Psychoanalythic theories Sigmund Freud 18561939 Erik H. Erikson 190294

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Psychoanalythic theoriesSigmund Freud
(1856-1939) Erik H. Erikson (1902-94)

• Personality instances structural approach

ID
Superego
Ego
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Psychoanalythic theories - ID

• Main source of psychic energy drive energi
  libido tension
• Pleasure principle
• Energy is discharged without delay
• Libido (Eros) and destructive (death) drives
• Primary process

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Psychoanalythic theories - Superego

• Composed of two parts Conscience and ego ideal
• Internalization of parents (and society) norms or
  rules
• People with a strong superego will be more
  moralrealistic than realistic
• The moral and ethic part

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Psychoanalythic theories - EGO

• Secondary process
• More rational, organized, integrated and logical
• Delay of energy discharge
• Reality principle
• Negotiate between id and superego

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Psychoanalythic theories repression

• Transfer treatening events from conscious to
  unconsious what ego can not handle
• Do not disappear
• Shows partly and disguised in dreams, slip of the
  tongue, fantasies, free association aso
• People who depends heavily on this may develop a
  repressed personality withdrawn, inaccessible,
  nonspontaneous and rigid
• Phobia?

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Psychoanalythic theories Other defense
mechanism

• Reaction formation mask anacceptable emotion by
  focusing on the opposite often in a exaggerated
  way
• Projection- attribution of anxiety- arousing to
  people in the external world
• Fixation
• Regression

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Psychoanalythic theoriesStages - Freud

• Oral stage (roughly 0 1 year) basic trust vs.
  mistrust
• Anal stage ( roughly 1- 3 years) autonomy vs
  shame/doubt Anal character is described as
  orderly, pedantic and obstinate
• Phallic stage ( roughly 3 5 years) Oedipus
  complex Identity - initiative versus guilt
• Period of latency ( 5 year to the beginning of
  puberty
• Genital stage ( Adolescence)

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Psychoanalythic theories methods

• Psychoanalysis
• Dream analysis
• Free association
• Hypnosis
• Transference
• In summary, Freuds methodology was to listen to
  troubled adults talk