23.1 New Deal : Recap Objectives - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1 / 105
About This Presentation
Title:

23.1 New Deal : Recap Objectives

Description:

23.1 New Deal : Recap Objectives What characteristics did FDR posses that made him electable? What did Roosevelt do while he was waiting to take office? – PowerPoint PPT presentation

Number of Views:319
Avg rating:3.0/5.0
Slides: 106
Provided by: Lynde
Category:

less

Transcript and Presenter's Notes

Title: 23.1 New Deal : Recap Objectives


1
id terms 23.1 Huey Long.doc
23.1 New Deal Recap Objectives
  • What characteristics did FDR posses that made him
    electable?
  • What did Roosevelt do while he was waiting to
    take office?
  • What were the three main goals of the New Deal?
  • What happened during the period known as the
    Hundred Days?
  • What further steps did Roosevelt take to reform
    banking and finance?
  • What impact did the fireside chat have on the
    nation?
  • Which group of Americans was hardest hit by the
    Depression?
  • 8. What specific programs were created by FDR to
    provide relief to the farmers?
  • 9. What was the purpose to the CCC and how did it
    attempt to fulfill its goals?
  • 10. What did the Natl Recovery Act do?
  • 11. Which New Deal programs were designed to help
    homeowners?
  • 12. What ideas did John Maynard Keynes contribute
    that allowed FDRs programs
  • to function?
  • 13. Which New Deal programs centered around the
    provision of food, clothing,
  • and shelter? How did these programs work?
  • 14. How did the Supreme Court react to FDRs
    programs?
  • 15. What is meant by the term deficit spending?
  • 16. What objections did liberals have to FDRs
    New Deal programs?

2
23.1 A New Deal Fights the Depression
Main Idea After becoming president, Franklin
Delano Roosevelt used govt programs to fight
the Depression.
Terms Names
  • Franklin Delano Roosevelt
  • New Deal
  • Glass-Steagall Act
  • Federal Securities Act
  • Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)
  • Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
  • National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA)
  • Deficit spending
  • Huey Long

3
23.1 A New Deal Fights the Depression
Election of 1932 Republicans Herbert Hoover
-associated w/ problems of the
Depression Democrats Franklin Delano
Roosevelt -2 term govnor of NY -cousin of
Teddy Roosevelt -reform minded -can-do
attitude -comfortable and friendly to
voters -wins with clear margin of votes
4
23.1 A New Deal Fights the Depression
  • Waiting for Roosevelt to take over
  • At this time inauguration is in March (20th
    Amendment will
  • change that to Jan. later)
  • FDR assembles brain trust select group of
    advisors
  • professors, lawyers, journalists to help
    formulate policies
  • This makes up the New Deal
  • Goals of New Deal
  • 1. relief for the needy
  • 2. economic recovery
  • 3. financial reform

5
23.1 A New Deal Fights the Depression
  • The 1st Hundred Days
  • Period of intense activity
  • Congress passes more than
  • 15 pcs. of legislation
  • These laws expand role of
  • fed. govt in the economy

6
23.1 A New Deal Fights the Depression
  • 1st step Banking reform
  • People have lost faith in banks
  • March 5th declared banking
  • holiday
  • All banks closed (no w/drawals)
  • Emergency Banking Relief Act
  • Gives treasury dept right to
  • inspect banks
  • If sound, reopen at once
  • If insolvent, remain closed
  • Need help? Loans given
  • Restored peoples faith in banks

7
23.1 A New Deal Fights the Depression
  • Public Relations
  • -Fireside Chats
  • On radio
  • All hear and feel part of plan to recovery
  • Clear simple language (no politics)
  • Seems like hes talking to each person
  • Explains banking and why people have to support
    banks

