Implementation of the recommendations of the Scientific Councils 97th and 98th sessions

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Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
International Intergovernmental Organization
The Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility
(NICA) Project at Joint Institute for Nuclear
Research (Dubna)
A.N. Sissakian, A.S. Sorin
International Workshop on hadron structure and
spectroscopy Torino, March 31 April 2, 2008
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The NICA Project and Research Program
I. The Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility
(NICA) historical view, motivation and
characteristics II. Physics of relativistic
heavy ion collision (MPD) III. Spin physics
(SPD) IV. Applied researches
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I. NICA historical view, motivation and
characteristics
JINR NUCLOTRON
Project parameters maximum energy 5 GeV/nucl.
for nuclei with ? 200.
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Proposal for an International Accelerator
Facility for Research with Heavy Ions and
Antiprotons, http//www.gsi.de/documents/DOC-2004-
Mar-196-2.pdf
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Round Table Discussions
Round Table Discussion I. Searching for the mixed
phase of strongly interacting matter at the JINR
Nuclotron July 7 - 9, 2005 http//theor.jinr.ru/m
eetings/2005/roundtable/
Round Table Discussion II Searching for the mixed
phase of strongly interacting matter at the JINR
Nuclotron Nuclotron facility development JINR,
Dubna, October 6-7, 2006 http//theor.jinr.ru/mee
tings/2006/roundtable/
Round Table Discussion III Searching for the
mixed phase of strongly interacting QCD matter
at the NICA/MPD JINR (Dubna), summer
2008 http//nica.jinr.ru

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T
Round Table Discussion
Dubna, July 7-9, 2005
http//theor.jinr.ru/meetings/2005/roundtable/
A.N.Sissakian A.S.Sorin M.K.Suleymanov V.D.Toneev
G.M.Zinovjev nucl-ex/0511018 nucl-ex/0601034 nucl
-th/0608032
Dubna band
NICA
NB
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RHIC, SPS, NICA, FAIR
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http//nica.jinr.ru
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The NICA complex allocation
SPD?
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NICA complex parameters
SPD
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Scheme of the NICA compex
Injector 2109 ions/pulse of 238U32 at energy
6 MeV/u
Booster (30 Tm) 2(3?) single-turn injections,
storage of 3.2109, acceleration up to 50
MeV/u, electron cooling, acceleration up to 400
MeV/u
Collider (45 Tm) Storage of 15 bunches ? 1?109
ions per ring at 3.5 GeV/u, electron and/or
stochastic cooling
Stripping (40) 238U32 ? 238U92
Nuclotron (45 Tm) injection of one bunch of
1.1109 ions, acceleration up to 3.5 GeV/u max.
Two superconducting collider rings
IP-2
IP-1
2?15 injection cycles
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2 x 1.5?1010 ions of 238U92
2 cycles of injection, electron cooling (?)
electron cooling
30 injection cycles of 1?109 ions 238U92 per
cycle
stripping to 238U92
238U32
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Colliding beams parameters


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The NICA Project Milestones
Stage 1 years 2007 2009 - Upgrate and
Development of the Nuclotron facility -
Preparation of Technical Design Report of the
NICA and MPD - Start prototyping of the MPD and
NICA elements Stage 2 years 2008 2012 -
Design and Construction of NICA and MPD Stage
3 years 2010 2013 - Assembling Stage 4
year 2014 - Commissioning
Round Table Discussion III, Dubna, Summer, 2008
http//nica.jinr.ru
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II. Physics of relativistic heavy ion collisions

• NICA/MPD physics program of heavy ion
  collisions
• 1. Heavy ion beams in wide energy range
• Possibility to perform atomic number and
  centrality scan
• 3. Two intersection points for detectors with
  large energy-independent acceptance

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4. High luminosity L1027 ??-2?-1
SPD
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High baryonic densities
energy in cms
energy in lab. frame
J.Randrup, J.Cleymans, 2006
Maximal baryonic densities on freeze-out curve!
? High densities on interaction stage!?
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NICA/MPD aims and physics problems

Study of in-medium properties of hadrons and
nuclear matter equation of state, including a
search for possible signs of deconfinement and/or
chiral symmetry restoration phase transitions and
QCD critical endpoint
Experimental observables First Stage Scanning
in beam energy and centrality of excitation
functions for ? Multiplicity and global
characteristics of identified hadrons including
multi-strange particles ? Fluctuations in
multiplicity and transverse momenta ?
Directed and elliptic flows for various
indentified hadrons ? HBT and particle
correlations Second stage ? Dileptons and
direct photons
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What to measure
? Multistrange hyperons. The yields, spectra and
collective flows of (multi) strange hyperons are
expected to provide information on the early and
dense phase of the collision. Therefore, these
particles are promising probes of the nuclear
matter equation-of-state at high baryon density.
? Event-by-event fluctuations. The hadron
yields and their momenta should be analyzed
event-wise in order to search for nonstatistical
fluctuations which are predicted to occur in the
vicinity of the critical endpoint and when
penetrating the coexistence phase of the first
order deconfinement phase transition. ? HBT
correlations. Measurement of short range
correlations between hadrons p, K, p, ? allows
one to estimate the space-time size of a system
formed in nucleus-nucleus interactions. Along
with the increase of fluctuations, the spatial
size of the system is expected to be getting
smaller near the deconfinement phase transition
due to softening of the equation of state (the
softest point effect). ? Penetrating probes.
Measurements of dilepton pairs permit to
investigate the in-medium spectral functions of
low-mass vector mesons which are expected to be
modified due to effects of chiral symmetry
restoration in dense and hot matter. Specific
properties of the s meson, the order parameter
of chiral symmetry restoration, may be in
principle detected near the phase boundary via
particular channel of s-decay into dileptons or
correlated ??-pairs.

