Healthy Urban Planning: in-road to local health development WHO Healthy Cities

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Healthy Urban Planning in-road to local health
developmentWHO Healthy Cities

• Geoff Green
• Elisabeth Bengtsson
• Agis Tsouros

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Challenges in Cities

• Growing health concerns in cities include
• Poverty and social exclusion
• Violence and Safety
• Pollution of air, water and land
• Substandard housing and unhealthy planning
• Poor employment conditions
• Stress and Sedentary lifestyles
• Poor quality food
• The unmet needs of vulnerable groups
• Lack of public involvement in decisions
• Growing inequalities

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How does Urban Planning affect health?
L o c a l H o s p i t a l ?
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How does Urban Planning affect health?
Physical factors (some examples) Links Associated health issues
Road severance Lack of facilities in neighbourhood (shops, places to go) Lack of local informal recreational opportunities (allotments, play parks) Unattractive, poorly designed pedestrian routes (road traffic dominated routes) Poor insulation, waste of solar insolation Lack of opportunity for food growing Lack of opportunity for informal interaction in the community Isolation Mental wellbeing
Road severance Lack of facilities in neighbourhood (shops, places to go) Lack of local informal recreational opportunities (allotments, play parks) Unattractive, poorly designed pedestrian routes (road traffic dominated routes) Poor insulation, waste of solar insolation Lack of opportunity for food growing Air-polluted local walking environments Fuel poverty Respiratory disease
Road severance Lack of facilities in neighbourhood (shops, places to go) Lack of local informal recreational opportunities (allotments, play parks) Unattractive, poorly designed pedestrian routes (road traffic dominated routes) Poor insulation, waste of solar insolation Lack of opportunity for food growing Lack of regular exercise Food deserts, poor diet Heart disease and Obesity issues
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Healthy Urban Planning in ManchesterA century
ago towing planning and public health were
working closely together but then they went their
separate ways
Traffic will be to 21st century public health
what sewage was to 19th century public health
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The health map
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How does Urban Planning affect health?
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www.sponpress.com
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Healthy Urban Planning

• Key Principles
• Equity
• Intersectoral cooperation
• Community involvement
• Sustainability
• International action

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Types of tools

• Conceptual development
• Political
• Strategic
• Technical

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Healthy Urban Planning The twelve key health
objectives
Do planning policies and proposals promote and encourage ? Do planning policies and proposals promote and encourage ? Do planning policies and proposals promote and encourage ? Do planning policies and proposals promote and encourage ?
1. Personal lifestyles 7. Safety
2. Social cohesion 8. Equity
3. Housing quality 9. Air and aesthetics
4. Access to work 10. Water
5. Accessibility 11 Land and minerals
6 Food 12. Climate stability
Barton Tsourou 2000
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4 elements of actionfor health and sustainable
development at city level
Political Commitment to the values and principles
of health and sustainable development equity
and solidarity Articulate a long term vision for
your city based on these qualities
Systematic action to tackle the social and
environmental determinants of health including
Integrating health considerations Into urban
planning and design
Institutional processes to support
partnership-based work and participative
governance
Local, national and international cooperation
and networking
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WHO Working with European cities Themes and
Tools

• Healthy Ageing
• Health Impact Assessment
• Healthy Urban Planning
• Physical Activity and Active Living
• City Health Profiles
• City Health Development Plans

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Healthy Urban Planning Priorities

• Transport and mobility
• Healthy Ageing
• Neighbourhoods
• Physical Activity
• Strategic and Master Plans
• Cross-cutting links Health Impact Assessment
• Tools-commitment-innovation
• awareness-capacity-applications-mainstreaming

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How to increase physical activity in an urban
environment

• Transport
• Cycling Cycle paths, Cycle parks
• Walking
• Pedestrian areas
• Walking buses
• Safety of walking
• Leisure time facilities
• Parks
• Open schools
• Public or subsidised sport facilities
• Safety of playgrounds
• Building design
• Stairs
• Urban design
• Positioning of services in walking distance
• Traffic restrictions on weekends

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Obesity an epidemic without treatment
Urban Design can make a huge difference in
supporting physical activity
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Handy PPT Bursa, Turkey
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Open space, Health and Urban planning

• Physical exercise recreation
• Social and cultural aspects community
  relationships
• Psychological effects
• Wildlife in cities
• Organic urban food production
• Air quality and noise
• Water management

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Neighbourhoods

• What does the neighbourhood mean?
• Community decision making
• Housing social inclusion and diversity
• Access to jobs, shopping, education and health
  facilities
• Planning for movement
• Public spaces and open space

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Walking and Cycling

• City wide level policies to promote walking and
  cycling as part of a wider transport strategy
• Neighbourhood level a mix of uses and maximum
  opportunity to walk or cycle
• Assessing a project a checklist addressing
  localised issues of movement and accessibility

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http//www.euro.who.int/healthy-cities/