8
23.1 A New Deal Fights the Depression
Roosevelt was the first president to use the mass
media to regularly connect with the nation, in
his famous fireside chats. Roosevelts evening
radio addresses helped worried citizens stay
informed on and involved with all matters of
state. FDR intentionally used direct, simple,
calm, language to explain problems and his plans
to solve them. He sensed that he would be most
effective in communicating with the public if he
joined citizens in their living rooms and
kitchens for relaxed conversation. No president
had ever made the effort to address his citizenry
so directly and informally.
9
23.1 A New Deal Fights the Depression
  • Regulate banking and finance
  • Glass-Steagall Act of 1933 created the FDIC
    Federal
  • Deposit Insurance Corporation which says govt
    insures
  • deposits up to 5000 made banks treat
    deposits carefully
  • Federal Securities Act of 1933 regulate stock
    market.
  • Corporations have to provide compete info.
    about stocks
  • SEC Securities Exchange Commission to
    regulate
  • stock market (no insider information)
  • 1933 21st Amendment repeal of Prohibition

10
23.1 A New Deal Fights the Depression
Helping the American People
  • AAA Agricultural Adjustment Act raise
  • crop prices by lowering production
  • Pay farmers to leave some land unseeded
  • Some paid to plow under the fields
  • Destruction of so much food angered many
  • going hungry
  • It raised prices of food and put more in
  • farmers pockets

11
Key Quotes FDRs Inauguration Speech
This Nation asks for action, and action now. Our
greatest primary task is to put people to work.
I shall ask congress for broad executive power to
wage war against the emergency.
12
The New Deal Alphabet Agencies
  • The Alphabet Agencies were set up to help reverse
    the Spiral of Depression.
  • The main aim was to pump money back into the
    economy by giving the unemployed jobs.
  • Not everyone within the Democratic Party agreed
    exactly how this should be done.

13
Causes of the Depression
Fewer goods are sold.
Demand drops.
The Spiral Of Depression
In order to stay in business companies cut wages
Companies are forced to cut costs by laying
people off
People lose their confidence start saving
their money
Demand drops even further.
14
Reversing the Spiral of Depression
Cycle of Prosperity!
Democrats called this Process Pump Priming
15
23.1 A New Deal Fights the Depression
Providing Work Projects
  • CCC Civilian Conservation Corps put young
    men aged
  • 18-25 to work building roads, developing parks,
    planting trees,
  • working to prevent soil-erosion and flood
    control
  • gave jobs to 3 million young men
  • paid 30 a month of which 25 went home to
    family
  • Free lodging, food, and uniforms
  • Chance to see the country
  • reforestation of Dust Bowl
  • Appalachian Trail
  • Roanoke Festival Park
  • camps racially segregated

16
23.1 A New Deal Fights the Depression
Providing Work Projects
  • National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) later
    known as
  • NRA provided money to states to build
    schools/other
  • community buildings

17
23.1 A New Deal Fights the Depression
  • NIRA tried to create fair business practices to
    promote
  • Industrial growth
  • developed codes for individual industries
  • created National Recovery Administration NRA
    set prices
  • for many products and established standards
  • Goal promote recovery by interrupting the
    trends of wage
  • cuts falling prices and layoffs (dont
    let the market economy
  • do its job intervene)
  • Fair practice codes jointly set by business
    reps, workers,
  • consumers
  • Workers given right to unionize
  • Many businesses critical of NIRA

18
23.1 A New Deal Fights the Depression
Providing Work Projects
  • National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) later
    known as
  • NRA
  • Also Civil Works Administration 4 million
    immediate jobs some
  • said it was make work programs but CWA built
    40,000
  • schools. Paid salaries of 50,000 rural
    teachers. Built ½ million
  • miles of road

19
23.1 A New Deal Fights the Depression
Food, Clothing Shelter
  • Housing Home Owners Loan Corporation got
    loans to
  • homeowners faced w/ foreclosure
  • National Housing Act created FHA Federal
    Housing
  • Administration still gives loans for home
    mortgages today
  • FERA Federal Emergency Relief Administration
  • 500 million to provide direct relief to needy
  • ½ money given to states as direct grants-in-aid
    to give
  • clothing to unemployed
  • ½ to states for work relief programs
  • FERA matched every 3 of state money w/ 1 fed

20
23.1 New Deal Fights the Depression
Supreme Court Attacks
  • Supreme Court declares NIRA unconstitutional
  • NIRA wrong b/c it gives legislative powers to
    the executive
  • branch which is unconstitutional it gives fed
    govt power to
  • enforce industry codes in states this goes
    beyond Federal
  • rights to control interstate trade
  • Supreme Court strikes down AAA agriculture is
    local matter
  • and should be regulated by states not federal
    govt
  • FDRs reaction reorganize federal court system!
  • Critics call this court packing! violation of
    separation of powers
  • Didnt pass Congress but all ok because lots of
    judges retired
  • FDR got to choose new judges ones who thought
    like him

