The Second New Deal

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The Second New Deal
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The 2nd Hundred Days

• 1st New Deal popular
• Gains still not up to FDRs expectations
• Asked Congress for more extensive relief
• Farmers workers

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Eleanor

• Social reformer
• Traveled the US to observe conditions
• Urged him to appoint women to govt positions

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Election of 1936

• Republicans - Alfred Landon
• Democrats - FDR - WINNER!
• 1st time that most African Americans had voted
  Democrat

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Helping Farmers

• mid 30s
• AAA struck down
• Congress passed another law
• Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act
• Paid farmers for cutting production of soil
  depleting crops
• Rewarded for practicing good soil conservation
  methods

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Helping Farmers

• 1938 - second AAA
• Many features from the 1st
• No processing tax to pay for farm subsidies
• Resettlement Admin
• Monetary loans to small farmers to buy land
• Replaced by
• Farm Security Admin (FSA)
• gt1 bill to help tenant farmers --gt landowners
• Est. camps for migrant farm workers

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Relief

• Works Progress Admin (WPA)
• Harry Hopkins
• Create as many jobs as possible
• 11 bill - 8 mill workers (unskilled)
• 850 airports
• 651,000 mi of rds
• 125,000 public buildings
• 300 mill garments for needy

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WPA (cont)

• Employed many professionals
• Wrote guides to cities
• Collected historical slave narratives
• Painted murals on walls
• Performed in theater troupes
• Made special effort to help women, minorities,
  young ppl (Eleanor)

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Natl Youth Admin (NYA)

• Provide edu, jobs, counseling, recreation
• For young ppl
• Student aid
• Work-study progs

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Reforms

• Natl Labor Relations Act aka Wagner Act
• Protected right of workers to join unions
• Collective bargaining
• Prohibited unfair labor practices
• Natl Labor Relations Bd (NLRB)
• Fair Labor Standards Act
• Max hrs - 44 hrs (40 hrs after 2 yrs)
• Min wage - .25/hr (.40 by 1945)
• Rules for lt 16 yrs old, banned hazardous work lt
  18 yrs

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The Social Security Act

• 3 major parts
• Old age insurance for retirees 65 or older
  their spouses
• Unemployment compensation system
• Aid to families with dependent children and the
  disabled

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Expanding Regulating Utilities

• Promote rural electrification
• Regulate public utilities
• 1935 - only 12.6 of Am. farms had electricity
• Rural Electrification Admin (REA)
• Get electricity to isolated area
• 1945 - 48 of ..
• 1949 - 90

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Expanding Regulating Utilities

• The Public Utility Holding Co. Act of 1935
• Stop financial corruption in public utility
  industry
• Outlawed ownership of utilities by multiple
  holding co
• Difficult to enforce

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After reading the article

• Get into groups of 2 or 3 (no more than 3)
• What is the current problem???
• Find facts to back it up
• How does it affect your lives?
• What are some possible solutions???