Notes 3- Macromolecules

1
Notes 3- Macromolecules
2
Review of Terms
Molecule Two or more atoms joined by chemical bonds
Macromolecule Large polymer made of repeating monomer units
Four types of macromolecules are important in
living systems.
3
MACROMOLECULES OF LIFE

• Found in all living things
• Building blocks made up of the atoms carbon,
  oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, phosphorus, and
  sulfur
• There are 4 important types
• Carbohydrates ? C, H, O
• Lipids ? C, H, O
• Nucleic Acids ? C, H, O, N, P
• Proteins ? C, H, O, N, S

4
1. Carbohydrates

• Built with sugars
• Function Provide energy and structural support
• Foods breads, cereals, vegetables, fruits,
  seeds

5
2.Lipids/Fats

• Built with fatty acids
• Functions provides energy structure, cushions
  the body, and prevents heat loss
• Found in butter, margarine, candy

6
Saturated Fats

• has lots of hydrogen
• solid at room temperature (beef, pork, chicken,
  dairy)
• found in animal products
• ? can clog blood vessels!

7
Unsaturated Fats

• Liquid at room temperature (oils, nuts, seeds)
• found in plant products
• Healthier for you!

8
3. Nucleic Acids

• Atoms C, H, O, N, P
• There are two types
• DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)
• RNA (ribonucleic acid)
• Function DNA directs controls all activities
  of all cells in an organism RNA helps

9
DNA DeoxyriboNucleic Acid

• DNA is the hereditary material passed on from
  parents to offspring. Its your genes
• Structure double-stranded

10
RNA- Ribonucleic Acid

• RNA helps the DNA
• Structure single-stranded

11
4. Proteins

• Atoms C, H, O, N, P, S
• Built of amino acids
• Function Provide energy structure, repairs
  body tissues
• Some are hormones, enzymes, neurotransmitters,
  etc.