21
(No Transcript)
22
23.1 New Deal Fights the Depression
New Deal Comes Under Attack
  • By end of 1st 100 days people had benefited
    tremendously
  • To do all things FDR had to agree to deficit
    spending
  • spending more than govt receives in
    revenue
  • Deficit spending as necessary evil
  • FDRs New Deal did NOT end the Depression
  • Lots of critics of FDR said he spent too much
    money

23
23.1 New Deal Fights Depression
Four Fiery Critics
  • American Liberty League strongly against FDR
  • New Deal programs infringe on rights of
    individual and of property
  • 2. Charles Coughlin retired priest. Early
    supporter but turned against FDR
  • Favored guaranteed natl income and
    nationalization of banks
  • Big radio audience
  • Anti-Semitic
  • 3. Francis Townsend physician and health care
    officer in California
  • FDR not doing enough for elderly
  • Need a pension plan w/ retirement for the elderly
  • 4. Huey Long most serious challenger of FDR.
  • Created a natl program called Share-Our-Wealth
    club
  • Very popular
  • Assassinated at height of popularity

24
Use notes to recap
  • Brain Trust
  • Bank Holiday 3/5/1933
  • Federal Securities Act
  • Fireside Chat
  • 20th Amendment move inauguration to Jan.
  • -CCC - Civilian Conservation Corp
  • -AAA - Agricultural Adjustment Act
  • -NRA - National Recovery Administration
  • -Packing the Court

25
The New Deal
Name____________________ Date_________________
Bell___________________
59
Franklin Roosevelt and the New Deal
Source http//www.cia.gov/csi/monograph/firstln/9
55pres10.gif
Alphabet Soup Begins CCC, NIRA, AAA,
Source http//www.lausd.k12.ca.us/Belmont_HS/tkm/
Pics/NRA20poster/NRAposter.jpg

Glass-Steagall Act Federal Securities Act
Source http//www.weru.ksu.edu/new_weru/multimedi
a/dustbowl/cimarron_ok.jpg
26
23.2 The Second New Deal Takes Hold
Main Idea The Second New Deal included new
programs to extend federal aid and stimulates the
nations economy.
Terms and Names
Eleanor Roosevelt Works Progress Administration
(WPA) National Youth Administration Wagner
Act Social Security Act
27
23.2 The Second New Deal Takes Hold
Second Hundred Days
  • Still high unemployment
  • Second Hundred Days are more programs launched by
    FDR
  • Wife Eleanor Roosevelt prodded FDR to do more for
    social
  • welfare of people
  • Great political skills
  • Travel country to talk to people
  • Got more women into office
  • 1936 Election clear victory for FDR and
    Democrats. AA voted
  • for Democrats first time. First time unions
    public ally endorse
  • a candidate

28
Famous quotes of the most admired woman
in America for 13 years.
A woman is like a teabag you never know
how strong she is until she gets into hot water
Beautiful young people are accidents of
nature Beautiful old people are works of art
29
23.2 The Second New Deal Takes Hold
Helping Farmers
  • As Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck illustrated
    poverty and
  • lost homes are still way of American farmer
  • Supreme Court struck down AAA
  • earlier
  • Redone AAA w/out processing tax
  • to which Supreme Court objected
  • New name Soil Conservation
  • Domestic Allotment
  • Act

30
23.2 The Second New Deal Takes Hold
Helping Farmers
  • More farm aid
  • Resettlement Administration loans to small
  • farmers to buy land
  • Replaced by Farm Security Administration (FSA)
  • loans to help tenant farmers become
  • land owners
  • Camps for migrant workers
  • Hired photographers to take pics.

