Focus Questions

1
Focus Questions

• How do listening and hearing differ?
• How does effective listening differ when
  listening for information and listening to
  support others?
• How can we improve our listening skills?
• What are effective ways to express support for
  others?
• How can you control obstacles to effective
  listening?

2
??????????

• Flash ?

• ???

0248
3
Listening and Responding

• People tend to more focus on talking
• Studies show Average person spends 45-53 of
  waking time on listening to others
• Total listening time may even greater (if radio,
  backgroundincluded)
• Listening as No. 1 quality of effective manager
  (survey)

4
Hearing Listening

• Hearing is a physiological activity
• Sound wave ear drum
• Other messages received at the same time (sight)
• Listening

5
The Listening Process

• Being mindful
• Focus on what is happening in the moment
• An ethical commitment Leaders must want to
  listen!
• Enhance communication
• Increasing understanding of what others feel
  think
• Promoting more complete communication by others
• Physically receiving communication
• Women are more attuned to what is going on around
• Men tend to direct hearing in a specific way
• Women likely to notice contexts, details, themes
  in interaction
• Average 300 words/min understood 100 in
  speaking

6
The Listening Process (2)

• Selecting and organizing communication
• Perception Attention
• Study Teachers unintentionally give more
  attention to male than female students
• As we listen categorize people?assess them
  ?apply stereotype?choose a script
• Perceptions can be wrong. Be ready to revise
  them!
• Interpreting communication
• Recognizing others viewpoint doesn t mean you
  agree with them it does mean you make an earnest
  effort to grasp what they think and feel.

7
The Listening Process (3)

• Responding
• Signs of being involved in interaction
• Remembering
• Recall of literal messages vs. Recall of
  interpretation of them
• Memory fading
• Remember less than Half / immediately after
• Recall 35 / after 8 hours

8
Obstacles to Effective Listening

• Situational obstacles
• Message overload
• Message complexity (next slide sentence
  structure)
• Environmental distractions
• Internal Obstacles
• Preoccupation
• Prejudgment
• Lack of effort
• Not recognizing diverse listening styles
• e.g., Nepalese give little vocal feedback

9
Example of Heavy Sentencefrom University of
Chicago, Writing Program
The dog, overcome with a sense of futility at the
unfairness of life, and miserable at the
inattention of her master, who had become so
addicted to TV reality shows that he had not left
his recliner in over three days, nevertheless
chased the ball.
The dog chased the ball, even though she was both
overcome with a sense of futility at the
unfairness of life and miserable at the
inattention of her master, who had become so
addicted to TV reality shows that he had not left
his recliner in over three days.
10
???????????
0708
11
Forms of Ineffective Listening

• Pseudo-listening
• Monopolizing
• Conversational rerouting
• Interrupting
• Selective listening
• Defensive listening
• Ambushing
• Politics Gathering ammunition to use in
  attacking a speaker
• Literal listening
• Content level vs. Relationship level of meaning

12
Guidelines for Effective Listening

• Informational critical listening
• Be mindful
• Control obstacles
• Ask questions
• Use aids to recall
• Repeating (e.g., peoples names)
• Mnemonics
• Organize information

13
Guidelines for Effective Listening

• Relationship listening
• Be mindful
• Total listening more than words, also silence
  meaning buried
• Suspend judgment
• Strive to understand the others perspective
• Minimal encouragers Really? Go on!
• Paraphrasing It sounds as if.. You seem to..
• Asking questions
• Express support
• See Father-Son conversation on page 170
• (?????)

14
Discussion and Key Terms