THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION

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THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION

• Chapter 22
• Section 1
• Pages 623-628

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ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS

• What defines a turning point?
• How does technological change affect people,
  places or things?
• Can 1 person influence world events?

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What is a REVOLUTION?
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1. Before the Scientific Revolution
a. Until the mid 1500s, European scholars
accepted and believed the teachings of Ptolemy,
an ancient Greek astronomer.
Ptolemy (87-140 A.D.)
b. Ptolemy taught that the Earth was the center
of the universe.
c. People felt this was common sense, and the
geocentric theory was supported by the Church.
d. It was not until some startling discoveries
caused Europeans to change the way they viewed
the physical world.
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2. THE MEDIEVAL (old) VIEW

• Geocentric Theory The earth is the center of the
  universe-developed by Aristotle and Ptolemy
  taught by clergy

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3. Why Question Authority Now?
A New Understanding Discoveries lead to doubt
Columbus Scholars challenge traditional
thought Copernicus, Galileo, Vesalius
Inventions Telescope, Microscope, Navy
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4.The Scientific Revolution

• 1. new way of thinking
• a. based on observation
• b. willingness to question accepted beliefs
• 2. Began in the mid 1500s
• 3. started with the Renaissance

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5. What else led to the Scientific Revolution?

• 1.Renaissance rebirth of learning and the arts
  inspired new ways of thinking
• THE QUESTIONING SPIRIT
• 2. New technology ie telescope, improved math,
  printing press
• 3. Exploration to Africa and Asia

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8. Early Ideas

• 1. HELIOCENTRIC THEORY
• a. Nicolaus Copernicus
• b. Sun is center of universe
• 2. SCIENTIFIC METHOD
• a. observation
• b. question
• c. hypothesis assumption
• d. experiment
• e. conclusion

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PEOPLE OF THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION
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6.Nicolaus Copernicus

• 1473-1543
• Heliocentric
• Sun is the center
• Afraid of the church
• Published book on
• deathbed
• Theory of Copernicus System

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7. Isaac Newton

• Developed the law of gravity
• Theory of Motion
• Universe operates like a clock
• All the parts work together
• perfectly in ways that can
• be expressed
• mathematically.

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• 8. Galileo (1564-1642)
• a. proved heliocentric theory
• b. law of pendulum
• c. telescope
• d. wrote Starry Messenger
• e. conflict with church

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The Scientific Method
According to a popular story, Newton saw an apple
fall from a tree, and wondered if the force that
pulled the apple to the Earth also controlled the
movement of the planets. Newton argued that
nature followed laws.
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• . Zacharias Janssen
• a. microscope
• . Anton van Leeuwenhoek
• a. first to see red blood cells
• Bacterica swimming in tooth scrapings
• . Evangelista Torricelli
• a. mercury barometer
• . Anders Celsius
• a. scale for thermometer

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• . Gabriel Fahrenheit
• a. scale for thermometer
• b. 32 freezing
• 7. Andreas Vesalius
• a. dissected corpses
• b. book on human body
• What do you think he was able to prove?
• 8. Edward Jenner
• a. vaccine for small pox
• 9. Robert Boyle
• a. volume, temperature and pressure
• b. chemistry

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9. Francis Bacon Renee DeCartes

• Developed the Scientific Method!
• Descartes
• I think. Therefore I am.
• Everything else is doubtful until proved by
  reason.

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Geocentric Theory
Heliocentric Theory
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10. A NEW WAY OF THINKING

• The Scientific Revolution a new way of thinking
  about the natural world that was based on careful
  observation and a willingness to challenge and
  question accepted beliefs.

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11. REGENTS PREP

• Francis Bacon, Galileo, and Isaac Newton promoted
  the idea that knowledge should be based on
• the experiences of past civilizations
• experimentation and observation
• emotions and feelings
• the teachings of the Catholic Church

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• Which statement best describes the effects of the
  works of Nicolaus Copernicus, Galileo Galilee,
  Sir Isaac Newton, and René Descartes?
• The acceptance of traditional authority was
  strengthened.
• The scientific method was used to solve problems.
  
• Funding to education was increased by the English
  government.
• Interest in Greek and Roman drama was renewed.

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