31
23.2 The Second New Deal Takes Hold
Roosevelt Extends Relief
  • Help youth, professionals, and workers
  • Works Progress Administration (WPA)
  • reworked form of CWA civil works administr.
  • headed by Harry Hopkins
  • Create as many jobs as possible quickly

Singing for your supper
32
What about the unskilled unemployed?
  • In 1935, after a terrible winter FDR decided to
    help the unskilled unemployed by setting up WPA
    with Harry Hopkins in charge.

33
WPA Works Progress Administration
  • Hired 100 people to scare pigeons away with
    balloons from public buildings in Washington DC.
  • Employed 12,000 Actors to put on plays and
    concerts to cheer people up!
  • Employed artists and painters to make paintings
    for display in schools and public buildings.
  • Gave work to 2 million people a year.
  • Built 11,000 schools.
  • Built 70,000 km of roads.
  • La Guardia airport in New York.
  • Employed photographers to make a record of the
    Depression.

Boondoggles?
34
What about the unskilled unemployed?
  • In response to being accused of boondoggling,
    when he gave unemployed librarians jobs
    cataloguing historical documents, Hopkins
    replied

Hell, theyve got to eat just like other people.
In 1934, the CWA was shut down because it was
wasting money
35
23.2 The Second New Deal Takes Hold
Roosevelt Extends Relief
  • Help youth, professionals, and workers
  • National Youth Administration (NYA) work
  • created for students

Paid to teach baseball
36
23.2 The Second New Deal Takes Hold
Improving Labor and Other Reforms
  • Very important!
  • Supreme Court declared NIRA unconstitutional
  • saying fed. govt had involved itself in what
    were
  • state activities
  • FDR created the following to keep reforms in
  • labor relations

37
23.2 The Second New Deal Takes Hold
Improving Labor and Other Reforms
  • Wagner Act (National Labor Relations Act)
  • re-established NIRA collective bargaining
  • rights
  • prohibited unfair labor practices such as
  • threatening to fire workers who strike
  • set up the National Labor Relations Board
  • exists today to hear testimony about unfair
  • labor practices (Walmart and women)

38
23.2 The Second New Deal Takes Hold
Improving Labor and Other Reforms
  • set up Fair Labor Standard Act
  • set maximum weekly work hours
  • set minimum wage to .25 an hour

39
23.2 The Second New Deal Takes Hold
The Social Security Act
  • Social Security Act created by committee
  • chaired by FEMALE secretary of labor
  • Francis Perkins

40
23.2 The Second New Deal Takes Hold
The Social Security Act
  • Social Security Act
  • Old-age insurance for retirees 65 or
  • older and spouse. ½ from workers, ½
  • from employer
  • 2. Unemployment compensation system
  • funded by fed tax on employers
  • 3. Aid to families w/ dependent children
  • and disabled.
  • What about Bushs change to the SS system?

41
Is Social Security a planning vehicle that
an individual uses for his or her own
retirement? Or Is it a pooling of resources so
that all of society can meet the needs of its
older members? Is there a sense of common
obligation? FDR said We have tried to frame a
law which will give some measure of protection
to the average citizen and to his family against
the loss of a job and against poverty-ridden old
age FDRs target rate of poverty not rate of
return Social Security successful in battling
poverty among elderly
42
23.2 The Second New Deal Takes Hold
Expanding and Regulating Utilities
  • Rural Electrification Administration (REA)
  • financed bringing electricity to rural areas
    (Currituck!)

43
23.2 The Second New Deal Takes Hold
Improving Labor and Other Reforms
  • See chart p. 706 See how the New Deal
  • expanded the scope of the federal
  • governments power?
  • Each of these agencies became part of
  • the executive branch
  • Turn in the following task
  • Reorganize the chart in chronological
  • order
  • 2. Label if product of 1st One Hundred Days
  • or part of the Second New Deal

