THE NEUROTOXIC EFFECT OF HIGH ALUMINUM LEVELS IN DRINKING WATER IN KIRAZLI AREA CANAKKALE, TURKEY

1
THE NEUROTOXIC EFFECT OF HIGH ALUMINUM LEVELS IN
DRINKING WATER IN KIRAZLI AREA (CANAKKALE,
TURKEY)
Alper Baba1, Coskun Bakar2, Handan Isin Özisik
Karaman3 Fatma Sengünalp4
1Izmir Institute of Technology, Engineering
Faculty, Izmir, Turkey Emailalperbaba_at_iyte.edu.t
r 2Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of
Medicine, Dept.of Public Health Çanakkale,
Turkey 3Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University,
Faculty of Medicine, Dept.of Neurology,
Çanakkale, Turkey 4Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart
University, Engineering Faculty, Dept.of Geology,
Çanakkale, Turkey
2
Aim

• The concentration of Al in water is ranged from
  13 to15 ppm in Kirazli Region (normal value 0.2
  ppm).
• The aim of this study was to investigate the
  neurotoxin effects on human health of this high
  Al level.

3
Methods

• Geological Maping (determine alteration zone)
• Water resources,
• Physical properties,
• Chemical properties (major anion and cation)
• Heavy metals and isotopes

4
Methods for medical geology

• Questionnaire form and Application
• Containing questions on descriptive
  characteristics and the Mini Mental State
  Examination (MMSE)
• The face-to-face interview technique
• A neurological examination was performed by the
• Neurology specialist
• 10 ml venous blood sample
• The serum Al, vitamin B12, folic acid and Thyroid
  Stimulating Hormone (TSH) parameters
• SPSS 11.0 statistical software was used for
• evaluation data

5
(No Transcript)
6
Study area
7
Geological map of study area
Paleozoic metamorphic crystalline schist and
Permian limestone constitute the basement rocks
of the area. These are inconformably overlain by
Triassic ophiolite and Neogene rocks which
consist of clastic limestone, shale, marn,
sandstone and conglomerate. Miocene volcanic
consists of tuff, agglomerate and pyroclastics.
The Quaternary alluvium is the youngest unit and
covers a large extension in study area.
8
Geological map of study area
Kirazli Region
Troia Region
Rocks from Paleozoic to Quaternary ages are
combined in varying lithologic and structural
settings. These characteristics combine with the
regional neotectonic features.
9
Cross Section of Kirazli Region
10
Geochemistry
11
Physical properties of water resources
KIRAZLI REGION
ÇIPLAK AND HALILELI REGION
12
water type
Na-SO4
Ca-HCO3
13
Heavy metals
14
Medical Geology

• RESULTS

15
Effect of Aluminum on health
(Skalsky and Carchman, 1983 Epstein, 1990)
16
Colomn Percentage p Chi-Square Test Row
Percentage
Demographic properties of participants
17
The serum Al, vitamin B12, folic acid and TSH
Level
Colomn Percentage p Chi-Square Test
Row Percentage
18
Mini Mental State Examination score
Colomn Percentage p Chi-Square Test Row
Percentage
19
Neuropathy in the history and examination
Colomn Percentage p Chi-Square Test Row
Percentage
20
Results

• Water resources from Canakkale and its surrounds
  has different physical and chemical properties
• Low pH (pHlt5) values can be seen in densely
  altered volcanic units
• High concentration (13 -15 ppm) of Aluminum has
  been seen in water resources which can exists in
  alteration zone.
• The concentrations of Al in water resources can
  be compared with the limits (0.2 ppm) established
  by the USA Environmental Protection Agency
  (US.EPA), World Health Organization (WHO),
  Turkish Standard (TS 266) and Republic of Turkey
  Ministry of Health (RG25730).
• Such comparison shows that, the concentrations of
  the Al in cold water springs are exceed the limit
  of the US.EPA, WHO and the standards established
  in Turkey.

21
Results

• Serum Al levels has not different in these two
  region
• Folik Acid levels is very low in Kirazli Region
• Mini Mental State Examination score has not
  different in these two region
• Nöropati in physical examination has not
  different in these region but Neuropathy in the
  history is quite different.
• Neuropathy in the history is quit low in Kirazli
  Region

22
Results and conclusions

• These data has not enough to compare to Al level
  and Neuropathy but this base line study is so
  important for this region.
• It should be monitoring people who drink this
  region water resources in the long period

23
Thank you very much for your attention