????(2008)
- ??????????(2008)
- ??????????(2008)
- ??????????(2009)
- ??????????(2009)
- ??????????(2010)
-
26V. The Present Excellence vs. Equity?? ????
vs. ?????? vs. ??? ????? ?????
- ??????????(2009-2010)
- ???? 130 (8 of 1,600 ??) X 2 ?
- ?????????
- ?? TWD 7,000,000
- ?? (????)
- ?????????? (2009-2010)
- ???? 1,400 (60 of 2,300 ??)
- ?????????
- ?? TWD 15,000,000
- ?? (????)
27VI. Into the Future Thematization of Residential
Education???? ??(??)?????????????
- ?????????
- ???????
- ???????
- ???????/??/??
- ???????
28Examples of Thematic Residential Colleges ??????
- ????
- ??? ??? 10gtgtgt18gtgtgt40?
- ???? (200813013080340?) ????
- ???? (2010 120?) ?????
- ???? (?) ????
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29- ????
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- ?????? (2008) 60gtgtgt100
- ?????? (2011) 120?
- X ?? (2011) 50?
- ???? (2011) 100?
- ??????? ?????????
- ??????? ??????????????
30VII. Residential College of International
Development?????? (RCID)
31???????????
- 100????????
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- ????82(??)38 (??)
- ????86(?)34(?)
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