44
23.2 The Second New Deal Takes Hold
Second New Deal (second hundred days) Eleanor
Roosevelt 2nd AAA (no processing tax to pay for
farm subsidies) Resettlement Admin Farm
Security Administration (FSA) Dorothea Lange Need
more work? Harry Hopkins takes on WPA NYA
National Youth Administration NLRA Wagner
Act Fair Labor Standards Act Social Security
Act Old age pension Unemployment
compensation Aid to families w/ dependent
children or disabled REA Rural Electrification
Adminstration
45
23.2 The Second New Deal Takes Hold
What do you know? Graphic Organizer Fill in the
worksheet as provided to see if you can correctly
place the agency to the cause. Backpage
reteach of 23.2
46
Name Full Name Description
FDIC Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insured bank deposits
NIRA PWA CWA Nat'l Industrial Recovery Act (Public Works Administration Civil Works Administration) allowed business to cooperate" PWA - public works administration for skilled labor CWA - Civil works administration for unskilled labor
NRA Nat'l Recovery Administration approved NIRA
SSA Social Security Act old age pensions
AAA Agricultural Adjustment Act leased farmers' land
TVA Tennessee Valley Association dam rivers for electricity
FERA Federal Emergency Relief Act gave 500 million to states for aid
CCC Civilian Conservation Corp Parks men work in camps
FSA Federal Security Administration control the issue of stock on the stock market
REA Rural Electrification Administration provide electricity to farmers
Wagner Act NLRB National Labor Relations Board ok-ed collective bargaining, right of workers to join unions, set up labor relations board
47
NAMES AND TERMS
  • Francis Perkins
  • Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO)
  • Mary McLeod Bethune
  • John Collier
  • New Deal coalition

48
OBJECTIVES
  • Analyze the effects of the New Deal programs on
    women.
  • Describe Roosevelts attitude toward
    African-Americans.
  • Identify the groups that formed the New Deal
    coalition.
  • Describe the supporter of FDRs New Deal.

49
THE NEW DEAL BRINGS NEW OPPORTUNITIES
  • ND represents an important opportunity for
    women/minorities
  • gains were limited, however
  • patterns of prejudice and discrimination were
    hard to break
  • some were resolved to prevent their full/equal
    participation

50
WOMEN MAKE THEIR MARK
  • Francis Perkins 1st female cabinet member
  • Secretary of labor
  • Played a major role in creating Social Security
    system
  • Supervised labor legislation
  • FDR also appt 3 female diplomats 1 female
    federal judge
  • WOMEN STILL FACED WORKPLACE DISCRIMINATION
  • (82 said woman should not work if husband has a
    job!)

51
BUT, there are problems
  • National Recovery Administration set wages
    some were lower for women
  • Federal Emergency Relief Administration Civil
    Works Admin hired fewer women than men
  • CCC hired only men
  • Despite these problems, women made small gains
  • WIDESPREAD CRITICISM OF WOMEN WORKING DID NOT
    CHANGE THE PROGRESSION OF WOMEN GETTING JOBS

52
AFRICAN-AMERICAN ACTIVISM
  • growth of activism by AAs
  • A. Phillip Randolph
  • Established 1st all-black
  • labor union
  • Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters
  • Laid the groundwork for the civil rights movement

53
African-Americans Take Leadership Roles
  • Mary McLeod Bethune
    educator
  • appointed to head Division
    of Negro
  • Affairs of the NYA
  • Her job
  • To make sure they hired AAs as administrators
  • To provide job training to AAs
  • Organized Black Cabinet advisors on racial
    affairs
  • William Hastie and Robert Weaver appt to
    Department of Interior
  • NEVER BEFORE SO MANY AA VOICES HEARD IN GOVT!

54
Mrs. Roosevelts influence
  • Eleanor was key to keeping door open for AAs
  • Marian Anderson in 39
  • DAR would not let her
  • perform for them
  • Eleanor resigned and arranged
  • for Marian performed at Lincoln
  • Memorial instead

55
FDR FAILS TO FULLY SUPPORT CIVIL RIGHTS
  • Feared upsetting
  • Southern white Dems
  • Refused to pass
  • anti-lynching law
  • Refused to end poll
  • tax

56
Some New Deal agencies discriminated ag. AAs
CCC
NRA
TVA
  • NRA, CCC, TVA
  • Lower wages for AAs and favored whites
  • 1934 AAs help organize Southern Tenant Farmers
    Union
  • To protect tenant farmers sharecroppers black
    white
  • In North, the union organized tenants groups and
    tried to inc job ops
  • Despite these problems, most blacks supported FDR
    as he was their best hope

57
Mexican-American Fortunes
  • Supported ND, though they benefited less than
    AAs!
  • CCC and TVA helped some, but disqualified many
    migrants as they had no permanent address
  • They had come to US during 20s
  • Mainly in Southwest
  • Farm laborers not governed by state or federal
    work laws
  • Wages fell to .09/hr!
  • Attempts at unionization
  • violence from employers govt authorities!

