Macromolecules

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Macromolecules

• The chemical basis of life.

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CHNOPS
- elements most commonly found in organic
molecules

• organic molecules contain carbon

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Most Common Organic Compounds

1. Proteins (found most often in muscle cells)
2. Carbohydrates (sugars and starches)
3. Lipids (fats, oils and waxes)
4. Nucleic Acids (DNA and RNA)

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Breaking Down Macromolecules
-Large compounds are broken down by hydrolysis -
Hydrolysis is the breaking down of larger
molecules by adding water to form smaller
molecules
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Making Macromolecules
Dehydration Synthesis
- the combining of smaller molecules by removing
water to make big molecules
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Proteins
Amino Acid Amino Acid -- Dehydration
Synthesis----? Proteins
Proteins -------Hydrolysis---? Amino Acid Amino
Acid
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Carbohydrates
Monosaccharide Monosaccharide -- Dehydration
Synthesis----? Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates -------Hydrolysis---?
Monosaccharide Monosaccharide
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Lipids
Glycerol Fatty Acid -- Dehydration
Synthesis----? Lipids
Lipids -------Hydrolysis---? Glycerol Fatty Acid
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Nucleic Acids
Nucleotide Nucleotide -- Dehydration
Synthesis----? Nucleic Acid
Nucleic Acids -------Hydrolysis---? Nucleotide
Nucleotide
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