HUMAN GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

1
HUMAN GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
2
(No Transcript)
3

• Life Stages
• Infancy---birth to 1 year
• Early Childhood1 to 6 years
• Late Childhood 6 to 12 years
• Adolescence12 to 20 years
• Early Adulthood20 to 40 years
• Middle Adulthood40 to 65 years
• Late Adulthood65 years up

4
Four main types of growth and development

• Physicalbody growth, height/weight change,
  muscle/nerve dev., changes in body organs
• Mentaldev of mind, includes learning how to
  solve problems, make judgments, and deal with
  situations
• Emotionalrefers to feelingsincludes dealing
  with love, hate, joy, fear, excitement
• Socialrefers to interactions and relationships
  with others

5
Erik Eriksons Eight Stages of Psychosocial
Development
6
Infancy

• 6 to 8 pounds-----21 to 24 pounds
• 18 to 22 inches---29 to 30 inches
• Reflex actionsstartle-- Moro, rooting, suckling,
  grasp
• 4 to 5 months roll side to back
• 6 to 7 months sit up
• 12 months walk without assistance
• 12 months--10 to 12 teeth

7

• Respond to discomfortspain, cold, hungry
• 6 months understand some words
• 12 months use single words
• Newborns show excitement
• 4 to 6 monthsshow distress, delight, disgust,
  anger and fear.
• Events that occur in the first year of life,
  when these emotions are first exhibited, can have
  a strong influence on an individuals emotional
  behavior during childhood

8

• Newborns are self-centered
• 4 months recognize caregivers
• 6 months watch others, become shy, show
  possessiveness
• 12 months socialize freely with familiar people

9
Early Childhood

• Age 1 to 6
• Legs and lower body grow more rapidly than do the
  head, arms and chest
• Muscle coordination allows them to run and climb
  and move freely
• Age 2 to 3 digestive system can handle adult food
• Age 2 to 4 years potty training

10

• Age 1a few words age 6--2,500 words
• 4 yearsfrequent questions
• Decisions based on logic,
• not trial and error
• Important to establish limits for safety
• Impatience/frustration with abilities
• Temper tantrums
• Like routine
• Beginning to gain control over emotions
• 6 yearsmore social

11
Late Childhood
Ages 6 to 12 Preadolescence
12

• Physical development is slow but steady
• Most primary teeth are lost and permanent ones
  come in
• Sexual maturation may begin around age 10 to 12

13

• Mental development increases rapidly due to
  influence of school.
• Begin to understand abstract concepts such as
  loyalty, honesty, values
• More adept at making judgments
• Move from fear of the uncertainty of new
  experiences to the ability to cope
• Sexual maturation may lead to mood swings
• May become restless, anxious, and difficult to
  understand

14

• Move from desire to do things on their own to the
  desire to be in groups
• Peer pressure is evident
• Less dependency on parents

15
Adolescence
16

• Age 12 to 20
• Most traumatic life stage
• Height and weight change
• Muscle coordination lags may be clumsy
• Puberty sets in with secondary sex
  characteristics appearing
• Increase in knowledge and ability to make
  decisions and take responsibility for ones own
  actions
• Time of conflictnot a child not an adult

17
Concerned with appearance, feel insecure,
inadequate Work toward gaining control over
feelings and becoming more mature emotionally.
18
Problems arising from social pressures
19
Chemical abuse
20
Early adulthood
21
Middle adulthood

• Age 40 to 65

22
(No Transcript)
23
Late Adulthood

• 65 and up

24
Death and Dying
25
Denial
26
Anger
27
Bargaining
28
Depression
29
Acceptance
30
(No Transcript)