58
NATIVE AMERICANS
GAIN SUPPORT
  • Strong support by federal govt
  • John Collier -Commissioner of Indian Affairs
    appt by FDR in 34
  • helped create Indian Reorganization Act
  • change govt policy from assimilation to NA
    autonomy!
  • Restored some lands to tribal ownership

59
Changes to Native American Policies
  • Economic changes lands belong to whole tribe
  • Govt cant take over unoccupied lands sell them
    to non-Indians
  • Cultural changes of boarding schools for AAs
    reduced attend school on reservation
  • Political changes elect tribal councils on
    reservations
  • PROS those who valued tribal traditions.
  • OBJECTIONS from those who owned land
    individually under Dawes Act tired of whites
    telling them what was good for them (the more
    Americanized)
  • Dawes Act broke up reservations gave land to
    individual Indians 1887

60
FDR CREATES NEW DEAL COALITION
  • New Deal coalition diverse groups dedicated to
    supporting the New Deal
  • Despite mixed results for minorities, they
    supported FDR
  • Southern whites
  • Various urban groups
  • AAs
  • Unionized industrial workers
  • Dems dominated national politics thru 30s and
    40s

61
LABOR UNIONS FLOUIRSH
  • Better working conditions increased bargaining
    power (Wagner Act)
  • Unions gave to FDRs reelection campaigns
  • Promised to vote for him
  • Union membership grows!
  • 1933 less than 3 m to more than 10 m in 1942
  • auto, rubber, electrical, coal miners, workers in
    mass-production industries
  • struggle for who will control unions!
  • AFL craft unions life carpenters,
    electricians
  • Leaders opposed industry-wide unions as in auto
    manufacturing
  • .

62
CIO
  • John L. Lewis (UMW) David Dubinsky ( ILGW) team
    up to organize industrial unions
  • formed Committee for Industrial Organizations
    Unskilled semi-skilled workers
  • got auto steel industries to recognize the
    unions
  • by 38 these unions were thrown out of AFL!!
  • Committee changed its name
  • becomes Congress of Industrial Organizations
    (CIO)
  • AFL CIO stayed separate until 55, then teamed
    up

63
LABOR DISPUTES
  • One main tactic of 30s SIT-DOWN STRIKE
  • DONT WALK OFF THE JOB sit down in the plant,
    but do not work!
  • You cant carry on working w/strikebreakers if
    people are occupying the plant!
  • Some opposed the sit-down as a violation of
    private property
  • It was very effective!

64
More labor disputes. . .
  • OTHER DISPUTES WERE NOT PEACEFUL
  • Republic Steel plant, Chicago, 1937
  • Police attacked the strikers, including women
  • 10 killed, 84 wounded
  • called Memorial Day Massacre
  • NLRB requires head of co. to negotiate w/labor
    union
  • THIS RESULTS IN A GAIN OF STRENGTH ON THE PART OF
    LABOR IN THE 30s

65
  • 1937, May 30 Memorial Day Incident, Strikers
    Killed at Republic Steel
  • 10 people received fatal injuries when city
    police dispersed a large group of striking steel
    workers and their sympathizers who were marching
    in the direction of the plant of the Republic
    Steel Corporation near Burley Avenue and One
    Hundred and Sixteenth Street in that city.
  • This encounter occurred 4 days after the outbreak
    of a strike of union employees of the corporation
    and while picketing was in progress in front of
    the plant.
  • In addition to the fatalities, none of which was
    suffered by the police, approximately 90 members
    of the group were injured (30 by gunfire) and 35
    police sustained injury

66
FDR WINS IN 36
  • Support for FDR was huge in Northern cities
  • NY, Chicago, Boston, Philly all had powerful
    political machines
  • they provided jobs in exchange for votes
  • In 36, FDR won the nations 12 largest cities
  • Support came from a wide variety of religious
    ethnic communities
  • RC, Jews, Polish, Italians, and Irish, and other
    Slavic peoples
  • His appeal based on ND labor laws and work-relief
    programs that helped poor
  • President appointed many officials of
    urban-immigrant background, especially Roman
    Catholics and Jews, to important govt jobs

