Paradigm Shift

1
Paradigm Shift

• Paradigm model used to understand the world
• Earlier paradigm shifts
• Geocentric to heliocentric
• Creationism to evolution

2
Androcentric scholarly model

• One-gender model centered on men andros
• The universal, normal, significant humans are
  males
• If females differ from males, they are seen as
  odd.
• Generic masculine language is used.
• Males are researchers and subjects of
  investigation females are objects

3
Androcentric model 2

• Study how men perceive the world
• Ask questions that seem normal to men
• Learn what men think about men and what men think
  about women
• No means to understand how women view the world
  or themselves

4
Androgynous scholarly model

• 2 gender model Andros-Male, Gyn-Female
• Both females and males are normal and
  significant, whether or not they differ
• Both genders are researchers and the subjects of
  investigation
• Cannot use generic masculine language

5
Gynocentric scholarly model

• To the extent that one can talk about a model
  that focuses primarily on women
• Assumes that womens actions have been most
  significant
• Focuses on womens accomplishments and downplays
  mens accomplishments
• Emphasizes the centrality of women

6
Gender

• Gender roles are differentiated in all societies
• Commonly, labor is divided by gender and certain
  attributes are thought to apply to a particular
  gender
• Gender hierarchy is widespread

7
Scholarly Models and Societies

• Androcentric
• Androgynous
• Gynocentric

• Male dominant
• Egalitarian/
• gender balanced
• Female dominant