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http//nica.jinr.ru
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MPD conceptual design
Inner Tracker (IT) - silicon strip detector /
micromegas for tracking close to the interaction
region. Barrel Tracker (BT) - TPC Straw (for
tagging) for tracking precise momentum
measurement in the region -1 lt h lt 1 End Cap
Tracker (ECT) - Straw (radial) for tracking
p-measurement at h gt 1 Time of Flight (TOF)
- RPC ( start/stop sys.) to measure Time of
Flight for charged particle identification. Elect
romagnetic Calorimeter (EMC) for p0
reconstruction electron/positron
identification. Beam-Beam Counters (BBC) to
define centrality ( interaction point). Zero
Degree Calorimeter (ZDC) for centrality
definition.
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MPD basic geometry

• Defined as a compromise between
• TOF requirement
• tracker resolution

preliminary

• magnetic field formation
• the cost

limited by collider optics
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MPD towards 4 p acceptance
to cover a wide pseudorapidity range
ECT
ECT
TPC
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Experimental programms

CP critical endpoint OD onset of deconfinement
HDM hadronic dense matter
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MPD Collaboration

• Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
• Institute for Nuclear Research Russian Academy
  of Science
• Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics,
  NASUk
• Nuclear Physics Institute of MSU, RF
• Institute of Apllied Physics, Academy of Science
  Moldova
• Open for extension

A consortium involving GSI, JINR other centers
for IT module development production is at the
organizational stage
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III. On the Spin Program at NICA
EMC, 1987
Spin Nucleon Structure
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On the Spin Program at NICA

• NICA provides unique possibilities for the spin
  program
• High energy proton and deuteron beams
• 2. High luminosity ( gt
  10 30 ??-2?-1)
• 3. Transversely and longitudinally polarized
  proton and deuteron beams with high polarization
  degree (gt 50 )
• 4. Spin rotation
• 5. Precise beam polarization measurements
• 6. 4 ? geometry detector

SPD
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On the Spin Program at NICA
First stage 1. Studies of Drell-Yan (DY)
processes with polarized p and D beams.
Extraction of unknown (poor known)
parton distribution functions (PDFs) -

Boer-Mulders PDF (NA10, E615,
E886) -
Sivers PDFs
(Efremov, PLB 612 (2005), PRD
73(2006))
transversity and Boer-Mulders
PFDs
(Sissakian, Shevchenko, Nagaytsev,PRD 72 (2005),
EPJ C46 (2006)) -

transversity -
longitudinally polarized sea
and strange PDFs
and tenzor deuteron
structure (Teryaev, ) 2.The same PDFs from J/y
production processes with the decay to ee- pairs
( ). Studies of all
possible quarkoniums with decay to ee- pairs in
collisions of polarized protons and
deutrons .
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On the Spin Program at NICA
Experiments on DY measurements

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On the Spin Program at NICA
Preliminary estimations of the Drell-Yan
processes feasibility (first stage) DY cross
sections (nb) in comparison with PAX (GSI,FAIR)
and possibility to increase the statistics (month
of data taking)
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On the Spin Program at NICA
Preliminary estimations of J/Y statistics in
comparison with Drell-Yan statistics
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On the Spin Program at NICA
Preliminary scheme ot the experimental set-up for
DY measurements (first stage)

• Important advantages of the detector
• 4 p geometry increase of DY statistics
• Minimal X0 effective detection of ee-
  pairs
• 3) Good angular resolution very important for
  azimuthal spin asymmetries measurements in
  the wide kinematical region

• Main parts of the detector (preliminarily)
• Silicon or MicroMega (inner tracking)
• - Drift chambers or straw (for tracking)
• - Cherenkov counter (for PID and trigger)
• - EM calorimeter
• - Trigger counters
• EndCap detectors
• Similarily to the PAX set-up (hep-ex/0505054)

Set-up for muon pairs detection is also under
consideration
The detector would be upgraded for the second
stage of measurements PID, tracking, calorimetry
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On the Spin Program at NICA
Second stage (upgraded experimental set-up)
1. Spin effects in baryon and meson
productions. - Single and double
asymmetries in 2. Studies of spin
effects in various exclusive reactions 3.
Diffractive processes studies 4. Cross
sections and double spin asymmetries in elastic
reactions (full set of helicity amplitudes,
Krisch effect, ). 5. Spectroscopy of
quarkoniums with any available decay modes.
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IV.Applied researches on NICA

• Booster-sinhrotron appliction to nanostructures
  creations

Design and parameters of booster, including wide
accessible energy range, possibility of the
electron cooling, allow to form dense and sharp
ion beams. System of slow extraction provides
slow, prolongated in time ion extraction to the
target with space scanning of ions on the target
surface and guaranty high controllability of
experimental conditions.
Ion-track technologies
Production of nanowires, filters,
nanotransistors, ...
Ion tracks in a polymer matrix (GSI, Darmstadt)
Topography and current of a diamond-like carbon
(DLC) film.The 50 nm thick DLC film was
irradiated with 1 GeV Uranium ions.
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Acknowledgements

• A.Efremov, V.Kekelidze, I.Meshkov,
• G. Musulmanbekov, A.Nagaytsev,
• ?.Rogachevsky, I.Savin,
• O.Shevchenko, V.Skokov,
• O.Teryaev, V.Toneev,
• NICA/MPD (SPD) working group

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Welcome to the collaboration!
Thank you for attention!