67
                                      Franklin
Delano Roosevelt delivering a radio address,
1936. Our thirty-second president was the first
Chief Executive to make extensive use of radio
to communicate with American voters.
68
SUM UP
  • ND had huge impact on women, AAs,
    Mexican-Amercans, and workers and a huge impact
    on American society and culture

69
(No Transcript)
70
Reteach 23.3
  • The countrys first all-black trade union was
    organized
  • by_____________
  • Roosevelt did not do more to promote civil rights
    for
  • fear of upsetting ___________________________
  • 3. One of the main bargaining tactics of the
    labor movt
  • in the 1930s was the _______________________
  • 4. The Memorial Day Massacre involved violent
    clashes
  • between police and workers in what
    industry_______
  • 5. Frances Perkins became the first female
    ___________.

71
Culture in the 1930s
  • 23.4 Do terms and names as found on p. 720
  • Gone With the Wind
  • Orson Welles
  • Grant Wood
  • Richard Wright
  • The Grapes of Wrath

72
MAIN IDEA
  • Motion pictures, radio, art and literature
    blossomed during the New Deal.
  • WHY IT MATTERS NOW
  • The films, music, art, and literature of the
    1930s still captivate todays public

73
The Lure of Motion Pictures Radio
  • MOVIES
  • Cost .25
  • 65 of Americans went to movies once a week
  • 15,000 movie theater more than the of banks,
    twice the number of hotels
  • RADIO
  • Sold 13 million in 1930, 28 million in 1940
  • ½ of all American households owned a radio

74
Hollywood takes center stage
  • Film stars
  • Clark Gable
  • Marlene Dietrich
  • Jimmy Cagney

75
Movies of the 30s
76
REALITY OF THE DEPRESSION
77
ROMANTIC COMEDY
78
(No Transcript)
79
ANIMATIONS
80
COMEDIES
81
COMEDIES
82
Gangster Films
83
Social Commentary
84
RADIO
  • Drama and variety
  • War of the Worlds
  • Orson Welles later
  • directed movie classics
  • Citizen Kane
  • Touch of Evil

85
Comedians
86
(No Transcript)
87
The Arts in Depression America
  • Art, music, literature
  • Sober and serious
  • But conveyed an uplifting message about strength
    of character and democratic values
  • Many artists supported the New Deals spirit of
    social and political change
  • Many of them also received financial support from
    the New Deal (Harry Hopkins and the WPA)
  • Theyve got to eat just like other people.

88
Federal Art Project
  • Paid artists a living wage
  • Aimed to increase public appreciation of art
    promote positive images of America
  • Artists
  • created posters
  • taught art in schools
  • created murals
  • These murals were inspired by Diego Rivera
  • Focused on dignity of ordinary Americans at work

89
Grant Woods American Gothic
90
Dramatizing Labor struggles of the 1930s
91
Woodie Gutherie
  • Music to capture the hardships of Depression
    America

92
Writers
  • Supported by Federal Writers Project
  • Future Pulitzer Prize winner Saul Bellow
    first job
  • Richard Wright African-American writer, Native
    Son (1940)
  • Zora Neale Hurston Their Eyes Were Watching God
    (1937)
  • John Steinbeck Grapes of Wrath (1939)

93
And more writers...
  • James T. Farrell Studs Lonigan trilogy (32-35)
  • Bleak picture of working class life in Irish
    neighborhood of Chicago
  • Jack Conroy The Disinherited (1933)
  • Violence poverty in Missouri coal fields
  • James Agee photographer Walker Evans teamed up
    for Let Us Now Praise Famous Men (1941)
  • Deals w/ difficult life of poor farmers dignity
    strength of character
  • Thornton Wilder Our Town (a play written in
    38) beauty of small town New England life

94
To sum up . . .
  • Though artists and writers recognized Americas
    flaws, they contributed positively to New Deal
    legacy
  • Intellectuals praised the virtues of American
    life
  • They took pride in the countrys traditions and
    accomplishments.

95
23.5 The Impact of the New Deal Do terms and
names and 1st two columns p. 725
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
(FDIC) Securities and Exchange Commission
(SEC) National Labor Relations Board
(NLRB) Parity Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)
96
23.5 The Impact of the New Deal
New Deal Reforms Endure
  • FDR did NOT like deficit spending.
  • 1937 economy better though not perfect
  • by 1939 New Deal over though things
  • heating up in Europe

97
23.5 The Impact of the New Deal
Supporters and Critics
  • Conservatives felt FDR made the govt
  • too large and too powerful. Stifles free
  • enterprise and individual initiative
  • Supporters thought FDR did well

98
23.5 The Impact of the New Deal
Expanding Role of Govt in Economy
  • Federal govt had bigger role now so did
  • the Presidential office
  • Created federal jobs
  • Federal govt step in to settle labor
  • management disputes
  • Created Federal Deposit Insurance Corp.
  • (FDIC) regulates banking
  • Created Securities and Exchange Commission
  • (SEC) regulates investment

99
23.5 The Impact of the New Deal
Expanding Role of Govt in Economy
  • Protecting Workers Rights
  • National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)
  • which under the Wagner Act acts as
  • mediator b/w labor and management

100
23.2 The Second New Deal Takes Hold
One More Thing NLRB v. Jones Laughlin Steel
Corp 1937
  • NLRB (Wagner Act) said Congress could regulate
    labor relations
  • since it came under the commerce clause of
    Constitution
  • Jones Laughlin Steel Corp said no way
  • Supreme Court said even if manufacturing done
    locally its final
  • product is shipped out of state so Congress CAN
    REGULATE
  • important because Supreme Court switched and now
    backed up
  • the New Deal
  • even today Congress can regulate anything
    essential and appropriate
  • in Commerce such as discrimination in
    employment in hotel industry

101
23.5 The Impact of the New Deal
Social and Environmental Effects
  • Social Security federal govt assumes
  • responsibility for social welfare of its
    citizens
  • Rural scene loans to farmers based on amount
  • of farmers surplus crops plus parity price
  • priced fixed and intended to keep farm income
  • steady (agricultural price supports)

102
23.5 The Impact of the New Deal
Social and Environmental Effects
  • Tennessee Valley Authority harness water
  • supply to generate electricity and prevent
  • floods in Tenn.

103
(No Transcript)
104
23 New Deal
  • Short Answer in Detail this is an essay with
    introduction,
  • supporting details, conclusion. Use specific
    terms. Demonstrate your
  • Knowledge
  • Pick one to answer
  • Which of Roosevelts measures were most effective
    in
  • fighting the Depression? Why?
  • 2. How did Roosevelt alter the role of the
    federal govt in
  • American life?
  • 3. How did ordinary workers and farmers effect
    SOCIAL
  • change in the 1930s?
  • 4. What were the positive and negative effects of
    the New Deals
  • use of federal govt as an agency of social
    reform?

105
Essay Questions Chapter 23 The Great
Depression What are some of the lasting effects
of the New Deal on banking finance, workers
rights, social effects, and the environment in
the US? Factors that led to the Great
Depression FDIC SEC NLRB-Wagner Act Social
Security and 3 components TVA CCC Why was FDR
able to quickly instill confidence in the federal
govts ability to end the Depression? Give 2
reasons. FDRs personality and interactions w/
the American public Goals and effects of early
New Deal Policies (specifically mention policies
by name and describe them) Describe the effects
of the New Deal public works projects on the
economy, the environment, and peoples personal
lives in regard to minorities and women. Lives of
unemployed Americans before the New
Deal Accomplishments of the CCC, TVA, and
WPA Difference between white male Americans and
other minorities (AA, women, Hispanic, Native
American) as reflected in these
organizations There were many people who
disliked FDRs New Deal program. What were some
of the arguments against the New Deal? Who made
these arguments and what was their platform? Be
sure to include the specifics of their view. Why
were they against FDR? What was their
solution? Father Charles Coughlin Dr. Francis
Townsend Huey Long
Write a Comment
User Comments (0)
About PowerShow.com